A Robot Waiter that Predicts Events by High-level Scene Interpretation

Jos Lehmann, Bernd Neumann, Wilfried Bohlken, Lothar Hotz

2014

Abstract

Being able to predict events and occurrences which may arise from a current situation is a desirable capability of an intelligent agent. In this paper, we show that a high-level scene interpretation system, implemented as part of a comprehensive robotic system in the RACE project, can also be used for prediction. This way, the robot can foresee possible developments of the environment and the effect they may have on its activities. As a guiding example, we consider a robot acting as a waiter in a restaurant and the task of predicting possible occurrences and courses of action, e.g. when serving a coffee to a guest. Our approach requires that the robot possesses conceptual knowledge about occurrences in the restaurant and its own activities, represented in the standardized ontology language OWL and augmented by constraints using SWRL. Conceptual knowledge may be acquired by conceptualizing experiences collected in the robot’s memory. Predictions are generated by a model-construction process which seeks to explain evidence as parts of such conceptual knowledge, this way generating possible future developments. The experimental results show, among others, the prediction of possible obstacle situations and their effect on the robot actions and estimated execution times.

References

  1. Baader, F., Lippmann, M., and Liu, H. (2010). Using causal relationships to deal with the ramification problem in action formalisms based on description logics. In Fermüller, C. G. and Voronkov, A., editors, LPAR (Yogyakarta), volume 6397 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 82-96. Springer.
  2. Bohlken, W., Koopmann, P., Hotz, L., and Neumann, B. (2013). Towards ontology-based realtime behaviour interpretation. In Guesgen, H. and Marsland, S., editors, Human Behavior Recognition Technologies: Intelligent Applications for Monitoring and Security, IGI Global, pages 33-64.
  3. Bohlken, W., Koopmann, P., and Neumann, B. (2011). Scenior: Ontology-based interpretation of aircraft service activities - fbi-hh-b-297/11. Technical report, University of Hamburg, Department of Informatics Cognitive Systems Laboratory.
  4. Chen, L. and Nugent, C. (2009). Ontology-based activity recognition in intelligent pervasive environments. Int. J. Web Inf. Syst., 5(4):410-430.
  5. Cohn, A. G., Magee, D. R., Galata, A., Hogg, D., and Hazarika, S. M. (2003). Towards an architecture for cognitive vision using qualitative spatio-temporal representations and abduction. In Freksa, C., Brauer, W., Habel, C., and Wender, K. F., editors, Spatial Cognition, volume 2685 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 232-248. Springer.
  6. Neumann, B. and Möller, R. (2006). On scene interpretation with description logics. In Cognitive Vision Systems, pages 247-275.
  7. Reiter, R. and Mackworth, A. K. (1989). A logical framework for depiction and image interpretation. Artif. Intell., 41(2):125-155.
  8. Riboni, D. and Bettini, C. (2012). Private context-aware recommendation of points of interest: An initial investigation. In PerCom Workshops, pages 584-589. IEEE.
  9. Shanahan, M. (2005). Perception as abduction: Turning sensor data into meaningful representation. Cognitive Science, 29(1):103-134.
  10. Thielscher, M. (2011). A unifying action calculus. Artif. Intell., 175(1):120-141.
Download


Paper Citation


in Harvard Style

Lehmann J., Neumann B., Bohlken W. and Hotz L. (2014). A Robot Waiter that Predicts Events by High-level Scene Interpretation . In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 1: ICAART, ISBN 978-989-758-015-4, pages 469-476. DOI: 10.5220/0004819704690476


in Bibtex Style

@conference{icaart14,
author={Jos Lehmann and Bernd Neumann and Wilfried Bohlken and Lothar Hotz},
title={A Robot Waiter that Predicts Events by High-level Scene Interpretation},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 1: ICAART,},
year={2014},
pages={469-476},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0004819704690476},
isbn={978-989-758-015-4},
}


in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 1: ICAART,
TI - A Robot Waiter that Predicts Events by High-level Scene Interpretation
SN - 978-989-758-015-4
AU - Lehmann J.
AU - Neumann B.
AU - Bohlken W.
AU - Hotz L.
PY - 2014
SP - 469
EP - 476
DO - 10.5220/0004819704690476