RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT
OF ECOSYSTEM OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS
MEASUREMENT
Honglu Liu
School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044 Beijing, P.R. China
Xiaolan Guan, Junwei Feng
School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, 100044 Beijing, P.R. China
Keywords: Ecosystem of cyber-society, Coordinated development, Index system, Grey relational analysis.
Abstract: Similar to the general characteristics of the ecosystem, the cyber-society is also composed of a number of
interrelated and interactive elements. Therefore, to promote the health, orderly and rapid development of the
overall ecosystem of cyber-society, we must ensure the coordination development between the various system
elements, and make their structures and functions in a dynamic balance state of mutual adaptation and
coordination. Use the theories of Ecology and Synergetics, this paper considers the cyber-society as a typical
ecological system, and puts forward the concept of “coordinated development of ecosystem of cyber-society”
first and studies its content, requirements and measure method systemically, and then applies it to the
development of China ecosystem of cyber-society. It aims to provide new theories, ideas and methods for
human to understand, regulate and develop the cyber-society much better, and also make forward-looking
research and exploration to realize the coordinated development of the cyber-society.
1 INTRODUCTION
The concept of “Ecosystem of cyber-society” was
first proposed by Professor Zhenji Zhang in 2008 in
his monograph “Ecology of Cyber-society” (Zhang
and Zhang, 2008). Similar to the general
characteristics of the ecosystem, the cyber-society is
also composed of a number of interrelated and
interactive elements, has certain functional targets,
and there are certain limits with the outside world.
But it is not just the network system that emphasizes
on the technology people often referred to, it is a
large-scale system that composed of Internet users,
network infrastructures and network social
environment related to the development of the
cyber-society. It emphasizes the mutual relationships
and overall organics between the various elements in
this big system. As the only one intelligent element in
the Ecosystem of cyber-society, the Internet users
can achieve rational use of the network through its
own control, regulation and development, and play a
key role to the existence, development, and
expansion of the cyber-society; the network
infrastructures constitute a prerequisite for the
existence of the cyber-society, and is also a
necessary condition to its emergence, existence and
development; while the network social environment
is the concrete embodiment of the quality of Internet
users’ life, and the rich and full-featured web
applications are helpful to realize the demands of the
Internet users and promote the development of the
cyber-society. Only with the coordinated
development between the various system elements
and their structures and functions in a dynamic
balance state of mutual adaptation and coordination,
can promote the Ecosystem of cyber-society as a
whole to develop healthier, more orderly and
rapidly, otherwise it would cause great obstacles.
Therefore, how to ensure the coordination
development between the Internet users, network
infrastructure and network social environment has
become an urgent problem we need to study and
resolve.
Using the theories of Ecology and Synergetics,
137
Liu H., Guan X. and Feng J..
RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF ECOSYSTEM OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS MEASUREMENT.
DOI: 10.5220/0003487101370146
In Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS-2011), pages 137-146
ISBN: 978-989-8425-56-0
Copyright
c
 2011 SCITEPRESS (Science and Technology Publications, Lda.)

this paper considers the cyber-society as a typical
ecological system, and puts forward the concept of
“coordinated development of ecosystem of
cyber-society” first and studies its content,
requirements and measure method systemically, in
order to provide new theories, ideas and methods for
human to understand, regulate and develop the
cyber-society much better, and also make
forward-looking research and exploration to realize
its coordinated development.
2 BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW
Currently, among the literature can be found around
the world, although some scholars have put forward
the concept of ecological networks from different
perspectives and gradually realized the importance
of this research area, there is still very little
comprehensive and systematic research about the
cyber-society from the perspective of ecosystem.
And there is no literature that has proposed the
concept of “coordinated development of Ecosystem
of cyber-society” and studied its content,
requirements and measure method systemically from
the perspective of the ecosystem for the development
of cyber-society. It is a new research area.
As a complex giant system, the Ecosystem of
cyber-society includes all aspects of the
cyber-society. With the change of objectives, level
and scope of the research, the research about the
Ecosystem of cyber-society can be divided into the
following two different levels.
