AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR THE

IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTINOUS IMPROVEMENT

OF THE ROMANIAN SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE

Cristina Oana, Cristian Vasile and Lucian Zavate

Esri Romania SRL, Str. Roma 8, Bucharest, Romania

Keywords: Interoperability, Geoportal, SDI, Metadata, Standards, Discovery, Search, Web services, NSDI, Harvesting,

INSPIRE, Data sharing, Romania.

Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the first version of the Romanian NSDI GeoPortal. Geospatial data

availability, interoperability and integration remain is still a problem of the current spatial data

infrastructures (SDIs). The Romanian INIS GeoPortal, an ANCPI’s special IT project, has aimed to address

those challenges today. This online GeoPortal application enables easy, open, seamless, and on demand

discovery, access, retrieval, visualization and analysis of distributed geospatial data, information,

applications and web services from any member of the NSDI INIS Council. Challenges must still be

resolved, but a mature next release of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal will produce tremendous benefits for

the Romanian society and our National Spatial Data Infrastructure implementation.

1 INTRODUCTION

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal is designed to

facilitate the discovery and exchange geospatial data

resources to a broader community of users.

By the end of 2009, the National Center for

Geodesy, Cartography, Photogrammetry and

Remote Sensing completed a complex project which

is a major milestone of the NSDI building efforts

compliant with the INSPIRE Directive of the

European Union (2007/2/EC). These efforts

motivated us to develop the initial release of the

Romanian INIS GeoPortal by the National Agency

for Cadastre and Real Estate.

The associated growth in geospatial data

collection activities by the National Agency for

Cadastre and Real Estate and its subordinated

institutions and other government organizations has

a real potential and major benefits to improve

decision making process and operations at all

national levels through the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal application.

A centralized national metadata system and the

national geographic data system based on a uniform

reference data model and standards are provided via

the Romanian INIS GeoPortal application.

Web 2.0 era provides new principles and

technologies that facilitate information sharing and

collaboration and encourage user-generated content,

including bottom-up flow of information, open and

interoperable Web services, Web-oriented

architecture, mashups, geobrowsers, cloud

computing. All these technical advances are working

in favour of our National Spatial Data Infrastructure

(NSDI) implementation.

The feasibility and benefits of building the new

generation of our NSDI by expanding the use of the

Web 2.0 technologies are reflected also in our

initiative at the national level and demonstrated by

the success of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal

application.

The geospatial resources published in our online

Geoportal application are shared as open,

standardized and easy-to-consume Web services as

much as possible to facilitate being easily reused and

remixed via mashups, geobrowsers and other

applications.

The published Web services are made available

to other members of the NSDI INIS Council in

accordance to their access rights and to citizens

when appropriate, thus maximizing the value of the

existing geospatial resources.

With the Romanian INIS GeoPortal the search

time is reduced from days to seconds. As a broker

176

Oana C., Vasile C. and Zavate L..

AN INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION AND CONTINOUS IMPROVEMENT OF THE ROMANIAN SPATIAL DATA INFRAS-

TRUCTURE .

DOI: 10.5220/0003549601760183

In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS-2011), pages 176-183

ISBN: 978-989-8425-56-0

 2011 SCITEPRESS (Science and Technology Publications, Lda.)

between the INIS Council data providers and the

users, we do consider that our INIS GeoPortal

represents an important and highly visible

component of the National Spatial Data

Infrastructure, serving as the “face” of Romanian

Spatial Data Infrastructure.

2 INSPIRE DIRECTIVE AND

ACTIVITIES ON NSDI

DEVELOPMENT

2.1 Organizational Aspects

The National Agency for Cadastre and Real Estate

(ANCPI) is a state administrative organization

dealing with administrative and professional tasks

related to cadastre, geodesy, cartography, real estate,

remote sensing and spatial data infrastructure.

ANCPI is organized in Central Office, County

Offices of Cadastre and Real Estate and Local

Offices which are organized as decentralized public

services with headquarters in the municipality of

each county.

The National Center for Geodesy, Cartography,

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (CNGCFT) is

a public organization which is subordinated to

ANCPI. ANCPI represents Romania in

EuroGeographics organization as an active member

and developed the national datasets to support the

EuroBoundaryMap, EuroGlobalMap,

EuroRegionalMap and EuroDem projects.

During 2008-2010, the National Agency for

Cadastre and Real Estate was building the

ROManian POsitioning System (ROMPOS). The

national system is being built using the most

advanced GNSS technological solutions. ROMPOS

was launched on September 8

, 2008, and has

already been used by the professionals and other

commercial users from Romania.

