Authors:
            
                    Maximilian Stäbler
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Tobias Guggenberger
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    DanDan Wang
                    
                        
                                3
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Richard Mrasek
                    
                        
                                4
                            
                    
                    ; 
                
                    Frank Köster
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                     and
                
                    Chris Langdon
                    
                        
                                5
                            
                    
                    
                
        
        
            Affiliations:
            
                    
                        
                                1
                            
                    
                    German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute for AI Safety and Security, Ulm, Germany
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                2
                            
                    
                    Fraunhofer ISST, Dortmund, Germany
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                3
                            
                    
                    T-Systems International GmbH, Bonn, Germany
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                4
                            
                    
                    T-Systems International GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
                
                    ; 
                
                    
                        
                                5
                            
                    
                    Drucker School of Business, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, U.S.A.
                
        
        
        
        
        
             Keyword(s):
            Data Spaces, Semantic Interoperability, Design Principles, Data Ecosystem.
        
        
            
                
                
            
        
        
            
                Abstract: 
                This paper tackles the challenge of semantic interoperability in the ever-evolving data management and sharing landscape, crucial for integrating diverse data sources in cross-domain use cases. Our comprehensive approach, informed by an extensive literature review, focus-group discussions and expert insights from seven professionals, led to the formulation of six innovative design principles for interoperability tools in Data Spaces. These principles, derived from key meta-requirements identified through semi-structured interviews in a focus group, address the complexities of data heterogeneity and diversity. They offer a blend of automated, scalable, and resilient strategies, bridging theoretical and practical aspects to provide actionable guidelines for semantic interoperability in contemporary data ecosystems. This research marks a significant contribution to the domain, setting a new design approach for Data Space integration and management.