Analysis of Local and Foreign Tourists Experience in Bandung

Sri Marhanah

Resort & Leisure Management Study Program, Faculty of Social Science Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl.

Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung, Indonesia

srimarhanah@upi.edu

Keywords: Local Tourist, Foreign Tourist, Tourism Experience.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze how the differences between foreign tourists and domestic tourists experiences

during their trip in Bandung. Problems in this research is how the perception of local tourists and foreign

tourist regarding tour. The population of this study is foreign tourists and domestic tourist who was or have

been traveling in Bandung. This research uses quantitative method using independent sample t-test. The result

of research shows that there are differences between perception of foreign tourists and the perception of local

tourists. There is a difference of tourist experience where foreign tourist is higher when compared with

domestic tourist.

1 INTRODUCTION

Bandung is one of the main tourism destinations in

West Java Province. Bandung has many interesting

places that become a tourist destination. Bandung has

an interesting tourisms such as nature tourism,

culinary tours, historical tours, and shopping tours.

Currently more than 70% Local Revenue Bandung is

achieved from the tourism sector. So Bandung City

Government increasingly and aggressively to market

the attractions of tourisms, not only to domestic

tourists, but also foreign tourists.

Bandung is tourist favorite destination, especially

during weekends and long vacation periods. As a

tourist destination, Bandung has a very diverse

tourism potential. Here is the distribution of tourism

in Bandung:

Figure 1: Distribution of Tourists in Bandung.

Source: www.tripadvisor.co.id.

Based on data figure 1 above can be concluded,

that tourists coming to Bandung come from various

regions in Indonesia. This indicates that Bandung is a

destination that is in great demand by tourists.

However, many factors that motivates tourists to

travel in Bandung. The author wants to compare how

the tourist experience is perceived by tourists both

foreign tourists and domestic tourists.

2 LITERATUR REVIEW

Tourism according to Marpaung (2002), tourism is

temporary travel by humans with the aim of getting

out of routine jobs, out of his residence While

according to Yoeti (1996) states, tourism is a travel

done for a while, the held from one place to another,

with the intent not for business or making a living in

the places visited, but solely to enjoy the journey for

the sake of sightseeing and recreation or to fulfill a

diverse desire ".

Smilansky (2009) states "People talk about

experiences every day because life is ultimately an

amalgamation of daily experiences. Experiences are

real. They are true life ". Experience is the main thing

of the life of consumers, for consumers consume not

only devouring or using products or services, but the

need for experience can be memorable when

consuming the product or service. Customer

experience or customer experience is also an

important need that needs to be provided by the

company.

According to Kotler and Keller (in Fandy

Tjiptono 2009) states, service is an act that can be

838

Marhanah, S.

Analysis of Local and Foreign Tourists Experience in Bandung.

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business, and Philanthropy (ICIEBP 2017) - Transforming Islamic Economy and Societies, pages 838-841

ISBN: 978-989-758-315-5

offered by a party to another party that basically

intangible (intangible). Meanwhile, according to

Zeithaml et al. (2009), all product services are

experience, some are on a long duration some others

simple, some are common while others are fun and

unique. According to Walter et al. (2010) Consumer

experience / customer experience is defined as the

experience gained by consumers either directly or

indirectly about the process of service, the company,

the facilities and how a consumer interacts with the

company and with other consumers.

Meanwhile, according to Meyer and Schwager,

(2007) in Rageh et al. (2013) Consumer experience is

defined as the internal and subjective response of

consumers who require contact with the company,

either direct or indirect contact. In a journal entitled

"using ethnography research method to reveal the

underlying dimensions of customer or tourist

experience", Rageh et al. (2013) states that there are

eight dimensions of customer experience is comfort,

educational, hedonic, novelty, recognition, relational,

beauty, and safety with the following explanation: 1).

Comfort intended; Longer customers, especially

stressing the importance of convenience for the

customer experience. Consumers lead to the basic

amenities that DTW provides to ensure comfort and

also create relaxation. The findings are in accordance

with the theories presented by Crompton (1979),

Shoemaker (1989), and Otto and Ritchie (1996)

(Rageh et al., 2013). 2). Educational; Educational

experience or "learning by playing", as it is called by

(Jan, 2006), includes a mixture of exploration, mental

stimulation and excitement (Jan, 2006). It is also

characterized by a voluntary nature when learners

have a real choice of what, where, when, how, and

with whom they are studying, and it is stimulated by

the needs and interests of learners, Jan (2006) in rageh

et al. (2013) has indicated that there is strong

evidence suggesting that the educational experience

that consumers are looking for is already available in

the tourism industry. 3). Hedonic, illustrated that

hedonic is essential to the customer experience in

hospitality and tourism context. The hedonic

dimension combines excitement, enjoyment and

memorability (Otto and Ritchie, 1996). The Hedonic

aspects of the consumption experience relate to the

intangibility of services provided in the context of

hotels such as adventure holidays, unforgettable food

or luxurious hotel environments (Titz, 2008). 4).

Novelty is about the uniqueness and novelty, in this

dimension indicates that they are looking for new

things as the need for experience. (Lee and Crompton,

1992 in Rageh et al., 2013). In the study identified

four dimensions of novelty namely; changing from

routine, sensation, boredom-alleviation, and surprise.