The National Agency for Cadastre and Real

Estate was also one of the main initiators to support

SDI activities in Romania as part of the first

INSPIRE work group in 2005.

By the end of 2009, the National Center for

Geodesy, Cartography, Photogrammetry and

Remote Sensing (CNGCFT) completed a complex

project which is a major milestone of the NSDI

building efforts compliant with the INSPIRE.

CNGCFT’s efforts allowed ANCPI to define a

strategy and implement a centralized cartographic

and mapping production system which led to

establishing of Topographic Information System

(TOPRO5), at scale 1:5.000.

Through TOPRO5 project ANCPI standardized

the topographic datasets and has defined detailed

solutions of the national topographic information

system in domain of data models, metadata rules and

procedures, accuracy, ways of presentation,

topological rules and sharing methods.

2.2 National Legal Aspects

The "Law of Cadastre and Real Estate Publicity"

(Law no. 7/1996) represents an important law for the

NSDI implementation framework. It regulates the

activities in the domains of cadastre, geodesy and

cartography. ANCPI (former the National Office of

Cadastre, Geodesy and Cartography) was founded

by this law.

The ANCPI is a public institution which is

organized according to the Romanian Government

Decree No.1038/1996 and of its subsequent

modifications (Romanian Government Decree No.

98/1999). The ANCPI has been brought under the

Ministry of Interior and Public Administration on

July 1st, 2001. Before July 2001, the ANCPI was

linked to the Ministry of Agriculture. ANCPI’s role

in the central public administration is to organize,

manage and coordinate the cartography, geodesy,

photogrammetry, remote sensing and cadastre

activities at national level according to the legal

settlements in these domains.

Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament

and of the Council of 14

March 2007 establishing

an Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the

European Community (INSPIRE) entered into force

on the 15

May 2007 and operated by the 27

Member States of the European Union. The

transposition into the Romanian legislation was

January 2010 and is published in the Romanian

Official Journal on January 29

, 2010–OG 04/2010.

In the context of INSPIRE, an open and

transparent process for the national stakeholder

participation has been set up. Stakeholders are part

of the INIS Council which is under the coordination

of ANCPI as a Legal Mandated Organization in

INSPIRE.

INIS Council includes 19 organizations which

are composed of Technical Working Groups experts

for developing the technical specifications for each

spatial theme in annexes that they are responsible for

– Table 1. ANCPI plays a central role in reviewing

and testing the draft implementing rules and in

assessing their potential impacts in respects to both

costs and benefits.

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Table 1: INIS Council roles-key data themes addressed by

INSPIRE.

Responsible public

authority

Annex no. Spatial data theme

Ministry of Interior and

Public Administration -

ANCPI

I.1 Coordinate reference

systems

I.2 Geographical grid

systems

I.4 Administrative units

I.5 Address

I.6 Cadastral parcels

II.3 Orthoimagery

III.2 Buildings

III.6 Utility and

governmental services

Ministry of

Environment and

Forests

I.8 Hydrography

I.9 Protected sites

II.2 Land cover

III.7 Environmental

facilities

III.8 Production and

industrial facilities

III.11 Area

management/restriction/regulati

ons zones and reporting units

III.13 Atmospheric

conditions

III.16 Sea regions

III.17 Bio-geographical

regions

III.18 Habitats and

biotopes

III.19 Species distribution

Ministry of National

Defence

I.3 Geographical names

II.1 Elevation

Ministry of Agriculture

and Rural Development

III.3 Soil

III.9 Agricultural and

aquaculture facilities

National Institute of

Statistics

III.1 Statistical units

III.10 Population distribution -

demography

Ministry of Regional

Development and

Tourism

III.4 Land use

III.12 Natural risk zones

Ministry of

Transportation and

Infrastructure

I.7 Transport networks

Ministry of Education,

Research, Youth and

Sports

II.4 Geology

Ministry of Health

III.5 Human health and safety

Ministry of Economy,

Trade and the Business

Environment

III.20 Energy resources

National Agency

for Mineral Resources

III.21 Mineral resources

2.3 Challenges

An important challenge is to maintain a high level of

commitment of all stakeholders and their experts to

contribute to the development of INIS. This is not

trivial and requires a notable amount of expertise,

money, time and commitments as resources to

ensure a more effective implementation.