The first level is the macro level, which focuses
on the whole Ecosystem of cyber-society, and
researches its structure and function, formation and
evolution mechanisms, and the ecological balance of
the cyber-society from the perspective of ecosystem.
For example, Professor Zhenji Zhang has described
the cyber-society from the ecological point of view
systematically and analyzed the structure, properties,
mechanisms and other aspects of the Ecosystem of
cyber-society comprehensively in his monograph of
“Ecology of cyber-society”.
The second level is the micro level, which
researches the specific level of the Ecosystem of
cyber-society. For example, Lanlan Hu proposed the
concept of e-business ecosystem and discussed the
coordination mechanisms between the system
members (Hu and Lu, 2009); Libing Shen et al.
analyzed the sustainable development of the network
environment (2006), and so on.
In addition, the related research mainly focuses
on the sociology of network and social ecology. And
among them, different scholars have different views
about the concept of sociology of network, such as
the American social thinkers Manuel • Custer
pointed out that the network society is a new social
form of society that different from the reality , and
pointed out that “the network constructs the new
form of our society, and the spread of the network
logic has changed the operating result of production,
experience, rights and culture. And it is
characterized by social forms than the superiority of
social action” (2001); While Qi Gong considered the
network society as a virtual space of human and
human’s life, study and work in this alternative
space (2003). About the research on the sociology of
network, some scholars advocate classifying it into
the area of information science, while some other
scholars emphasize the unique features of the
network society in the media and dissemination, and
claim to study the evolution of the network society
from the perspective of media and dissemination,
and one of the representatives is an American scholar
Manuel • Custer.
The research on the social ecology started earlier.
Brown who comes from American Cornell
University had analyzed the human activities in
social life from the perspective of the natural
ecology (1979). Developed so far, the research of
this discipline gradually changes into two directions:
one is to analyze the phenomenon of human social
life using the related theories and methods of natural
ecology, such as the human activities, social
development and so on, and the other one is to
research the coordinated development between the
society, economics and resources quantitatively and
qualitatively based on the theory of ecology.
The concept of “coordinated development of
Ecosystem of cyber-society” that proposed in this
paper is a cross research between the above two
disciplines. It not only emphasizes on analyzing the
network space from a sociological perspective, but
also reflects the theory of coordinated development
in the ecology. Therefore, although the concept of
“coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society” is new, since that the research is a
frontier that based on the current disciplines and
research achievements, the development status and
trends of related disciplines are significant to this
research.
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3 THE COORDINATED
DEVELOPMENT
OF ECOSYSTEM
OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS
MEASUREMENT
3.1 Coordinated Development
of Ecosystem of Cyber-society
The coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society is the integration of the concept of
coordination and development that emphasizes on
the "holistic", "endogenous" and "comprehensive"
development. It refers to the overall process that
changes from simple to complex, from lower to
higher, and from disorder to order between the
system and its elements-the Internet users, network
infrastructures, and network social environment on
the basis of a virtuous cycle during the development
process, in order to achieve the simultaneous growth
of social, economic and environmental benefits of
the cyber-society. Here, the “development” is the
description of its movement direction, while
"coordination" refers to the constraints and
provisions on this development trend.
Analyze from the perspective of system theory,
the coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society mainly reflects in the following areas.
(1) Coordination of constitutes
The coordination of constitutes refers to the
integrity and rationality of the various elements of
Ecosystem of cyber-society, and it is a prerequisite
for the coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society. There is hierarchy in the constitute
coordination of the cyber-society. First of all, is the
self-coordination of the elements or subsystems in
the same level, and then followed by the
coordination between different elements in the same
level, or between the same kinds of elements in
different levels, or between different elements in
different levels. In the network social environment as
shown in Figure 1, this level takes the Internet users
as the core and is an organic system that composed
of the links between the Internet users and the other
elements (the network politics, economy and culture).
To ensure the constitute coordination, we have to
make sure the self-coordination of the Internet users,
material, spirit, and institution in the cyber-society,
and then make sure the coordination between the
Internet users and politics, culture, and economics in
the cyber-society.
Figure 1: The coordinated development between the
Internet users and network social environment.
