Video based Swimming Analysis for Fast Feedback

Paavo Nevalainen, Antti Kauhanen, Csaba Raduly-Baka, Mikko-Jussi Laakso, Jukka Heikkonen

2016

Abstract

This paper proposes a digital camera based swimming analysis system for athletic use with a low budget. The recreational usage is possible during the analysis phase, and no alterations of the pool environment are needed. The system is of minimum complexity, has a real-time feedback mode, uses only underwater cameras, is flexible and can be installed in many types of public swimming pools. Possibly inaccurate camera placement poses no problem. Both commercially available and tailor made software were utilized for video signal collection and computational analysis and for providing a fast visual feedback for swimmers to improve the athletic performance. The small number of cameras with a narrow overlapping view makes the conventional stereo calibration inaccurate and a direct planar calibration method is proposed in this paper instead. The calibration method is presented and its accuracy is evaluated. The quick feedback is a key issue in improving the athletic performance. We have developed two indicators, which are easy to visualize. The first one is the swimming speed measured from the video signal by tracking a marker band at the waist of the swimmer, another one is the rudimentary swimming cycle analysis focusing to the regularity of the cycle.

References

  1. Bouguet, J. Y. (2008). Camera calibration toolbox for Matlab.
  2. Bradski, G. (2000). Opencv. Dr. Dobb's Journal of Software Tools.
  3. Ceseracciu (2011). New frontiers of markerless motion capture: application to swim biomechanics and gait analysis. PhD thesis, Padova University.
  4. Chum, O., Pajdla, T., and Sturm, P. (2005). The geometric error for homographies. Comput. Vis. Image Underst., 97(1):86-102.
  5. Dadashi, F., Millet, G., and Aminian, K. (2013). Inertial measurement unit and biomechanical analysis of swimming: an update. Sportmedizin, 61:21-26.
  6. Dartfish (2011-2015). Dartfish video analysis tool. http://www.sportmanitoba.ca/page.php?id=116.
  7. D'Errico, J. (2006). Surface fitting using gridfit. Technical report, MATLAB Central File Exchange.
  8. Haner, S., Svärm, L., Ask, E., and Heyden, A. (2015). Joint under and over water calibration of a swimmer tracking system. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods, pages 142-149. ScitePress.
  9. Hartikainen, J., Seppänen, M., and Särkkä, S. (2012). Statespace inference for non-linear latent force models with application to satellite orbit prediction. CoRR.
  10. Heikkilä, J. and Silven, O. (1997). A four-step camera calibration procedure with implicit image correction. In Proc. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pages 1106-1112.
  11. J. Hartikainen and, A. S. and Särkkä, S. (2011). Optimal filtering with kalman filters and smoothers, a manual for the matlab toolbox ekf/ukf. Technical report, Dept. of Biomedical Eng. and Comp.Sci., Aalto University School of Science.
  12. James, D. A., Burkett, B., and Thiel, D. V. (2011). An unobtrusive swimming monitoring system for recreational and elite performance monitoring. In Procedia Engineering, 5th Asia-Pacific Congress on Sports Technology (APCST), volume 13, pages 113-119.
  13. Jean-Claude, C., editor (2003). Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming IX. IXth International World Symposium on Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming, Université de Saint-Etienne.
  14. Kirmizibayrak, J., Honorio, J., Xiaolong, J., Mark, R., and Hahn, J. K. (2011). Digital analysis and visualization of swimming motion. The International Journal of Virtual Reality, 10(3):9-16.
  15. Luo, H., Zhu, L., and Ding, H. (2006). Camera calibration with coplanar calibration board near parallel to the imaging plane. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 132:480486.
  16. Makoto, H. S., Kimura, M., Yaguchi, S., and Inamoto, N. (2002). View interpolation of multiple cameras based on projective geometry. In In: International Workshop on Pattern Recognition and Understanding for Visual Information.
  17. Mullane, S. L., Justham, L. M., West, A. A., and Conway, P. P. (2010). Design of an end-user centric information interface from data-rich. In Procedia Engineering, volume 2, pages 2713-2719. 8th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association (ISEA).
  18. Pansiot, J., Lo, B., and Guang-Zhong, Y. (2010). Swimming stroke kinematic analysis with bsn. In Body Sensor Networks (BSN), 2010 International Conference on, pages 153-158.
  19. Siirtola, P., Laurinen, P., Roning, J., and Kinnunen, H. (2011). Efficient accelerometer-based swimming exercise tracking. In IEEE Symp. on Computational Intelligence and Data Mining (CIDM), pages 156-161. IEEE.
  20. Sportsmotion (2011-2015). motion analysis system. http://www.sportsmotion.com/.
  21. Zhang, Z. (1999). Flexible camera calibration by viewing a plane from unknown orientations. In in ICCV, pages 666-673.
  22. Zhang, Z. (2000). A flexible new technique for camera calibration. In IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, volume 22, page 13301334.
Download


Paper Citation


in Harvard Style

Nevalainen P., Kauhanen A., Raduly-Baka C., Laakso M. and Heikkonen J. (2016). Video based Swimming Analysis for Fast Feedback . In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods - Volume 1: ICPRAM, ISBN 978-989-758-173-1, pages 457-466. DOI: 10.5220/0005753704570466


in Bibtex Style

@conference{icpram16,
author={Paavo Nevalainen and Antti Kauhanen and Csaba Raduly-Baka and Mikko-Jussi Laakso and Jukka Heikkonen},
title={Video based Swimming Analysis for Fast Feedback},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods - Volume 1: ICPRAM,},
year={2016},
pages={457-466},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0005753704570466},
isbn={978-989-758-173-1},
}


in EndNote Style

TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods - Volume 1: ICPRAM,
TI - Video based Swimming Analysis for Fast Feedback
SN - 978-989-758-173-1
AU - Nevalainen P.
AU - Kauhanen A.
AU - Raduly-Baka C.
AU - Laakso M.
AU - Heikkonen J.
PY - 2016
SP - 457
EP - 466
DO - 10.5220/0005753704570466