Authors:
Teffy Nuary
;
Sarah Mahri
and
Windy Keumala B.
Affiliation:
Deparment of Dermatology and Venereology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia/ Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Indonesia
Keyword(s):
Drugs induced hypersensitivity, adverse drug reaction, characteristics, eosinofilia, culprit drugs.
Abstract:
Drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a distinct, severe, idiosyncratic reaction to a drug
characterized by a prolonged latency period with cutaneous presentation and internal organ involvement. In
Asia, DIHS was reported to almost one tenth of adverse drug reaction cases, with a mortality rate ranged 3-
10%. The aim of this study are to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients with
DIHS and causative agents in Dermatology and Venereology Department Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
National General Hospital, Jakarta. This study is a descriptive study. Using medical records and electronic
health record of patients with DIHS were retrospectively reviewed. During 2014-2017 we identified 18
female, 14 male patients, with age range 14-87 years. Onset of the disease since exposed by culprit drugs
were 14-40 days.The most common underlying disease was accute infection disease (43,7%). The DIHS
clinical features and laboratory finding in this study are fever (9
3,7%), maculopapular rash (90,6%), target
lesions (12,5 %), facial oedema (21,5%), periorbital oedema (12,5%). lymph nodes enlargement (93,7%),
eosinofilia (31,2 %) , elevating of liver function (100%), and one patients (3,1%) showed kidney
involvement .The most common causative drugs were antibacterials (60 %). all patients, the causative drug
was discontinued and treated with systemic corticosteroids. As the conclusion DIHS is a severe drug
hypersensitivity reaction with prominent cutaneous and systemic manifestations. Dispite the limitations, this
study present some variations of DIHS clinical features and many other drugs that implicated.
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