(2) Coordination of structure
Structure is the sum of the temporal and
spatial arrangement and interaction between the
system elements and it is the factor that can
influences the system functions and attributes best.
Therefore, the structure coordination is the basic
condition that ensures the normal operation of the
system. The structure of Ecosystem of cyber-society
includes not only the relations between the various
subsystems in the scale, speed, direction of
development and so on, but also includes the
multi-dimensional space with hierarchy that
composed of groups in different social positions and
roles. The structure coordination of Ecosystem of
cyber-society mainly reflects in the following
aspects: the coordination coherence between the
Internet users and the network infrastructure,
network social environment in the development scale,
speed, and direction; the rationality in the size,
distribution, proportion between the Internet users
and the network infrastructure, network social
environment; the orderliness in the way of
connection, constraint, and control between the
different levels of social structure; the flexibility of
the overall structure of the cyber-society, etc.. The
structure coordination of Ecosystem of cyber-society
is helpful to reduce the friction within the system,
and maintain the balanced and stable relations
between the different levels of Ecosystem of
cyber-society.
(3) Coordination of functions
Structure and function are two aspects of any
system. The structure of Ecosystem of cyber-society
reveals the internal relations and roles of the system,
while the functions of the system show the external
relations and role. The Ecosystem of cyber-society
RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF ECOSYSTEM OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS
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139

can only rely on the system structure to integrate the
various elements into an organic whole, and to
achieve the functions through the linkages between
the various system elements. The function
coordination of Ecosystem of cyber-society not only
reflects in the role, impact and results to the Internet
users or the overall cyber-society due to the presence
and activities of the network infrastructure, network
social environment and so on, meeting the spiritual,
material and cultural needs of the Internet users, and
promoting the comprehensive development of the
Internet users positively, but also reflects in the
smooth flow of matter, energy and information
(mainly in the form of information) between the
cyber-society and the network social environments
to meet the needs of their own development for the
overall cyber-society and its various subsystems.
(4) Coordination of input and output
Any system is in a certain period of time and
space, in a certain environment, and has to
continuously exchange material and energy with
their environment in order to maintain system
stability. The Ecosystem of cyber-society can be
divided into the following two levels, that is to say
the cyber-society formed by the interaction between
the Internet users (such as the users, virtual
enterprise, e-government, etc.), and the network
infrastructure and network social environment (such
as the network politics, network economy, network
culture, etc.) that support the operation and
development of the cyber-society. And there is the
input-output relationship between the cyber-society
and the network infrastructure and network social
environment, that is, the flow of information. The
coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society not only emphasizes the coordination
between the different levels within the system, but
also emphasizes the stability of the input and output
between the cyber-society and the network
infrastructure and network social environment. It
promotes the coordination of input and output within
the Ecosystem of cyber-society through the
exchange of information with the external
environment by their own self-organization and
human factors.
(5) Coordination of time and space
The Ecosystem of cyber-society has the feature
of time and space, that is to say this system can not
only be the cyber-society that based on the global
Internet, but also can be the cyber-society that based
on the regional Internet. The cyber-society in any
region is also a part of the real society. The
Ecosystem of cyber-society is an open system, and
the coordinated development of any subsystems can
not leave their environment. They have to exchange
material, energy and information with their
environment and absorb negative entropy in order to
maintain the sound development of the system.
Moreover, the coordinated development of
Ecosystem of cyber-society only refers to the
coordination in a certain period, and the Ecosystem
of cyber-society has different forms of structure and
functions, different operation modes, and also
different objectives to achieve at different stages.
Thus, we can see that there is a relationship of
mutually reinforcing and inhibiting between the
various elements of Ecosystem of cyber-society
(Zhang, 2006). If the various system elements can
coordinate and promote each other and control the
factors that cause the uncoordinated between the
elements to a minimum range, then the Ecosystem of
cyber-society will develop healthily. While if various
system elements can’t develop coordinately, that is
to say the entropy of the system increases
continuously and at the same time the system can’t
absorb negative entropy from the external to keep
balance, then it will threaten the normal operation of
Ecosystem of cyber-society. Therefore, we need to
measure the coordinated development of Ecosystem
of cyber-society. Through the coordinated
development measurement of Ecosystem of
cyber-society, we can find out the problem, and then
promote the development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society in the direction, content, progress and
so on by using the scientific and effective measures
on the basis of complying with the development and
evolution of the system itself in order to meet the
needs of human development.