ANCPI is nominated as a contact point with the

European Commission and is in the process to set up

an appropriate coordinating mechanism inside INIS

Council. The difficult financial climate of this period

makes it potentially more challenging to support

investments in new IT infrastructures, education and

training services.

At the local level many public sector

administrations still have limited or no knowledge of

INSPIRE Directive due to an insufficient

dissemination efforts. We will see their local and

regional involvement to be more directly involved

when the data themes INIS’s organizations are

responsible for, mainly in Annex I and II are

addressed by INSPIRE.

2.3.1 Technical Challenges

Very few people understand or use the complexity

of the technical documentation of the INSPIRE

architecture. Even in using the guidelines for the

creation of metadata files that are compliant both

with the INSPIRE Implementing Rules for

Metadata, as well as relevant European and

international standards for geographic information

represent a technical challenge at this moment.

The capacity to sustain the training process,

technical competencies, consistence of training

materials and translation into Romanian language

have to be build up immediately. ANCPI have been

significant efforts in respect to the IT infrastructures

and signed an Enterprise License Agreement with

ESRI for three years to sustain coordination of the

INIS Council activities.

Another challenge during the implementation of

the Romanian INIS GeoPortal is creating and

hosting geospatial Web services requires more GIS

servers. Hosting Web services and keeping them

available with high performance and scalability

twenty-four hours a day requires appropriate

infrastructure. ANCPI is still in discussion to partner

with other government agency to have them host the

data as Web services or to have its data aggregated

to the partner’s infrastructure via real-time data

replication services or periodic ETL (extract,

transform, and load) processes.

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3 ROMANIAN INIS GEOPORTAL

3.1 Generalities

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal (Figure 1) developed

by ESRI Romania is designed to facilitate the

discovery and exchange geospatial data resources to

a broader community of users. By the end of 2009,

the National Center for Geodesy, Cartography,

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing completed a

complex project which is a major milestone of the

NSDI building efforts compliant with the INSPIRE.

Figure 1: Romanian INIS GeoPortal home page.

The first version of the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal provides access to the following

resources: Romanian Base Map-TopRo5, at 1:5.000

scale, orthophotos at 1:5.000 scale, raster datasets

including scanned maps, topographic maps and

digital elevation models, network services and

applications (Figure 2).

Figure 2: Romanian INIS GeoPortal – first published

resources.

Geographic data available covers most of the

themes of the INSPIRE Annexes I and II.

Orthopotos at 1:5.000 scale has been used free by all

public and local authorities, Ministry of Agriculture

for the Land Parcel Information System and

Ministry of Environment as a decision support for

the Natura2000 and the following environmental

sectors: nature conservation, industrial pollution

control and risk management, air quality and noise,

waste management and water quality.

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal connect users to

other databases, services and geoportal applications

and serve as a catalyst for advancing Spatial Data

Infrastructure activities in Romania.

The associated growth in geospatial data

collection activities by the National Agency for

Cadastre and Real Estate and its subordinated

institutions and other government organizations

from INIS Council has a real potential to improve

decision making process and operations at all

national levels.

3.2 Major Components

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal has four major

components: a) web site, b) accessibility, c) content

management and d) administration.

The web site component provides the functional

capabilities to publish and search metadata and

visualize and directly connect to geospatial datasets

and services over a distributed network.

The second component – accessibility - gives the

ability to explore, query and use environmental

datasets and services through metadata catalogue,

metadata search functionality, search results process

and different map viewers.

Inside the Romanian INIS GeoPortal was

developed a customized map viewer presented

below in Figure 3, dedicated for the INIS Council

users.

Figure 3: Romanian INIS GeoPortal – customized map

viewer.

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Content management of the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal allows INIS Council users to participate

in using XML files and the last component consists

of the user account management and geospatial

administration component.

There are four different types of users with

different roles accommodated by the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal: anonymous, registered, publisher and

administrator. In order to get access to the specific

functionalities or to save searches and publish

metadata, the user should be registered through a

unique account based on username and password. If

the user would like to request publisher access to the

Romanian INIS GeoPortal, it should use the

Feedback link to contact the GeoPortal

Administration.

