Figure 2. Zone of Growth Inhibition caused ethanolic
extract of M. malabathricum L flowers
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds. The
flavonoid derivative in the hydroxyl group in the β ring
is more active against microorganisms than in the 2-OH
group (Maftuch et al., 2016). This suggests that the
target of this component is a lipophilic compound
through a bacterial membrane. Flavonoids have the
ability to form complexes with soluble extracellular
proteins and bacterial cells (Bilal et al., 2017). There are
three mechanisms of flavonoids, which inhibit nucleic
acid synthesis, inhibit cytoplasmic membrane function
and inhibit energy metabolism (Maftuch et al., 2016).
Alkaloids form intercellate with double helix DNA
and uncouple respiration (Bilal et al., 2017). Tanin is a
phenolic polymeric compound. The antimicrobial
metabolism of tannins is associated with microbial
adhesion inactivation, enzyme cell envelope transport
protein, causing toxicity in bacterial filaments, and
tannins also bind to protein walls to inhibit bacterial
growth (Pandey and Kumar, 2013).
4 CONCLUSION
The differences in phytochemical content of leaves and
flowers of M. malabathricum L cause differences in
antibacterial activity
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks to the Medical Faculty of the University
Lambung Mangkurat Banjarmasin in South Borneo,
which has provided grants to this research
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