3.2 Construction of the Index System
Scientific construction of evaluation index system is
the key to objectively reflect and measure the
coordinated development of Ecosystem of
cyber-society. In the context of complying with the
principles of scientific, operational, practical,
independence and relevance and on the basis of in
reference to the related research results, such as the
research on the real social, demographic, economic
coordinated development, research on the
coordinated development of urban ecology systems
and the cyber-society (Chen, 2002; Zhang and Liu,
2009), combined with the relevant content of
“National Internet Development Survey Report”,
"China Internet Network Security Report", and
"China Informationization Almanac", this paper
constructs the index system as shown in Table 1,
mainly including the following three levels:
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subsystems of Internet users, network infrastructures,
and network social environment.
3.3 Measure Method
This paper will use the gray system model to
measure the coordinated development degree of the
Ecosystem of cyber-society. It is an analysis method
based on the grey relational analysis in the gray
system theory, and analysis by comparing the
distance between the reference point and the
points-based (Chen, 2008). It reflects the numerical
relationship between the subsystems of Ecosystem of
cyber-society when used in the subsystems of
Ecosystem of cyber-society. During the development
process of Ecosystem of cyber-society, if there is the
same change trend between two subsystems,
including the changes in size, direction, speed and so
on, then it shows that the degree of synchronous
changes between these two subsystems is higher and
their correlation is larger, otherwise their correlation
is lower (Chen, 2008; Tu, 2008).
The steps to measure the coordinated
development of Ecosystem of cyber-society using
the gray system coordination model are as follows.
Assume there is a time series with n factors:
(
)
{
}
()
{}
()
{}
(0)
11
(0)
22
(0)
, 1,2...,
, 1,2...,
... ...
, 1,2...,
nn
Xii N
Xii N
Xii N
=
=
=
Table1: The index system of the coordinated development of Ecosystem of Cyber-society.
Sub systems Level indicators Sub level indicators
Internet Users
Netizens The number of Internet users
Users structure
Average income levels
The average time spent online every week
Network Infrastructures Network Infrastructures
The number of IP Address
The number of Domain name
Byte count of the Internet pages
The Number of Internet pages
Site Number
Network bandwidth of the international export
Network Social Environment
Network Entertainment
Usage of online music
Usage of online game
Usage of online video
Access to Information
Usage of Web search engine
Usage of Network News
Communication
Usage of Web blog application
Usage of e-mail
Usage of instant messaging
Usage of BBS
Business Transactions
Usage of Online shopping
Usage of Internet banking
Usage of Network stocks
Online payment scale
E-commerce scale
Network Security
Number of host controlled by Trojans
Number of host controlled by Botnets
Number of sites been tampered
Vulnerability
Number of phishing incidents
RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF ECOSYSTEM OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS
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141

Here,
12
, ... ...
n
NN Nare natural numbers, and their
values can be equal or may not equal; at the same
time we assume the
()
(0)
00
1, 2. ..,
X
ii N=
as the
parent sequence, while the
()
(0)
1, 2...,
k
X
ik n=
as
the child sequence. The grey relational analysis is to
study the correlation degree between the
n
child
sequences and the parent sequence
(
)
{
}
(0)
0
Xi
(Tu,
2008).
(1) Accumulate the value of each factor at
different time points, and get new time series.
(2) Standardize the value of new time series:
1
()
1
,(),1,2...,
N
kk
i
k
Xi
x
Xik n
N
x
=
==
∑
Get the sequence of standard value:
1
2
{ ( )}, 1, 2...,
{ ( )}, 1, 2...,
... ...
{ ( )}, 1, 2...,
n
x
ii N
x
ii N
x
ii N
=
=
=
Change it into a standard matrix:
11 1
22 1
(1) (2) ... ( )
(1) ( 2) ... ( )
... ... ... ...