5). Recognition; Recognition refers to important

customer feelings (Otto and Ritchie, 1996). From

customer comments, it is clear that staff shows certain

types of behaviors that make them feel important.

Recognition is identified as an important factor of

service experience. 6). Safety; In this study, (Sharm

el Sheikh in Rageh et al., 2013) identified security

against territory. This is particularly evident in

reviews where customers refer to perceptions of

security and security in tourism areas (Fujii and Mak,

1980; Pizam and Mansfeld, 1996). 7). Beauty; Pine

and Gilmore (1999) suggest that people appreciate

experiences that instill a sense of beauty and

appreciation. According to the perception of tourists

the beauty is "an aspect of the idealistic experience in

which an object, sound, or concept is believed to have

a formal quality of perfection" (Hagman, 2002). With

a sense of beauty there is a feeling of wholeness,

pleasure, reducing anxiety, admiration, joy, optimism

and satisfaction (Hagman, 2002). The appearance of

beauty can be created by humans, as found in art,

rework, architecture, or beautiful terrain (Stebbins

and Cohen, 1997). 8). Relational; that is identifying

another important component of a traveler that is a

relational or relational experience involving people or

the use of the product with others (Anderson et al.,

2007). Relational experience is an important factor in

tourist reviews. The results tend to confirm that social

interaction is an integral part of their experience.

3 METHODOLOGY

The method used in this research is quantitative

method and using t-test method in analyzing data. The

quantitative method according to Sugiyono (2014), is

a research method based on the philosophy of

positivism, used to examine the population or specific

samples, data collection using research instruments,

analysis and quantitative/statistical, with the aim to

test the hypothesis that has been established. By

quantitative method can calculate whether there is

difference of perception between local tourists and

foreign tourists to tourist experience and calculation

using Independent Sample T-Test. Respondents in

this study is local tourist who was traveling in

Bandung and also foreign tourists who were traveling

in Bandung.

Analysis of Local and Foreign Tourists Experience in Bandung

839

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

4.1 Perception of Nusantara Tourists

Against Tourist Experience In

Bandung

Table 1: The Perception of Local Tourist on the Tourism

Experience.

Statement

Local tourists

Score

Percentage

Category

Comfort

276

39,43%

Low

Educational

136

68,00%

High

Hedonic

156

78,00%

High

Novelty

292

73,00%

High

Recognition

158

79,00%

High

Relational

230

76,67%

High

Safety

715

71,67%

High

Beauty

159

79,50%

High

Total

2.122

70,66%

Very

high

Table 4: Category of Foreign Tourists Perception

Simultaneously.

(2.122)

Very

high

Low

Medium

High

Very

high

500

900

1.300

1.700

2.100

2.500

Source: Research Preparation Data (2017)

Table 3 and table 4 is the result of the perception

of tourists to the experience of tourists showed an

average score of 2,122, which based on categorization

into the category very high. Can be concluded,

according to the perception of tourists to the

experience of tourists viewed from comfort,

education, beauty, new things are considered very

good by foreign tourists.

4.2 Comparison of Foreign Tourist and

Local Tourists on the Experience of

Tourism

Table 5: Independent Sample T-Test.

Source: Research Preparation Data (2017)

Based on the results of the test calculation, the

difference of two average data presented in table 6 is

known in the Levine Test for Equality of Variances

has a significance value of 0.340. (p> 0.05). It shows

that the two variance are the same, so the use of

variance to compare the mean of population (t-test for

Equality of Means) in t-test should be based on equal

variance assumed obtained t value equal to 3,775 and

significance level P = 0,000. The results show that P

<0.01, meaning there is a difference. It can be said

Table 3 .Independent Samples Test

Levine’s Test for

Equality of

Variances

t-test for Equality of Means

Sig.

Sig. (2-

tailed)

Mean

Difference

Std. Error

Difference

95% Confidence Interval of

the Difference

Lower

Upper

Score total

Equal variances

assumed

.922

.340

-3.775

.000

-4.05539

1.07415

-6.19385

-1.91692

Equal variances not

assumed

-4.042

36.959

.000

-4.05539

1.00336

-6.08847

-2.02231

ICIEBP 2017 - 1st International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business and Philanthropy

840

that the degree of difference between local tourists

and foreign tourists is fundamentally different.

Table 6: Independent Sample T-Test.

Source: Research Preparation Data (2017)

When viewed from the table above obtained the

mean value of local tourists of 29.3365 and foreign

tourists amounted to 33.3919. the value means the

average total score on the local tourists of 29.3365

and the average total score with foreign tourists

amounted to 33.3919. Thus it can be said that the level

of difference in foreign tourists is higher when

compared with local tourists.

5 CONCLUSIONS

According to the perception of domestic tourists to

the experience of tourists viewed from the comfort,

education, beauty, new things have been considered

good by local tourists. Can be concluded, according

to the perception of tourists to the experience of

tourists viewed from comfort, education, beauty, new

things are considered very good by foreign tourists.

Based on the results of research indicate that,

perception of domestic tourists are in the category of

being, while the perception of foreign tourists are in

high category. And the level of difference of foreign

tourists is higher when compared with domestic

tourists.

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Table 4. Group Statistics

research subject

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Score total

Local tourists

29.3365

4.28579

.55329

Foreign tourists

33.3919

3.74327

.83702

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