Research on Smart Grid Model based on Internet of Things
Dong WANG
XIโ€™an Peihua University, Shanxi, Xiโ€™an, China
Keywords: Internet of Things, Smart Grid, Model Research, Model Application.
Abstract: Internet of things has the characteristics of radio frequency identification, wireless sensing, remote
monitoring and the intelligent management. It is suitable to apply this technology in the power grid
management. We can increase the grid security, reduce the labor intensity and realize the human-machine
interaction based on the characteristic of the internet of things. The designed smart grid model that based on
the internet of things uses the internet of things to build the four floor structure with information application,
information management, information transmission and perception extension. Moreover, this article
analyzed the detailed solution. Based on the internet of things, we build the model to transmit power,
transform the power and distribute the power for the smart grid. This model can not only realize the grid
equipment management of the enterprises, but also reach the information interaction and operation between
users and grids.
1 INTRODUCTION
With the development of information technology
and the pressure of power application, we can
perfect grid application, grid stability, and increase
the information interactivity between enterprise
management and users, which has significant
meaning to the smart grid development. The internet
of things is the new type of communication network
with the characteristics of radio frequency
identification, wireless sensing, remote monitoring
and the intelligent management. We can build the
smart grid platform which combines internet of
things with the power grid. The perception extension
can build the interactive communication of human-
material, material-material, human-human, and
reduce the labor work. This solution will develop the
grid intelligent and security as well as the
communication between power supply enterprise
and the users.
2 MODEL FRAMEWORK OF
THE SMART GRID MODEL
BASED ON THE INTERNET OF
THINGS
2.1 Application Framework Design
Based on the internet of things, smart grid is the
intelligent grid platform that combines with
communication, perception, and remote control. It
can realize the information collection and
transmission of power supply, power transformation,
power distribution, and power utilization. In
addition, it can realize the remote interaction of both
the users and grid companies to ensure the real-time
monitoring and hyalinize the power utilization.
Based on the internet of things, the application
module framework of the smart grid is based on the
various requirement of the power utilization process.
Build the module of smart power transmission,
power transformation, power distribution and power
utilization can help the power supply companies
monitor the power information, and ensure the
security.
In the information process, we can monitor the
wire condition, tower condition and weather
condition during the power supply processing that
based on the internet of things. Moreover, we can
115
WANG D.
Research on Smart Grid Model based on Internet of Things.
DOI: 10.5220/0006020101150119
In Proceedings of the Information Science and Management Engineering III (ISME 2015), pages 115-119
ISBN: 978-989-758-163-2
Copyright
c
๎€ 2015 by SCITEPRESS โ€“ Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
115
collect and analyze the information in order to
ensure the reliability and security of the equipment
and power supply. During the smart power
transformation, we can analyze the primary
equipment condition and secondary equipment
condition to ensure the accuracy. During the power
distribution, we can realize the automatic power
distribution, optimize and manage the power quality.
During the user power utilization, we can manage
user power consumption information and build both-
way interaction between enterprises and users to
ensure the power consumption transparency and
accuracy.
Information transmission uses the special
electrical communication network. It has the
function of fast transmission, large data capacity,
and anti-lose to ensure the communication accuracy,
high-efficiency and energy conservation.
2.2 Layered Network Design
Based on the internet of things, the smart grid
module can be divided into the application layer,
network layer, perception extended layer based on
the function requirement and technology differences.
Figure 1 has the details.
2.3 Application Layer
Application layer builds management platform for
the users and power management enterprises.
Through the power data and power consumption
data we can realize the management and control. It
can ensure the power using security and
management convenience. Application layer
includes power operated equipment, middle
supporting facility, and system business. Basic
equipment and supporting facility provide reliable
data to the platform and help with the calculation
and analysis. The smart grid platform includes many
parts: power supply, power transmission, power
transformation, power distribution and power
consumption. Through the mode identification,
smart analysis and other technologies we can realize
the comprehensive evaluation and management.
Moreover, we can support intelligent decision,
control, and service in order to promote the grid
informatization, automation and smart level. With
the cloud calculation technology, middleware
technology, data digging technology and other key
techniques, we can realize the analysis and
processing of smart grid data. It is useful to change
the power supply and reach the convenient and high
utilization of the power.
2.4 Network Layer
Network layer is the service layer that connects
application layer and perception extended a layer. It
can be divided into wide band network, user
interaction terminal, and perception terminal. The
wideband network can collect and transmit the data
information. User interaction terminal and
perception terminal can realize the information
interaction and remote control through
Ethernet/ADSL/3G/xPON etc. Based on the internet
of things, network layer combines and extends the
wide band, wireless public communication, wireless
sensor network, optical transmission network. Then,
we can realize the information transmission, route
and control of the perception layer and application
layer. It is possible to increase the reliable, secure,
and large-scale data transmission, which includes
access network and core network. Power access of
the wide band takes special optical network as the
principal thing. This network has high stability and
fast transmission speed. It can provide high-speed
communication platform for the power supply
enterprise that combine with digital microwave, and
power line wave carrier communication.