(1) ( 2) ... ( )
nn n
x
xxN
x
xxN
x
xxN
⎡⎤
⎢⎥
⎢⎥
⎢⎥
⎢⎥
⎢⎥
⎣⎦
(3) Calculate the difference sequence and its
maximum and minimum using the following
formula:
,
() () ()
ij j k
ixixiΔ= −
1
1
max{ ( )} (max)
ij
iN
jn
i
≤≤
≤≤
Δ=Δ
1
1
min{ ( )} (min)
ij
iN
jn
i
≤≤
≤≤
Δ=Δ
(4) Calculate the correlation degree between
j
X
and
k
X
:
(min) (max)
()
() (max)
jj
ij
ij j
i
i
ρ
ε
ρ
Δ+Δ
=
Δ+Δ
Here,
ρ
refers to the identification coefficient,
and it can take any number between 0 and 1 (usually
between values of 0.1 to 0.5).
ρ
reflects the
difference between correlation coefficients.
Coordination coefficient
()
ij
i
ε
is a positive number
less than 1, and it reflects the correlation degree
between the child sequence
i
X
and the parent
sequence
0
X
at the period of k .
(5) Calculate the coordination degree between
j
X
and
k
X
:
1
1
()
N
ij jk
i
ri
N
ε
=
=
∑
(6) Construct the coordination degree matrix:
11 12 1
21 22 2
12
...
...
... ... ... ...
...
n
n
nn nn
rr r
rr r
rr r
⎡
⎤
⎢
⎥
⎢
⎥
⎢
⎥
⎢
⎥
⎢
⎥
⎣
⎦
The coordination degree reflects the value of
coordination level between the three subsystems of
the Internet users, network infrastructure and
network social environment. The greater the value is,
the higher degree of coordinated development
between the three subsystems is, otherwise the lower
degree of coordinated development. According to the
analysis on the existing research literature about the
coordinated development measurement of the real
social system, this paper proposes the grading
standards to the coordinated development degree
between the three subsystems of the Internet users,
network infrastructure and network social
environment. It can be divided into five levels, as
shown in Table 2.
It should be noted that while the gray relational
analysis is based on the data analysis of past few
years, so the analysis result is the comprehensive
measurement of coordinated development of years,
rather than the coordinated development over the
years.
4 APPLICATION RESEARCH ON
THE COORDINATED
DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA
ECOSYSTEM OF
CYBER-SOCIETY
4.1 Development Status of China
Ecosystem of Cyber-Society
At the end of 2009, the scale of Chinese Internet
users has reached 384 million, which has increased
28.9% compared with 2008, and the proportion in
the total population has also grown from 22.6% to
28.9%. The Internet penetration rate maintains a
steady upward trend. At the same time, the network
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Table 2: The coordination degree grading standards.
Coordinated development degree [0-0.39] [0.4-0.49] [0.5-0.69] [0.7-0.89] [0.9-1]
Coordination Level Imbalance Brink of disorder
Primary
coordination
Good
coordination
Excellent
coordination
Table 3: Relevant statistical data of China Ecosystem of cyber-society from 2005 to 2009.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
The number of Internet users (ten thousand)
1
X
11100 13700 21000 29800 38400
Average income levels
2
X
1538 1496 1522 1631 1724
The average time spent online every week
3
X
15.9 16.9 16.4 16.6 18.7
The number of IP Address (ten thousand)
4
X
7439 9802 13527 18127 23245
The number of Domain name (ten thousand)
5
X
259 411 1193 1683 1681
Byte count in the Internet pages (GB)
6
X
67300 122306 198348 438898 1010848
The Number of Internet pages (Hundred million)
7
X
26 45 85 161 336
Site Number (ten thousand)
8
X
69 84 150 288 323
Network bandwidth of the international export (M)
9
X
136106 256696 368927 640287 866367
Usage of online music
10
X
38.3% 34.4% 86.6% 83.7% 83.5%
Usage of online game
11
X
33.2% 26.6% 59.3% 62.8% 68.9%
Usage of online video
12
X
37.1% 36.3% 76.9% 67.7% 62.6%
