The Effect of Exercise and Diet Interventions on Primary

Hypertension Patient

Yan-feng Zhang, Mei Wang and Dong-ming Wu

China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, 100061, China

1 RESEARCH PURPOSE

As the number of hypertension patients increases

sharply around the world, the prevention and

treatment of hypertension become particularly

prominent. In view of this, this study probes into the

combined intervention of exercise and diet for

primary hypertension patients, in order to provide

scientific basis for the promotion of hypertension

prevention.

2 RESEARCH METHODS

2.1 Research Object

Patients with primary hypertension who meet the

inclusion criteria in the outpatient department of the

hospital; patients, who voluntarily accept and are able

to satisfy the requirements of dietary intervention,

have not been treated with drugs at the first visit or

are in the stable phase for drugs taken (patients whose

antihypertensive drugs and sorts of drugs have been

adjusted in the latest 3 months).

In the end, 100 middle-aged and elderly subjects, 50

males and 50 females aged 40-69, were evenly

distributed among different age groups.

2.2 Experimental Methods

1. Preparations before experiment: before the

experiment, some medical examinations are

necessary to conduct so as to exclude the exercise

taboos of the people tested and understand their living

habits, diet conditions, medication and exercise

habits.

2. Implementation of intervention program:

Combined intervention, DASH dietary patterns and

5-7 times one-hour exercise (with five options of

brisk walking, dancing, running, gymnastics and

cycling) with moderate intensity, for 6 months are

conducted.

Principles of DASH diet: plenty of fruits, vegetables

and low-fat dairy products; reducing the intake of

food that are rich in saturated fat, cholesterol and

trans fat; appropriate amount of whole grains, poultry,

fish and nuts; control the intake of sodium, dessert,

sugary drinks and red meat. As for DASH diet,

reduction of sodium plays a key role. In addition to

standard DASH diet (daily intake of 2300mg), a low

sodium version (daily intake of 1500mg) is available

for different health needs.

3. Test indexes: (1) Index for the survey of basic

conditions: personal basic information, disease, daily

physical activity, drugs, and diet. (2) Blood pressure

monitoring. It should be completed by the same tester

and the cuff should be fixed on the right upper arm of

the patient. During the automatic test, the upper arm

should remain relatively steady to ensure the validity

of the data obtained; the test time is 8:00-10:00 am.

(3) Blood biochemical indexes. All subjects should

fast for more than 12 hours, and 5ml venous blood

sample should be taken the next morning for the test

of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), fasting

blood-glucose and other indicators.

4. Test instruments: (1) Glucometer produced by

Roche Group is used in fingertip blood glucose of

FBG; (2) the enzyme method is used in TC and TG.

2.3 Statistical Methods

The SPSS 10.0 statistical software is used to analyze

the one-way variance. The comparison between

groups and the paired t test before and after the

intervention are conducted for statistical analysis. The

difference was statistically significant with p<0.05.

Zhang Y., Wang M. and Wu D.

The Effect of Exercise and Diet Interventions on Primary Hypertension Patient.

In IcSPORTS 2017 - Extended Abstracts (icSPORTS 2017), pages 3-5

Table 1: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels (x + s) after intervention.

Systolic blood pressure

Diastolic blood pressure

Before intervention

After intervention

Before

intervention

After intervention

155.42±17.71

129.24±6.19

21.25

<0.0001

93.48±11.56

80.89±6.20

12.01

<0.001

Table 2: Blood glucose level (x + s) after the intervention.

Before intervention

After intervention

D-value

5.63± 1.20

5.15± 0.504

-0.48±0.90

6.23

<0.001

Table 3: Cholesterol level after intervention (x + s).

Before intervention

After intervention

D-value

5.10± 1.10

4.13± 0.24

-0.97± 1.01

17.55

<0.001

Table 4: Triglyceride level (x + s) after the intervention.

Before intervention

After intervention

D-value

2.13± 0.97

1.60± 0.43

-0.53± 0.64

11.62

<0.001

3 FINDINGS

3.1 Comparison of Blood Pressure

(mmHg) before and after

Intervention

After the intervention, the systolic blood pressure

decreases. There are significant differences between

the two groups before and after intervention with

p<0.001; diastolic blood pressure decreases afte

r intervention, and the difference was significant

before and after the intervention, with p<0.0001,

which is available in table 1.

3.2 Comparison of Blood Glucose

(mmol/L) Levels before and after

Intervention

There are significant difference in blood glucose

before and after intervention (t=6.23, P<0.001). After

intervention, blood sugar decreases by 0.48 + 0.90

mmol/L, and blood sugar in intervention group

decreases obviously, which is available in table 2.

3.3 Comparison of Cholesterol

(mmol/L) Levels before and after

Intervention

After intervention, the serum cholesterol level

decreases obviously, and the difference is significant

(17.55, P<0.001), which is available in table 3.

3.4 Comparison of Triglyceride

(mmol/L) Levels before and after

Intervention

After the intervention, the serum triglyceride level

decreases obviously, and the difference is significant

(t=11.62, P<0.001), which is available in table 4.

4 CONCLUSION

(1) Reducing the intake of cooking oil, salt and

livestock, and increasing the intake of vegetables,

fruits and low-fat dairy products are necessary and

effective measures for the prevention and treatment

of hypertension.

(2) Through balanced dietary intervention and

exercise, systolic blood pressure under

comprehensive intervention decreases significantly.

REFERENCES

WritingGroup of the PREMIER Collaborating Research

Group. Effects of com-prehensive lifestyle

modification on blood pressure contro:l Main results of

the PREMIER clinical tria.l [J]. JAMA, 2003, 289:

2083-2093.

Nowson CA,MorganTO,GibbonsC.Decreasing dietary

sodium while following a self-selected potassium-rich

diet reduces blood pressure[J]. JNutr, 2003, 133:4118-

4123.

He J, StreifferRH,MuntnerP, eta.l Effectofdietary fiber

intake on blood pres-sure:A randomized, double-blind,

placebo-controlled trial[ J]. J Hypertens, 2004, 22: 73-

80.

Dokholyan R,AlbertCM,AppelLJ, eta.l A trial of omega-3

fatty acids for pre-vention ofhypertension[J].Am

JCardio,l 2004, 93: 1041-1043.