GREEN WEB ENGINEERING - A Set of Principles to Support the Development and Operation of “Green” Websites and their Utilization during a Website’s Life Cycle

Markus Dick, Stefan Naumann, Alexandra Held

2010

Abstract

The power consumption of ICT and Internet is still increasing. To date, it is not clear if the energy savings through ICT overbalance the energy consumption by ICT, or not. In either case, it is suggestive to enforce the energy efficiency of the Web. In our paper, we present a set of 12 principles, which help e.g. to reduce the net load by caching or compressing. In order to classify our suggestions we group them by three main roles in Web Engineering. Additionally, we recommend using data centres which utilize “classic” Green IT.

References

  1. Abenius, S., 2009. Green IT & Green Software - Time and Energy Savings Using Existing Tools. In: Wohlgemuth, V., Page, B. & Voigt, C. eds. 2009. Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools. 23th International Conference on Informatics for Environmental Protection. Volume 1. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, pp. 57- 66.
  2. ADTECH, 2008. Survey Unveils Extent of Internet Explorer Domination Across the European Browser Landscape. [Online] ADTECH: London. Available at: http://www.adtech.com/news/pr-08-07_en.htm [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  3. Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. & Frystyk, H., 1996. Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.0. Request for Comments 1945. [Online] Network Working Group. Available at: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1945 [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  4. Coroama, V. & Hilty, L.M., 2009: Energy Consumed vs. Energy Saved by ICT - A Closer Look. In: Wohlgemuth, V., Page, B. & Voigt, C. eds., 2009. Environmental Informatics and Industrial Environmental Protection: Concepts, Methods and Tools. 23th International Conference on Informatics for Environmental Protection. Volume 2. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, pp. 353-361.
  5. Crocker, David H., 1982. Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Messages. Request for Comments 822. [Online] University of Delaware. Available at: http://tools.ietf.org/ html/rfc822 [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  6. Erdmann, L., Hilty, L.M., Goodman, J. & Arnfalk, P., 2004. The Future Impact of ICTs on Environmental Sustainability. Technical Report Series EUR 21384 EN. [Online] Brussels: IPTS. Available at: http://ftp.jrc.es/EURdoc/eur21384en.pdf [Accessed 3. Oct. 2009].
  7. Fielding, R.; Gettys, J., Mogul, J., Frystyk, H., Masinter, L., Leach, P. & Berners-Lee, T., 1999. Hypertext Transfer Protocol -- HTTP/1.1. Request for Comments 2616. [Online] The Internet Society. Available at: http://tools.ietf.org/html/ rfc2616 [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  8. Göhring, W., 2004. The Memorandum "Sustainable Information Society". In: 18th International Conference on Informatics for Environmental Protection, Geneva 2004.
  9. Gore, Al, 2006. An Inconvenient Truth. Emmaus: Rodale.
  10. Hilty, L.M., 2008. Information Technology and Sustainability. Books on Demand GmbH: Norderstedt.
  11. Hilty, L.M., Seifert, E.K. & Treibert; R. eds., 2005. Information Systems for Sustainable Development. Hershey: Idea Group Publishing.
  12. Hird, G., 2008. Green IT in Practice: How One Company Is Approaching the Greening of Its IT. Cambridge: IT Governance Publishing.
  13. King, A., 2008. Website Optimization. 1st ed. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media.
  14. Koomey, J.G., 2007. Estimating total Power Consumption by Servers in the U.S. and the World. Final report, February 15, 2007. [Online] Analytics Press: Oakland. Available: http://enterprise.amd.com/ Downloads/svrpwrusecompletefinal.pdf [Accessed: 4 Oct. 2009].
  15. Naumann, S., 2008a. Sustainability Informatics - A new Subfield of Applied Informatics? In: Möller, A., Page, B. & Schreiber, M. eds., 2008. EnviroInfo 2008. Environmental Informatics and Industrial Ecology, 22nd International Conference on Environmental Informatics. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, pp. 384-389.
  16. Naumann, S., Gresk, S. & Schäfer, K., 2008b. How Green is the Web? Visualizing the Power Quality of Websites. In: Möller, A., Page, B. & Schreiber, M. eds., 2008. EnviroInfo 2008. Environmental Informatics and Industrial Ecology, 22nd International Conference on Environmental Informatics. Aachen: Shaker Verlag, pp. 62-65.
  17. Nottingham, M., 2009. Caching Tutorial. [Online] Available at: http://www.mnot.net/cache_docs/ [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  18. Souders, S., 2007. High Performance Web Sites. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media.
  19. Theurer, T., 2007. Performance Research, Part 2: Browser Cache Usage - Exposed! [Online] Available at: http://www.yuiblog.com/blog/2007/01/04/ performance-research-part-2/ [Accessed 10 Oct. 2009].
  20. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Energy Star Program), 2007. Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency, Public Law 109- 431, August 2, 2007.
  21. Velte, T. , Velte A. & Elsenpeter, R., 2008. Green IT: reduce your information system's environmental impact while adding to the bottom line. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  22. World Commission on Environment and Development ed., 1991. Our common future. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 13th edition.
Download


Paper Citation


in Harvard Style

Dick M., Naumann S. and Held A. (2010). GREEN WEB ENGINEERING - A Set of Principles to Support the Development and Operation of “Green” Websites and their Utilization during a Website’s Life Cycle . In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology - Volume 1: WEBIST, ISBN 978-989-674-025-2, pages 48-55. DOI: 10.5220/0002805200480055


in Bibtex Style

@conference{webist10,
author={Markus Dick and Stefan Naumann and Alexandra Held},
title={GREEN WEB ENGINEERING - A Set of Principles to Support the Development and Operation of “Green” Websites and their Utilization during a Website’s Life Cycle},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology - Volume 1: WEBIST,},
year={2010},
pages={48-55},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0002805200480055},
isbn={978-989-674-025-2},
}


in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technology - Volume 1: WEBIST,
TI - GREEN WEB ENGINEERING - A Set of Principles to Support the Development and Operation of “Green” Websites and their Utilization during a Website’s Life Cycle
SN - 978-989-674-025-2
AU - Dick M.
AU - Naumann S.
AU - Held A.
PY - 2010
SP - 48
EP - 55
DO - 10.5220/0002805200480055