Usage of Web search engine
13
X
65.7% 51.5% 72.4% 68.0% 73.3%
Usage of Network News
14
X
67.9% 53.5% 73.6% 78.5% 8.1%
Usage of Web blog application
15
X
14.2% 25.3% 23.5% 54.3% 57.7%
Usage of e-mail
16
X
64.7% 56.1% 56.5% 56.8% 56.8%
Usage of instant messaging
17
X
41.9% 34.5% 81.4% 75.3% 70.9%
Usage of BBS
18
X
41.6% 36.9% 38.8% 30.7% 30.5%
Usage of Online shopping
19
X
24.5% 23.6% 22.1% 24.8% 28.1%
Usage of Internet banking
20
X
14.1% 10.5% 19.25 19.3% 24.5%
Usage of Network stocks
21
X
14.1% 10.5% 18.2% 11.4% 14.85
Online payment scale (Hundred million)
22
X
161 320 976 2743 5766
E-commerce scale (Billion)
23
X
0.7 1.5 2.2 3.1 3.6
Number of host controlled by Trojans (ten thousand)
24
X
2.3 4.5 99.5 56.6 26.2
Number of host controlled by Botnets (ten thousand)
25
X
1200 1000 362.5 123.7 83.7
Number of sites been tampered (ten thousand)
26
X
1.4 2.4 6.1 5.4 4.2
Vulnerability
27
X
75 87 104 101 133
Number of phishing incidents
28
X
400 563 1326 1227 1200
infrastructures expand, the network applications
enrich and functions improved constantly. Relevant
statistical data are shown in Table 3.

4.2 Determine the Index Weights
Using the SPSS statistical software (SPSS will
automatically standardize the data and eliminate the
dimension of data) and principal component analysis
(Zhang, 2006; Luo, 2004; Wu and li, 2007), we can
determine the main components of each subsystem
in the Ecosystem of cyber-society and the
corresponding weight. The score models of each
subsystem are as follows.
(1) The score model of Internet users is:
RESEARCH ON THE COORDINATED DEVELOPMENT OF ECOSYSTEM OF CYBER-SOCIETY AND ITS
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123
0.59 0.59 0.55
F
ZX ZX ZX=++
Here,
i
Z
X represents the data of index
i
X
after
standardization.
(2) The composite score model of network
infrastructures is:
456789
0.42 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.41 0.42FZXZXZXZXZXZX=+++++
(3) The composite score model of network social
environment is:
10 11 12 13 14 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28
0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22 0.03 0.07
0.22 0.09 0.04 0.21 0.17 0.14 0.16
0.17 0.14 0.16 0.17 0.19
FZXZXZXZXZXZX
Z
XZXZXZX ZXZXZX
ZX ZX ZX ZX ZX
=+++−−+
−+++++
−+ − − −
4.3 Measurement of the Coordinated
Development Degree based on the
Grey Relational Analysis
(1) Calculate composite score of each subsystem for
each year
According to the composite score models in 4.2,
we can calculate the composite score of each
subsystem for each year, as shown in Table 4. There
are positive and negative in the results of the
principal component analysis. It indicates that it’s an
above-average score if the score is positive,
otherwise it’s lower than average. And as the
correlation model requires that there should be a
rising trend after data accumulation, so we add 3 to
each composite score of three subsystems in order to
ensure that all scores are positive, but also will not
change the trend of time series of the system
composite score at the same time, shown as Table 5.
(2) Calculate the cumulative value of three
subsystems,
as shown in Table 6.
(3) Calculate the standard value of three
subsystems
, as shown in Table 7.
(4) Get the coordination matrix between the three
subsystems, as shown in Table 9.
Based on the same calculation steps, we can also
conclude the correlation coefficient and coordination
degree between the network infrastructures and other
subsystems, and also the correlation coefficient and
coordination degree between the network social
environment and other subsystems, and then
construct the coordination degree matrix between the
three subsystems, as shown in Table 10.
