Authors:
Serhii Lehenchuk
1
;
Tetiana Vakaliuk
1
;
2
;
3
;
Tetiana P. Nazarenko
1
;
Zuzana Kubaščíková
4
and
Zuzana Juhászová
4
Affiliations:
1
Zhytomyr Polytechnic State University, 103 Chudnivsyka Str., Zhytomyr, 10005, Ukraine
;
2
Institute for Digitalisation of Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, 9 M. Berlynskoho Str., Kyiv, 04060, Ukraine
;
3
Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, 54 Gagarin Ave., Kryvyi Rih, 50086, Ukraine
;
4
University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1, 852 35 Petržalka, Slovakia
Keyword(s):
Intangible Assets, Intellectual Capital, Financial Performance, ICT Companies.
Abstract:
In the conditions of the knowledge economy, the financial performance of high-tech enterprises largely depends on the efficiency of the processes of creating and using intangible assets. To increase it, it is necessary to build an effective intangible investment policy, which should be based on an understanding of the role of certain types of intangible assets in increasing financial performance. The hypothesis of the study is the existence of a significant positive impact of intangible assets on the financial performance of ICT companies. A sample of 180 Slovak ICT companies for the period 2015–2019 has been investigated. The primary research method was the regression analysis of panel data, which was carried out using the GRETL software package. Four regression models were formed based on using such dependent variables as Return on Assets, Net Profit Margin, Assets Turnover, and Return on Equity. Each of the selected models included eight independent variables – Research and Develo
pment Intensity, Research and Development Intensity Squared, Software, Intellectual Property Rights, Acquired Intangible Assets, Leverage, Size, and Dummy variable for ICT sub-sectors. For each of the models, an estimate panel data parameter was chosen based on the F-statistics test, Breusch-Pagan test, and Hausman test (Model 1-3 – Pooled OLS model, Model 4 – Fixed Effects Method). Adequacy of each of the models to the generated data was checked on the basis of the Normality test, Autocorrelation test (Wooldridge test for autocorrelation), and Heteroscedasticity test (White test, Wald test). The hypothesis of the study was partially confirmed, since only RDI, RDI2 and AIA have a significant positive impact on the financial performance of Slovak ICT companies. The strength and direction of influence of independent variables vary depending on the indicator characterizing financial performance. Only the independent variable AIA has a permanent inverse effect on all indicators of financial performance of Slovak ICT companies. It was established that the level of influence of control variables on indicators of financial performance is partial and multidirectional, and applies only to certain types of them.
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