Authors:
Telmo Cunha
1
;
Luiz Schirmer
2
;
João Marcos
1
and
Nuno Gonçalves
1
;
3
Affiliations:
1
Institute of Systems and Robotics, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
;
2
University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brazil
;
3
INCM Lab, Portuguese Mint and Official Printed Office, Lisbon, Portugal
Keyword(s):
Printer-Proof Steganography, Noise Simulation, Deep Learning, GAN.
Abstract:
In the modern era, images have emerged as powerful tools for concealing information, giving rise to innovative methods like watermarking and steganography, with end-to-end steganography solutions emerging in recent years. However, these new methods presented some issues regarding the hidden message and the decreased quality of images. This paper investigates the efficacy of noise simulation methods and deep learning methods to improve the resistance of steganography to printing. The research develops an end-to-end printer-proof steganography solution, with a particular focus on the development of a noise simulation module capable of overcoming distortions caused by the transmission of the print-scan medium. Through the development, several approaches are employed, from combining several sources of noise present in the physical environment during printing and capture by image sensors to the introduction of data augmentation techniques and self-supervised learning to improve and stabil
ize the resistance of the network. Through rigorous experimentation, a significant increase in the robustness of the network was obtained by adding noise combinations while maintaining the performance of the network. Thereby, these experiments conclusively demonstrated that noise simulation can provide a robust and efficient method to improve printer-proof steganography.
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