Authors:
Y. Shmueli
and
A. Degani
Affiliation:
General Motors R&D, Israel
Keyword(s):
External HMI (eHMI), Multiple Resources Theory, Stimulus-Coding-Response Compatibility Principle.
Abstract:
In the last decade, substantial efforts have been dedicated to the problem of pedestrian’s encounter with driverless autonomous (L-4/5) vehicles. Different communication schemes, involving different design concepts, modalities, and communication formats have been conceived and developed to communicate and interact with pedestrians. It is expected that only a limited subset of these options, perhaps only one, will be selected as an international standard (with some allowance for branding and adaptations to different cultural norms and expectations). Naturally, the selection of the communication scheme has to rely on a valid theoretical foundation, not only to satisfy automotive regulatory agencies, but also as a precursor to a similar communication scheme for robots in the public space. In this paper, we provide an eight-step process which supports the development of an effective communication design. We use Wickens’ (1984, 2002) Multiple Resources Theory (MRT), as the theoretical fou
ndation for our work, and the Stimulus Coding Response (S-C-R) compatibility principle (Wickens et al. 1984) as an organizing principle for eHMI design.
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