Authors:
Gilles Kermarrec
and
Loic Plassart
Affiliation:
UEB University and European Center for Virtual Reality, France
Keyword(s):
Naturalistic Decision-Making, Intuition, Coordination, Training, Small-Sided Games, Implicit Vs Explicit
Learning, Soccer.
Abstract:
Since few years decision-making in team sports has been studied through a Naturalistic Decision-Making
(NDM) approach and advances from research on team sports performance led to pedagogical principles and
to tactical skills training strategies. Considering the need for coordinated and intuitive decision-making,
implications from NDM framework are discussed according to literature on tactical skills training in team
sports. For some years Small-Sided Games seems to be approved by a large majority of coach and
researchers. Nevertheless, while the Teaching-Games-For-Understanding’s (TGFU) pedagogical model
focused on explicit learning, the Led-Constraints approach led to implicit learning. A significant proposition
from our program of work is that there is a need for a wide range of decision-making processes in team
sports, so that a tactical skills training strategy should be based on a blend of implicit and explicit learning.
In this perspective, the 4P strategy (i.e., Posit
ioning; Practicing; Picturing; Post-analysing) is a four-step-strategy
designed by scientists and coaches in soccer. An empirical study has been conducted within
technological artefacts embedded into the 4P strategy. Results showed that youth players benefited from
technological aids because they highlight relevant configurations of play and help to share “pictures” during
small-sided games. This exploratory study suggested that the whole 4P strategy was well suited for intuitive
and coordinated decision-making enhancement.
(More)