Authors:
Elvira Bondareva
1
;
Olga Parfenteva
2
and
Valentine Son’kin
3
Affiliations:
1
Institute and Museum of Anthropology, Moscow State University, Mokhovaya st, 11/1, Moscow and Russia
;
2
Moscow Center of Advanced Sports Technologies, Sovietskoi armii st, 6, Moscow and Russia
;
3
Moscow Center of Advanced Sports Technologies, Sovietskoi armii st, 6, Moscow, Russia, Russian State University of Physical Education, Sports, Youth, and Tourism, Sirenevyi blv. 4, Moscow and Russia
Keyword(s):
UCP, “Thrifty” Genotype, Athletes, Selection, Mitochondria, Metabolism.
Related
Ontology
Subjects/Areas/Topics:
Applied Physiology and Exercise
;
Health, Sports Performance and Support Technology
;
Sport Science Research and Technology
;
Training and Testing
Abstract:
Uncoupling protein (UCP) genes appear to be promising candidates for studying the effect of 'thrifty' genotypes on various aspects of modern human life, starting from susceptibility to obesity and cardiometabolic diseases and ending with sports talent. The study aims at studying directions of selection for polymorphic systems of the genes UCP1, UCP2 and UCP3 among athletes engaged in various sports. The study involved 268 people: 197 athletes (males: n=140; females: n=57) and 71 non-athletes as a control group (males: n=38; females: n=33). Buccal epithelium was used as a sample of biological material. Genomic DNA isolation and genotyping of samples for polymorphisms of UCP1 (rs1800592), UCP2 (rs660339), UCP3 (rs1800849) were performed at the premises of Lytech (Moscow). Differences in the distribution of genotype frequencies of the UCP1 and UCP2 genes between the subgroups within the sample of athletes are statistically significant (χ2 = 21.2 p = 0.006 and χ2 = 24.06 p = 0.002, respe
ctively). Among the athletes representing various kinds of sports, the subgroups of aerobic, mixed cyclic and team sports demonstrate the directional selection of carriers of 'thrifty' genotypes of the studied genes. The subgroup of martial arts is characterized by the opposite direction in selection.
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