Factors which Will Affect The Labor Productivity of Industrial

Convection

Angga Herlambang, Moch Dudih Sugiharto and Yana Rohmana

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi 229, Bandung, Indonesia

Keywords: Labor Productivity, Training, Experience, Motivation.

Abstract: The focus of study for this research is to examine the labor productivity of industrial convection Sukamulya

Village, Subdistrict Kutawaringin, Bandung District. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the

factors that influence the level of labor productivity. Factor expected to affect the labor productivity of

industrial convection Sukamulya Village, Subdistrict Kutawaringin is training, experience and motivation. In

this study which is the subject of research is the industrial workforce in the village Sukamulya convection,

Kutawaringin sub district, Bandung district with a sample of 84 workers. The method used in this research is

explanatory survey using a questionnaire as a data-collection tool and techniques using multiple linear

regressions using Eviews 7. The result showed that simultaneous or partially variable training, experience and

motivation positive effect on labor productivity. This means that the higher the higher the training of labor

productivity, the higher also experience higher labor productivity and higher motivation higher the

productivity of labor.

1 INTRODUCTION

Dominick Salvatore (1992) suggests that the

production function for each commodity is a table or

graphic equation that shows the number of (maximum

commodities) that can be produced per unit of time

for each alternative input combination, when using

the best available production techniques. The

production function indicates the relationship

between the use of production factors and the level of

production produced as outputs. In this case Richard

A. Rinse (1994) suggests that the production function

is the production relationship between the inputs of

the firm's resources and the output of goods and

services per unit of time.

According to the human capital theory, human

capital contributes to output just like other factors of

production and also through technological change by

driving both innovation and imitation (Schultz,

1961). Corvers (1997) discusses four effects of

human capital on labour productivity: worker effect,

allocative effect, diffusion effect, and research effect.

He argues that human capital contributes to

productivity level through allocative and worker

effect, and productivity growth through diffusion and

research effects.

Through a variety of work improvements, the

waste of time and energy and other inputs will be

reduced as much as possible. The result will be better

and more things can be saved. Time is not wasted,

power is effectively deployed and the achievement of

business goals can be well organized, effective and

efficient. This is what productivity mean.

A number of studies have attempted to investigate

the factors that affect labour productivity in

manufacturing industry, for example, Niringiye

(2010) and Firouz et al (2010) adopting labour

productivity as the dependent variable, and the

independent variables being physical capital, wage,

firm size, foreign ownership, export orientation of

firm, employment growth, education of employees,

skill and industry age.

Productivity is an important aspect of business

improvement in small industries or companies. An

asset that has a strategic place in a company is a

human resource asset or often called a workforce.

Competition between industries is increasingly tight

with the achievement of productivity that is less than

the maximum caused by the role of labor is less

optimal, then the factors that affect labor productivity

becomes a very important aspect that must be

considered for optimal productivity improvement.

The existence of industry has taken an important

role in the problem of employment. It happened also

Herlambang, A., Sugiharto, M. and Rohmana, Y.

Factors which Will Affect The Labor Productivity of Industrial Convection.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Economic Education and Entrepreneurship (ICEEE 2017), pages 101-104

ISBN: 978-989-758-308-7

101

in West Java. Industrial sector has grown seen from

the number of business units and proved able to

absorb labor. According to the Central Bureau of

Statistics, the development of small-scale industries

in West Java in 2013 - 2014 experienced a good

development seen from business units and

employment. In terms of business units experienced

growth of 0.27 percent, in terms of labor also

experienced growth of 0.70 percent, and investment

also experienced a fairly good development of 6.80

percent.

One of the industries that absorb a lot of labor in

Bandung Regency is the convection industry in the

Village Sukamulya Bandung regency. The existence

of this small industry has contributed considerably to

the socio-economic changes of convection workers.

Economic changes can be seen from various aspects

one of which is the level of welfare includes the

profits earned by employers and wages received by

the workers. Changes in the social field include the

increasing number of newcomers in society, the

growing number of immigrants involved in

convection industry activities, advances in education

levels and lifestyle changes.