2.5 Perception Extended Layer
Perception extended layer means collect, classify
and preprocess the information of the object,
environment, condition during the process of power
supply, power transformation, power distribution,
power utilization. It can operate the interaction
among various terminal facilities and realize the
remote control. In the power internet of things,
perception extended layer combines with the various
perception nodes of the different perception objects.
Through the self-organization to build the perception
network, then collect and transmit the data of power
supply, power transformation, power distribution,
and power utilization. Moreover, use the internet of
things and it is possible to set different types of
sensors on the grid lines. Temperature sensor,
humidity sensor, vibrating sensor, velocity sensor,
and air velocity transducer is the example. Video
technology, identification technology, transmission
technology, GIS technology and network technology
can feed back the sensor information to the platform
of the internet of things in order to monitor the
various conditions such as icing, dirt, temperature,
wave, microclimate and other information. Then,
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Figure 1: Hierarchical structure of internet of things.
based on the condition to publish error alert and
ensure the circuit security.
3 SMART GRID APPLICATION
BASED ON THE INTERNET OF
THINGS
3.1 Network Application of Wireless
Sensor
Wireless sensor network is the terminal service
network of smart grid informatization and automatic
application.
Wireless sensor network has sensor, RFID and
smart terminal that can collect the various involved
information in the smart grid. Then, it can classify
the information and gather the data into the gateway
node. Finally, the smart grid analysis and
management system will analyze and manage the
data and realize smart grid monitoring, error alert,
and problem processing.
3.2 Application of Smart Power
Utilization
Smart power utilization means supply and
distributes the power based on user requirement. The
smart grid can set different user integration and
smart meter. Table 1 has the details.
A smart meter can be integrated based on the user
power consumption. It can collect user power
consumption through the collecting equipment and
upload it to the communication terminal to monitor
the power using condition.
3.3 Grid Interaction Application
The perception is one of the important characters of
the internet of things. Smart grid uses this character
to build the relation of human-equipment,
equipment-equipment, and realize the power
network automation and interaction. Figure2 is the
grid interaction framework based on the internet of
things.
Network layer
Application
layer
Security
arrangement
Power application platform
Core network of electric power
power access of wide band
Perception
interaction
Perception
transmission
Gateway
Perception terminal
Perception
object
electricity meter,
equipment detection
sensor and other
electricity object
meters of water,
gas, and hot, smart
appliance and other
house objects
Security monitoring,
sensor, camera and other
objects
Perception interactive platform
Ethernet/ADSL/3G/xPON etc.
Perce
ption
exten
ded
layer
Interaction terminal
Perception terminal
Gateway
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Table 1: User power utilization of smart meter monitoring.
Meter type
User detection
Detection content
Facility request
Ordinary smart meter
Ordinary user
Time-share power measurement
Low cost, high reliability
Stealing electricity detection
Load management
Smart meter of major
client
Major client
Time-share power measurement
Easy operation, extendable
Power quality detection
Stealing electricity detection
Figure 2: Grid interaction framework based on internet of things.
Uses internet of things to build power
information collection platform and smart grid
interactive platform and establish the perception
interaction among enterprises, departments and
users. The enterprise can manage the power
equipment and user power utilization. Moreover, the
users can inquiry the power utilization and price
through the terminal equipment. The safety net
brake is the electromagnetic switch that ensures the
security of grid equipment and user power
utilization. It can confirm the security of smart grid
application. Smart grid application is not only
decreasing the power supply pressure, increase the
user satisfaction, but also promotes the application
transparency and security.
4 CONCLUSION
Smart grid is highly integration of modern
technology and strong net rack. It can adopt clean
energy in high limit and realize low carbon living,
improve the grid security as the new-type
modernized power grid. The integration of the
internet of things and the power grid can transmit the
operation information about different hardware
setting to the management platform on time. This is
helpful to realize the high-efficiency of grid
monitoring and management. Based on the internet
of things, smart grid uses communication
technology, information technology, network
technology and computer technology to realize the
grid smart management. Based on the internet of
things about smart grid module, this article starts
from the characteristics of the power grid, takes the
advantages of the internet of things, collects grid
information, networking combination, data
screening, high-efficiency analysis, and the
reasonable classification. Moreover, it solves the
power distribution, power transmission security, and
ADSL/Xpon,Ethernet, ADSL/xPON gateway and etc.
Information collection
platform of power utilization
Concentrator
Sensor
PLC
Filed-bus
Security network
brake
Interactive platform of
smart grid
Heating system
Illuminating
system
Heating system
Display system
Control equipment
Meters of water, gas
and power
Hybrid networking
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power network interaction, and then pushes the
smart grid to the new development platform.
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