4.4 Result Analysis
Through the research on the coordinated
Table 4: The composite score of each subsystem from 2005 to 2009.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Internet Users (
1
X )
-1.39901 -1.01291 -0.72761 0.51531 2.624217
Network Infrastructures (
2
X
)
-2.4116 -1.82661 -0.53348 1.415571 3.356124
Network Social Environment (
3
X )
-2.81256 -2.54656 1.385872 1.42078 2.552455
Table 5: The corrected composite score of each subsystem from 2005 to 2009.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Internet Users (
1
X )
1.600985 1.987088 2.272394 3.51531 5.624217
Network Infrastructures (
2
X )
0.588402 1.173392 2.466516 4.415571 6.356124
Network Social Environment (
3
X
)
0.187444 0.453444 4.385872 4.42078 5.552455
Table 6: The cumulative value of three subsystems from 2005-2009.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Internet Users (
1
X
)
1.600985 3.588073 5.860467 9.375778 14.999995
Network Infrastructures (
2
X
)
0.588402 1.761793 4.228309 8.64388 15.000004
Network Social Environment (
3
X
)
0.187444 0.640888 5.02676 9.44754 14.999995
Table 7: The standard value of the cumulative value of three subsystems from 2005-2009.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Internet Users (
1
X
)
0.225966 0.506428 0.827158 1.323317 2.117130144
Network Infrastructures (
2
X
)
0.097345 0.291472 0.699533 1.430046 2.481604549
Network Social Environment (
3
X
)
0.030929 0.105748 0.829426 1.558865 2.475032246
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Table 8: The absolute difference
1k
Δ
between the Internet Users and other subsystems.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
min
max
12
Δ
0 0.086336 0.000995 0.235350 0.493095 0 0.493095
13
Δ 0 0.205642 0.197306 0.430586 0.552940 0 0.552940
min
0 0
max
0.552940
Table 9: The correlation coefficient
1k
λ
and coordination degree
1k
r between the Internet Users and other subsystems.
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
1k
r
12
λ
1 0.762034 0.996414 0.540170 0.359255 0.731574
13
λ
1 0.762034 0.996414 0.540170 0.359255 0.731574
Table 10: The coordination degree matrix between the three subsystems.
Internet Users
(
1
X
)
Network Infrastructures
(
2
X
)
Network Social Environment
(
3
X
)
Internet Users (
1
X
)
1 0.731574 0.576270
Network Infrastructures (
2
X
)
0.731574 1 0.738298
Network Social Environment (
3
X
)
0.576270 0.738298 1
development measurement of China’s three
subsystems of Internet users, network infrastructures
and network social environment from 2005 to 2009,
we found that the coordinated development degree
between the Internet users and network
infrastructures, and the coordinated development
degree between the network infrastructures and
network social environment are in the level of "good
coordination". It indicates that the development of
network infrastructures supports the development of
Internet users and network social environment well,
and the growth of Internet users and their utilization
level of Internet are in the bearer level of network
infrastructures. While the coordinated development
degree between the Internet users and network social
environment is in the level of "primary coordination",
and it indicates that there is a phenomenon of lack of
coordination between the Internet users and network
social environment to a certain degree. This kind of
mismatch may come from the threaten that brought
by the network security to the network social
environment, or the growth rate of Internet users can
not meet the utilization capability improvement of
the network applications, and so on. Overall, the
current development between the China’s three
subsystems of Internet users, network infrastructures
and social environment is in the state of
coordination.
5 CONCLUSIONS
By using the theory of the network sociology, social
ecology and synergetics, this paper first proposed the
concept of “coordinated development of Ecosystem
of cyber-society”, constructed a relatively complete
index system, and carried out qualitative and
quantitative analysis on whether there is
coordination on the development speed, direction
and scale between the three subsystems of Internet
users, network infrastructures and network social
environment, and then apply it to the development of
China ecosystem of cyber-society. As a new research
field, this paper will lay the foundation for further
study of the future. While at the same time, there are
still many deficiencies yet to be revised and
improved due to the limitation of relevant research
data we can learn from.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work is supported by the Science and
Technology Innovation Funds of Beijing Jiaotong
University for outstanding Ph.Ds (No.141101522)
and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central
Universities (No. 2009YJS035).
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MEASUREMENT
145

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