World Model for Testing Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) Robots using Petri Nets
Anneliese Andrews, Mahmoud Abdelgawad, Ahmed Gario
2016
Abstract
This paper describes a model-based test generation approach for testing Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) robots interacting with their environment (i.e., world). Unlike other approaches that assume a static world with attributes and values, we present and test a dynamic world. We use Petri Nets to illustrate a world model that describes behaviors of environmental entities (i.e., actors). The Abstract World Behavioral Test Cases (AWBTCs) are generated by covering the active world model using graph coverage criteria. We also select test-data by input-space partitioning to transform the generated AWBTCs into executable test cases. Reachability of the active world model and efficiency of coverage criteria are also discussed.
References
- Ammann, P. and Offutt, J. (2008). Introduction to Software Testing. Cambridge University Press, 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013, USA, first edition.
- Andrews, A., Abdelgawad, M., and Gario, A. (2015). Towards world model-based test generation in autonomous systems. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD) 2015, MODELSWARD 2015, pages 165-176. SCITEPRESS Digital Library.
- Chiou, A. and Wynn, C. (2009). Urban search and rescue robots in test arenas: Scaled modeling of disasters to test intelligent robot prototyping. In Symposia and Workshops on Ubiquitous, Autonomic and Trusted Computing, UIC-ATC, pages 200-205.
- David, R. and Alla, H. (1994). Petri nets for modeling of dynamic systems: Survey. Automatica, 30(2):175-202.
- Dias-Neto, A., Subramanyan, R., Vieira, M., and Travassos, G. H. (2007). A survey on model-based testing approaches: A systematic review. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Empirical Assessment of Software Engineering Languages and Technologies, WEASELTech 7807, pages 31-36. ACM.
- Dingle, N. J., Knottenbelt, W. J., and Suto, T. (2009). PIPE2: A tool for the performance evaluation of generalised stochastic petri nets. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev., 36(4):34-39.
- Ferworn, A., Herman, S., Tran, J., Ufkes, A., and Mcdonald, R. (2013). Disaster scene reconstruction: Modeling and simulating urban building collapse rubble within a game engine. In Proceedings of the 2013 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, SCSC 7813, pages 18:1-18:6, Vista, CA. Society for Modeling & Simulation International.
- Furda, A. and Vlacic, L. (2010). An object-oriented design of a world model for autonomous city vehicles. In Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), IEEE, pages 1054-1059.
- Garavel, H., Lang, F., Mateescu, R., and Serwe, W. (2013). Cadp 2011: a toolbox for the construction and analysis of distributed processes. International Journal on Software Tools for Technology Transfer, 15(2):89- 107.
- Hessel, A., Larsen, K., Mikucionis, M., Nielsen, B., Pettersson, P., and Skou, A. (2008). Formal methods and testing. chapter Testing real-time systems using UPPAAL, pages 77-117. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg.
- Iqbal, M., Arcuri, A., and Briand, L. (2010). Environment modeling with UML/MARTE to support blackbox system testing for real-time embedded systems: Methodology and industrial case studies. In Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, volume 6394 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 286-300. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Iqbal, M., Arcuri, A., and Briand, L. (2012). Empirical investigation of search algorithms for environment model-based testing of real-time embedded software. In Proceedings of the 2012 International Symposium on Software Testing and Analysis, ISSTA 2012, pages 199-209, New York, NY, USA. ACM.
- Jacoff, A., Messina, E., Weiss, B., Tadokoro, S., and Nakagawa, Y. (2003). Test arenas and performance metrics for urban search and rescue robots. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), volume 4, pages 3396- 3403 vol.3.
- Li, J. and Wong, W. (2002). Automatic test generation from communicating extended finite state machine (CEFSM)-based models. In Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented RealTime Distributed Computing. (ISORC 2002), pages 181-185.
- Lill, R. and Saglietti, F. (2012). Model-based testing of autonomous systems based on coloured petri nets. In ARCS Workshops (ARCS), pages 1-5.
- Liu, Y. and Nejat, G. (2013). Robotic urban search and rescue: A survey from the control perspective. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 72(2):147-165.
- Murata, T. (1989). Petri Nets: Properties, Analysis and Applications. Proceedings of the IEEE, 77(4):541-580.
- Murphy, R., Tadokoro, S., Nardi, D., Jacoff, A., Fiorini, P., Choset, H., and Erkmen, A. (2008). Search and rescue robotics. In Siciliano, B. and Khatib, O., editors, Springer Handbook of Robotics, pages 1151- 1173. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Pepper, C., Balakirsky, S., and Scrapper, C. (2007). Robot simulation physics validation. In Proceedings of the 2007 Workshop on Performance Metrics for Intelligent Systems, PerMIS 7807, pages 97-104, New York, NY, USA. ACM.
- Shirole, M. and Kumar, R. (2013). Uml behavioral model based test case generation: A survey. Softw. Eng. Notes, SIGSOFT, 38(4):1-13.
- Sighireanu, M., Chaudet, C., Garavel, H., Herbert, M., Mateescu, R., and Vivien, B. (2000). Lotos nt user manual.
- Tretmans, J. (2008). Model based testing with labelled transition systems. In Hierons, R., Bowen, J., and Harman, M., editors, Formal Methods and Testing, volume 4949 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 1-38. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Utting, M., Pretschner, A., and Legeard, B. (2012). A taxonomy of model-based testing approaches. Softw. Test. Verif. Reliab., 22(5):297-312.
- Williamson, D. and Carnegie, D. (2007). Toward hierarchical multi-robot urban search and rescue: Development of a 'mother' agent. In Mukhopadhyay, S. and Gupta, G., editors, Autonomous Robots and Agents, volume 76 of Studies in Computational Intelligence, pages 1-7. Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Yang, R. and Chung, C.-G. (1990). A path analysis approach to concurrent program testing. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Phoenix Conference on Computers and Communications, pages 425-432.
- Zander, J., Schieferdecker, I., and Mosterman, P. J. (2012). Model-based testing for embedded systems. CRC Press, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW,Boca Raton, FL 3348, USA, first edition.
Paper Citation
in Harvard Style
Andrews A., Abdelgawad M. and Gario A. (2016). World Model for Testing Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) Robots using Petri Nets . In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development - Volume 1: MODELSWARD, ISBN 978-989-758-168-7, pages 663-670. DOI: 10.5220/0005782106630670
in Bibtex Style
@conference{modelsward16,
author={Anneliese Andrews and Mahmoud Abdelgawad and Ahmed Gario},
title={World Model for Testing Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) Robots using Petri Nets},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development - Volume 1: MODELSWARD,},
year={2016},
pages={663-670},
publisher={SciTePress},
organization={INSTICC},
doi={10.5220/0005782106630670},
isbn={978-989-758-168-7},
}
in EndNote Style
TY - CONF
JO - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development - Volume 1: MODELSWARD,
TI - World Model for Testing Urban Search and Rescue (USAR) Robots using Petri Nets
SN - 978-989-758-168-7
AU - Andrews A.
AU - Abdelgawad M.
AU - Gario A.
PY - 2016
SP - 663
EP - 670
DO - 10.5220/0005782106630670