The main goal of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal

is to provide a powerful tool that allows INIS

Council’s users to publish, discover and browse for

GIS resources. The GIS resources that are identified

in the first version of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal

are:

 Live Data and Maps - under this category are:

o ArcGIS Server Services: Geodata

Services; Mapping Services; Network

Services; Image Services; Geoprocessing

Services and Geometry Services;

o OGC Web Mapping Service;

 Data Source - under this category are: OGC

Web Feature Service; OGC Web Coverage

Service; Downloadable data and Offline data;

 Models and Tasks - under this category are:

ArcGIS Explorer Tasks; ArcGIS Toolbox and

OGC Web Processing Services;

 Map Files - under this category are: ArcMap

Document; ArcGIS Explorer Document;

ArcMap Layer and OGC WebMap Context

Document;

 Static Image Maps – under this category are:

Scanned maps and exported maps.

Figure 4: Romanian INIS GeoPortal published resources

available – Live data and maps.

3.3 Discovery Services

Searching through the INIS Geoportal's metadata

catalog is a quick way to find the data by the users.

If the users are registered in the Romanian

GeoPortal, it is possible to save their search criteria.

There are two search options available in the

Romanian INIS GeoPortal: a) basic and b)

advanced. The basic option (Figure 5) is accessed

directly from the GeoPortal home page and the

results will display in the search results page.

Figure 5: Romanian INIS Geoportal search type – basic

option.

The advanced search option provides more

search functionality - based on a text, spatial criteria

or combination of both criteria, enabling to define

more details for the user search.

Registered users in the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal have the option of saving the search

criteria so the search can be loaded again quickly in

the future by clicking the "My Saved Searches" link

and naming the search. Each returned record has

options associated with it.

The users could double click the metadata record

to expand its information section and see the

following options: Open, Preview, Website, Details,

Metadata, Zoom To and Thumbnails.

At the bottom of the search result page (Figure

6), there are six options: GEORSS, ATOM, HTML,

FRAGMENT, KML and JSON that enable users to

see their search results through the REST API.

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Figure 6: Romanian INIS GeoPortal search results – REST

API interface.

3.4 Metadata – Publish, Manage and

Access Rights

The success of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal

depends on the quality of metadata records it hosts.

The ISO standards – ISO 19115:2003 and ISO

19119:2005, respectively for metadata for datasets

and services are published and approved before it

can be discovered. Publishers can upload metadata

or create metadata to publish it to the Romanian

INIS GeoPortal.

At the moment of this published document, there

are approximately two hundred of metadata records

published. The validation is very important because

an invalid metadata will not be published. The

application schema for datasets and services used for

validation inside the Romanian INIS GeoPortal is

from ISO repository.

Figure 7: Romanian INIS GeoPortal – metadata.

Metadata is managed through the Administration

section in the Romanian INIS Geoportal. A

publisher user can only view and manage the records

he owns and the Geoportal administrator can view

and manage all the records uploaded by all

publishers and himself. Validation (Figure 9) is very

important because an invalid metadata will not be

published.

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal identifies the

standard and then use the record’s definition XML

file to determine what elements are mandatory. All

mandatory elements must be presented for the

document in order to be published to the Romanian

INIS GeoPortal.

Publishers registered to the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal designate what kinds of users see their

records in accordance to the access policy

configured by ANCPI and controlled at the record

level.

3.5 Data Download and

Transformation Services

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal allows the users to

download data from a published map service

through the Data Download interface.

This functionality is implemented by a tool

which allows the users to specify the layers of data

that want to be downloaded, the map projection of

the data, the output file format they want to receive

it, and the desired spatial extent.

The downloaded

data are emailed to the user in a zipped file.

Transformation services available in the

Romanian INIS GeoPortal during the first phase

allow users to: a) transform coordinates from one

coordinate system to another and b) to transform

data using Data Interoperability capabilities from

different data formats to another.

3.6 Testing INIS GeoPortal

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal was tested according

to test items and test cases described in the Test Plan

document. The test cases identification and design

has been designed to perform and analyse the

functional specifications and requirements, to

identify test items and to design test cases that

covered all test items.

The initial process of the Test Plan included

eleven test cases and several sub-test cases

consisting of:

 Basic user interface-oriented functions in the

browser window;

 Search metadata using specific criteria;

 Retrieval of metadata search results;

 Client map viewer functions;

 Client map viewer interoperability;

 Publish and retrieve metadata, as an

authenticated user;

 User related information management;

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 Metadata administration functions;

 Browser compatibility;

 Geoportal application server capabilities and

 Standards compliance for data and metadata.

During the testing process of the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal application has occurred only one failure

related to the multiplicity of the metadata element,

as defined in the INSPIRE implementing rules and

ISO 19115/19119. This issue is planned to be solved

this summer when ANCPI is launching the next

release of the Romanian INIS GeoPortal.

