![](bg7.png)
Figure 9: Results of the segmentation of the optic disk and
the macula. These images show the results in three cases
where the macula and optic disk were successfully located
and segmented.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This paper has been partly funded by the
Xunta de Galicia through the grant contract
PGIDIT05SIN001E.
REFERENCES
A. Lpez, D. Lloret, J. S. and Villanueva, L. (2000). Mul-
tilocal creaseness based on the level set extrinsic cur-
vature. Computer Vision and Image Understanding,
77:111–114.
Chanwimluang, T. and Fan, G. (2004). An efficient algo-
rithm for extraction of anatomical structures in reti-
nal images. IEEE International Conference on Image
Processing, 23:1093–1096.
Goldbaum, M., Moezzi, S., Taylor, A., Chatterjee, S., Boyd,
J., Hunter, E., and Jain, R. (1996). Automated diag-
nosis and image understanding with object extraction,
object classification, and inferencing in retinal images.
In Proceedings of the International Conference on Im-
age Processing, volume 3, pages 695–698.
Hu, Y.-L., Rogers, W. L., Coast, D. A., Kramer, C. M.,
and Reicheck, N. (1998). Vessel boundary extrac-
tion based on a global and local deformable physical
model with variable stiffness. Magnetic Resonance
Imaging, 16:943–951.
Lalonde, M., Beaulieu, M., and Gagnon, L. (2001). Fast and
robust optic disk detection using pyramidal decompo-
sition and hausdorff–based template matching. IEEE
Transaction on Medical Imaging, 20:1193–1200.
Larsen, H. W. (1976). The Ocular Fundus: A Color Atlas.
Munksgaard.
Li, H. and Chutatape, O. (2004). Automated feature ex-
traction in color retinal images by a model based
approach. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging,
51(2):246–254.
Lowell, J., Hunter, A., Steel, D., Basu, A., Ryder, R.,
Fletcher, E., and Kennedy, L. (2004). Optic nerve
head segmentation. IEEE Transactions on medical
Imaging, 23:256–264.
Mari˜no, C., Barreira, N., Penedo, M. G., Ortas, M., Doncel,
J. L., and G´omez-Ulla, F. (2007). Two stages optic
disc segmentation in digital retinal images. WSEAS
Transactions on Information Science and Applica-
tions, 4(4):771–778.
Mari˜no, C., Penedo, M. G., Penas, M., Carreora, M. J., and
Gonz´alez, F. (2006). Personal authentication using
digital retinal images. Pattern Analysis and Applica-
tions, (9):21–33.
Mendels, F., C., H., and J.P., T. (1999). Identification of
the optic disk boundary in retinal images using active
contours. Proceedings of the Irish Machine Vision and
Image Processing Conference, pages 103–115.
Pinz, A., Bern¨ogger, S., Datlinger, P., and Kruger, A.
(1998). Mapping the human retina. IEEE Transac-
tions on Medical Imaging, 17(4):606–619.
Sinthanayothin, C., Boyce, J., Cook, H., and Williamson, T.
(1999). Automated localisation of the optic disc, fovea
and retinal blood vessels from digital colour fundus
images. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 83:902–
910.
Staal, J., Abramoff, M., Niemeijer, M., Viergever, M., and
van Ginneken, B. (2004). Ridge based vessel segmen-
tation in color images of the retina. IEEE Transactions
on Medical Imaging, 23:501–509. See also
http:
//www.isi.uu.nl/Research/Databases/DRIVE/
.
CREST LINE AND CORRELATION FILTER BASED LOCATION OF THE MACULA IN DIGITAL RETINAL
IMAGES
527