Personal Identification and Authentication based on One-lead ECG using Ziv-Merhav Cross Parsing

David Pereira Coutinho, Ana L. N. Fred, Mário A. T. Figueiredo

2010

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a new data compression based ECG biometric method for personal identification and authentication. The ECG is an emerging biometric that does not need liveliness verification. There is strong evidence that ECG signals contain sufficient discriminative information to allow the identification of individuals from a large population. Most approaches rely on ECG data and the fiducia of different parts of the heartbeat waveform. However nonfiducial approaches have proved recently to be also effective, and have the advantage of not relying critically on the accurate extraction of fiducia. We propose a non-fiducial method based on the Ziv-Merhav cross parsing algorithm for symbol sequences (strings). Our method uses a string similarity measure obtained with a data compression algorithm. We present results on real data, one-lead ECG, acquired during a concentration task, from 19 healthy individuals, on which our approach achieves 100% subject identification rate and an average equal error rate of 1.1% on the authentication task.

References

  1. Jain, A.K., Ross, A., Prabhakar, S.: An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Techn. 14 (2004) 4-20
  2. Medina, L.A.S., Fred, A.L.N.: Genetic algorithm for clustering temporal data - application to the detection of stress from ecg signals. In: Proc 2nd International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence (ICAART). (2010) 135-142
  3. Ross, A.A., Nandakumar, K., Jain, A.K.: Handbook of Multibiometrics (International Series on Biometrics). Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Secaucus, NJ, USA (2006)
  4. N. V. Boulgouris (Editor), Konstantinos N. Plataniotis (Editor), E.M.T.E.: Biometrics: Theory, Methods, and Applications. Wiley-IEEE Press (2009)
  5. Cunha, J., Cunha, B., Xavier, W., Ferreira, N., Pereira, A.: Vital-jacket: A wearable wireless vital signs monitor for patients mobility. In: Proceedings of the Avantex Symposium. (2007)
  6. Leonov, V.: Wireless body-powered electrocardiography shirt. In: Proceedings of the Smart Systems Integration European Conference. (2009)
  7. Damousis, I.G., Tzovaras, D., Bekiaris, E.: Unobtrusive multimodal biometric authentication: the humabio project concept. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process 2008 (2008) 1-11
  8. Biel, L., Pettersson, O., Philipson, L., Wide, P.: ECG analysis - a new approach in human identification. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 50 (2001) 808-812
  9. Shen, T., Tompkins, W.J., Hu, Y.H.: One-lead ECG for identity verification. Proc. of the 2nd Joint Conf. of the IEEE Eng. in Medicine and Biology Soc. and the 24th Annual Conf. and the Annual Fall Meeting of the Biomedical Eng. Soc. (EMBS/BMES 7802) 1 (October 2002) 62-63
  10. Israel, S.A., Irvine, J.M., Cheng, A., Wiederhold, M.D., Wiederhold, B.K.: ECG to identify individuals. Pattern Recognition 38 (2005) 133-142
  11. Silva, H., Gamboa, H., Fred, A.: One lead ECG based personal identification with feature subspace ensembles. In: MLDM 7807: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, Berlin, Heidelberg, SpringerVerlag (2007) 770-783
  12. Chan, A., Hamdy, M., Badre, A., Badee, V.: Wavelet distance measure for person identification using electrocardiograms. Instrumentation and Measurement, IEEE Transactions on 57 (2008) 248-253
  13. Chiu, C.C., Chuang, C.M., Hsu, C.Y.: A novel personal identity verification approach using a discrete wavelet transform of the ECG signal. In: MUE 7808: Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, Washington, DC, USA, IEEE Computer Society (2008) 201-206
  14. Wang, Y., Agrafioti, F., Hatzinakos, D., Plataniotis, K.N.: Analysis of human electrocardiogram for biometric recognition. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process 2008 (2008) 19
  15. So, H., K.L.Chan: Development of qrs detection method for real-time ambulatory cardiac monitor. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. (1997) 289-292
  16. Laguna, P., Mark, R., Goldberg, A., Moody, G.: A database for evaluation of algorithms for measurement of qt and other waveform intervals in the ECG. In: Computers in Cardiology 1997. (1997) 673-676
  17. Ziv, J., Lempel, A.: A universal algorithm for sequential data compression. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 23 (1977) 337-343
  18. Ziv, J., Lempel, A.: Compression of individual sequences via variable-rate coding. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 24 (1978) 530-536
  19. Nelson, M., Gailly, J.: The Data Compression Book. M&T Books, New York (1995)
  20. Salomon, D.: Data Compression. The complete reference. 3rd edition edn. Springer, New York (2004)
  21. Pereira Coutinho, D., Figueiredo, M.: Information theoretic text classification using the Ziv-Merhav method. 2nd Iberian Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis - IbPRIA'2005 (2005)
  22. Ziv, J., Merhav, N.: A measure of relative entropy between individual sequences with application to universal classification. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 39 (1993) 1270-1279
  23. Cerra, D., Datcu, M.: Algorithmic cross-complexity and relative complexity. In: DCC 7809: Proceedings of the 2009 Data Compression Conference, Washington, DC, USA, IEEE Computer Society (2009) 342-351
  24. Wright, J., Ma, Y., Tao, Y., Lin, Z., Shum, H.: Classification via minimum incremental coding length. SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences 2 (2009) 367-395
  25. Gamboa, H.: Multi-Modal Behavioral Biometrics Based on HCI and Electrophysiology. PhD thesis, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal (2008)
  26. Oliveira, C., Fred, A.L.N.: ECG-based authentication: Bayesian vs. nearest neighbour classifiers. In: Proc International Conf. on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing - Biosignals - INSTICC, Porto, Portugal (2009)
Download


Paper Citation


in Harvard Style

Pereira Coutinho D., L. N. Fred A. and A. T. Figueiredo M. (2010). Personal Identification and Authentication based on One-lead ECG using Ziv-Merhav Cross Parsing . In Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Information Systems - Volume 1: PRIS, (ICEIS 2010) ISBN 978-989-8425-14-0, pages 15-24. DOI: 10.5220/0003030000150024


in Bibtex Style

@conference{pris10,
author={David Pereira Coutinho and Ana L. N. Fred and Mário A. T. Figueiredo},
title={Personal Identification and Authentication based on One-lead ECG using Ziv-Merhav Cross Parsing},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Information Systems - Volume 1: PRIS, (ICEIS 2010)},
year={2010},
pages={15-24},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0003030000150024},
isbn={978-989-8425-14-0},
}


in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Information Systems - Volume 1: PRIS, (ICEIS 2010)
TI - Personal Identification and Authentication based on One-lead ECG using Ziv-Merhav Cross Parsing
SN - 978-989-8425-14-0
AU - Pereira Coutinho D.
AU - L. N. Fred A.
AU - A. T. Figueiredo M.
PY - 2010
SP - 15
EP - 24
DO - 10.5220/0003030000150024