3.7 GeoPortal Case Studies

In Romania, there are several developed geoportals

that can be classified by their usage, theme or

content format.

This section presents three different Romanian

Geoportal designs that can be categorized as

personal (Table 2), organizational (Table 3) and

national (Table 4) implementation, depending on

their usage. By theme, these three case studies of

geoportals have more specific orientations such as

biodiversity, environmental policies and general

subjects. By format, these geoportals range from

only Web services to other formats and

combinations of data and Web services.

Table 2: Personal geoportal - design considerations.

Usage Personal geoportal

Address http://www.geoportal-mediu.ro

Characteristics Convenience and seamless

integration with the proprietary tools

that biodiversity community use are

focused. National standards are less

important.

Metadata Comply with ISO 19115/19119

standards.

Publishing

method

Online form, XML upload, batch

publishing and harvesting are

available.

Administration Automatic.

Security Varies with specific requirements

related to three levels: custodian,

Ministry of Environment and public

users.

Discovery

method

Search or browse.

Result ranking Not important due to a small

numbers of records.

Performance

tuning

Not an issue with the small number

of habitats and species records.

Table 3: Organizational geoportal - design considerations.

Usage Personal geoportal

Address http://www.roenv-geoportal.ro

Characteristics National and international standards

(ISO metadata and OGC Web

services) are important.

Metadata Comply with ISO 19115/19119

standards.

Publishing

method

Online form, XML upload, batch

publishing and harvesting are

available.

Administration Manage accounts and metadata.

Security Varies with specific requirements

related to four levels: anonymous,

registered, publisher and

administrator.

Discovery

method

Search or browse.

Result ranking Important.

Performance

tuning

Very important when the size of the

metadata catalog is increasing for

each of the following environmental

sectors (nature conservation,

industrial pollution control and risk

management, air quality and noise,

waste management and water

quality).

Table 4: National geoportal - design considerations.

Usage Personal geoportal

Address http://geoportal.ancpi.ro

Characteristics National standards and INSPIRE

Directive (ISO and OGC

international standards) are very

important.

Metadata Comply with ISO 19115/19119

/19139 standards.

Publishing

method

Online form, XML upload, batch

publishing and harvesting are

available.

Administration Automatic.

Security Varies with specific requirements

related to four levels: anonymous

(public users), registered (44 INIS

Council), publisher (15 INIS

Council) and administrator.

Discovery

method

Search is critical and browse is also

available.

Result ranking Very important. A search result may

return hundreds or more matching

records available.

Performance

tuning

Very important when the catalog is

increasing.

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4 CONCLUSIONS

One of the most important benefits of the Romanian

INIS GeoPortal is GeoRNS (Geographic Resources

Naming System) which assign a unique

identification number for a published geospatial

resource. The GeoRNS web service is available via

SOAP and REST interfaces. This novelty of the

developed geoportal application allows us

versioning and easy tracking of the published

geospatial resources.

The second phase of the development of the

Romanian INIS GeoPortal will address the

following issues:

 Sustainable efforts to complete the metadata

records describing all existing geospatial

information resources

 Harmonization of key spatial data themes

across INIS Council to support environmental

policies

 Agreements on network services and

technologies to discover, view, access and

download information resources

 Policy agreements on data sharing and access,

including electronic licensing and eCommerce

to support whole processes online

 Coordinating and monitoring Quality-of-

service mechanism at the national, local and

regional level

 Availability of the advanced transformation

services

 Advanced security and access control

The Romanian INIS GeoPortal implements a

framework that is standards-based, built on the

existing information technology standards and ISO

and OGC specifications and it is open/interoperable,

allowing choice of databases, hardware, networks,

GIS software and web browsers. It is scalable to

millions of users and creates horizontal and vertical

integration opportunities to discover and use of

geospatial data and web services.

Lessons learned from this application research

and new technologies in the future can improve the

quality of the geospatial Web services in support of

easy, fast, reliable, scalable and secure any

Geoportal application. This will serve to maximize

the return on geospatial investment for the

Romanian society as a whole.

The deployment of the Romanian INIS

GeoPortal will improve knowledge sharing, reduce

duplication of effort, direct people toward the best

available data, and improve the overall quality of

geospatial data and information of the National

Spatial Data Infrastructure.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions

and support from the National Agency for Cadastre

and Real Estate (ANCPI) and the National Center

for Geodesy, Cartography, Photogrammetry and

Remote Sensing (CNGCFT), in preparation of this

paper and the associated research.

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