Anywhere but Here - Enron’s Emails in the Midst of a Crisis

Corey Taylor, Richard Leibbrandt, David Powers

2015

Abstract

The emotional states of employees under stress are likely to manifest themselves in ways other in inter-personal interactions, namely, emails. The Enron Email Corpus was mined by both supervised and unsupervised methods to determine the degree to which this was true for Enron employees whilst the corporation was under investigation. Changes in language patterns were then compared against the timelines of the investigation. The method as described validates both the use of a subset of a very large corpus and the use of tagging methods to understand the patterns in various phrase types as used by Enron employees.

References

  1. Blei, D. (2012). Probabilistic Topic Models. Communications of the ACM , 55 (4), 77-84.
  2. Buys, N. M. (2010). Employees' Perceptions of the Management of Workplace Stress. International Journal of Disability Management, 5 (2), 25-31.
  3. Chapanond, A. K. (2005). Graph Theoretic and Spectral Analysis of Enron Email Data. Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 11, 265-281.
  4. Chekina, L. G. (2013). Exploiting label dependencies for improved sample complexity. Machine Learning, 91, 1-42.
  5. Dahl, C. (2004). Pipe Dreams: Greed, Ego, and the Death of Enron/Anatomy of Greed: The Energy Journal, 25 (4), 115-134.
  6. Diesner, J. C. (2008). Conditional random fields for entity extraction and ontological text coding. Computer and Mathematical Organisation Theory, 14, 248-262.
  7. Diesner, J. F. (2005). Communication Networks from the Enron Email Corpus “It's Always About the People. Enron is no Different". Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory, 11, 201-228.
  8. Dreijer, J. H. (2013). Left ventricular segmentation from MRI datasets with edge modelling conditional random fields . BMC Medical Imaging, 13, 1-24.
  9. El Shikieri, A. M. (2012). Factors Associated with Occupational Stress and Their Effects on Organizational Performance in a Sudanese University . Creative Education , 3 (1), 134-144.
  10. Hayashida, M. K. (2013). Prediction of protein-RNA residue-base contacts using two-dimensional conditional random field with the lasso . BMC Systems Biology, 7 (Suppl 2), 1-11.
  11. Hurley-Hanson, A. G. (2011). The Effect of the Attacks of 9/11 on Organizational Policies, Employee Attitudes and Workers' Psychological States. American Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 3 (2), 377- 389.
  12. Hutton, A. L. (2006). Crowdsourcing Evaluations of Classifier Interpretability. AAAI Technical Report SS12-06 Wisdom of the Crowd, 21-26.
  13. Jahanian, R. T. (2012). Stress Management in the Workplace. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences , 1 (6), 1-9.
  14. Keila, P. S. (2005). Structure in the Enron Email Dataset. Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory , 11, 183-199.
  15. Klimt, B. Y. (2005). Introducing the Enron Corpus. 2.
  16. Le-Hong, P. P.-H.-T. (2006). On the Effect of the Label Bias Problem in Part-Of-Speech Tagging. Computing and Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future, 103-108.
  17. McCallum, A. (2002). MALLET: A Machine Learning for Language Toolkit. http://mallet.cs.umass.edu .
  18. Ozcaglar, C. (2008). CLASSIFICATION OF EMAIL MESSAGES INTO TOPICS USING LATENT DIRICHLET ALLOCATION. MSc. thesis, 1-37.
  19. Pearson, C. A. (2001). When Workers Flout Convention: A Study of Workplace Incivility. Human Relations , 54 (11), 1387-1419.
  20. Priebe, C. C. (2005). Scan Statistics on Enron Graphs. Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory , 11, 229-247.
  21. Robinson, S. (2009). The Nature of Responsibility in a Professional Setting. Journal of Business Ethics, 88, 11-19.
  22. Schieman, S. W. (2006). The Nature of Work and the Stress of Higher Status. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour , 47 (3), 242-257.
  23. Schneider, K.-M. (2006). Information extraction from calls for papers with conditional random fields and layout features . Artificial Intelligence Review, 25, 67- 77.
  24. Smith, A. (2001). Perceptions of Stress At Work. Human Resource Management Journal, 11 (4), 74-86.
  25. Steyvers, M. G. (2006). Probabilistic Topics Models. In L. Erlbaum, Latent Semantic Analysis: A Road to Meaning (pp. 1-15).
  26. Styler, W. (2011). The Enronsent Corpus. University of Colorado - Boulder , 1-7.
  27. Sun, C. G. (2007). Rich features based Conditional Random Fields for biological named entities recognition . Computers in Biology and Medicine, 37, 1327-1333.
  28. Sun, X. H.-Y. (2011). Chinese New Word Identification: A Latent Discriminative Model with Global Features . Journal of Computer Science and Technology, 26 (1), 14-24.
  29. Walinga, J. R. (2013). Transforming stress in complex work environments Exploring the capabilities of middle managers in the public sector . International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 6 (1), 66- 88.
  30. Wallach, H. (2001). Efficient Training of Conditional Random Fields. Masters's thesis, 1-8.
  31. Wu, J. L. (2010). Chunk Parsing and Entity Relation Extracting to Chinese Text by Using Conditional Random Fields Model. Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems & Applications, 2, 139-146.
Download


Paper Citation


in Harvard Style

Taylor C., Leibbrandt R. and Powers D. (2015). Anywhere but Here - Enron’s Emails in the Midst of a Crisis . In Proceedings of the International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART, ISBN 978-989-758-074-1, pages 247-253. DOI: 10.5220/0005174502470253


in Bibtex Style

@conference{icaart15,
author={Corey Taylor and Richard Leibbrandt and David Powers},
title={Anywhere but Here - Enron’s Emails in the Midst of a Crisis},
booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART,},
year={2015},
pages={247-253},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0005174502470253},
isbn={978-989-758-074-1},
}


in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence - Volume 2: ICAART,
TI - Anywhere but Here - Enron’s Emails in the Midst of a Crisis
SN - 978-989-758-074-1
AU - Taylor C.
AU - Leibbrandt R.
AU - Powers D.
PY - 2015
SP - 247
EP - 253
DO - 10.5220/0005174502470253