2 METHODS

The object of this research is the labor of convection

industry in Sukamulya Village, Kutawaringin

District, Bandung Regency. This study there are 4

variables studied are 3 independent variables of

Training, Experience and Motivation as well as the

dependent variable that is Labor Productivity. The

method used in this research is explanatory method

(explanatory method) that is a research method that

intends to explain the relationship between variables

by using hypothesis testing. The population in this

study is the entire workforce of the convection

industry totaling 107 people working on 21 industry

convection in Sukamulya Village District

Kutawaringin Bandung Regency.

Data source used by researcher in this research is

primary data and secondary data. Primary data was

obtained from Sukamulya Village convection

industry labor. While secondary data obtained by

reading, studying and understanding through other

media sourced from literature, books, corporate

reports, and others.

In this research, to know the influence between

independent variables and dependent variable. Data

analysis technique used is multiple linear regression

analysis. (Yana Rohmana, 2013)

The research model used by the author is as

follows:

  











 







 







 

Where:

Y : Labor Productivity



: Constants







: Regression Coefficients

: Training

: Experience

3 :

Motivation

e : error term

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A study to investigate the effect of human capital on

labour productivity in East African manufacturing

firms was undertaken by Niringiye etal., (2010). The

study used Generalized Least Squares (GLS) to

estimate the human capital model on longitudinal data

from Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. Results indicate

that proportion of skilled workers and average

education in Uganda, training, proportion of skilled

workers and education of the manager in Tanzania

and average education and training in Kenya were

positively associated with labour productivity.

3.1 The Effect of Training on Labor

Productivity

Based on the results of empirical tests, the level of

training has a positive effect on the positive direction

of labor productivity. This means that the higher level

of training employee productivity will increase and

vice versus the lower level of training. Proven on

research results we can know that training is needed

in improving the productivity of labor in a company,

because when training is high it will have a positive

impact on the ability and performance of the

workforce, thus increasing labor productivity. This

can happen if every workforce focuses on improving

its quality through training.

The high level of training followed by a

workforce, then the workforce will have good

working knowledge. This shows that when the labor

is really focused on the field of business then the

workforce is able to understand and even master the

production techniques in accordance with the field so

that the worker ultimately knows how to make output

well. When science in work is owned by increased

workforce it will improve how to work better and will

make the output work better, faster and tidier. When

ICEEE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Economic Education and Entrepreneurship

102

the work gets better in making outputpun will be

faster so it will raise or increase the resulting output

so that productivity will increase. Therefore high

training will affect the high productivity The result of

the research shows that labor training is important for

the convection laborers in Sukamulya village because

the training can provide direct benefits to the work

and through training the output produced by the

workforce can be more but it depends on the

individual workforce after following Training. If the

workforce is able to apply the results of the training

in accordance with its work then the training will

benefit directly on the output generated and the

discipline of the workforce, but if the workforce does

not implement the training results that have been

followed then the training will have no benefit to the

output and energy discipline Work in work.

Based on the results of the study, the training has

a positive and significant effect on the labor

productivity of the convection industry of Sukamulya

Village, Kutawaringin District, Bandung Regency.

According to the results of research labor industry

convection Sukamulya Village District Kutawaringin

Bandung regency has the belief that a lot of practice

then the resulting output will be more. But sometimes

the training that followed is less appropriate to the job

so that the less useful directly to the work and also

depend on each employee in applying the results of

the training to be directly beneficial to his work or

not. The results of this study showed that the training

had a positive effect on the labor productivity of the

convection industry of Sukamulya Village,

Kutawaringin District, Bandung Regency. This is

also supported by the research that has been done by

Syaiful Anwar (2009) that job training has a positive

effect on work productivity. And, Bartel (1994) and

Almeida and Carneiro (2008), show that firm

trainings have positive and significant effect on

labour productivity.

3.2 The Effect of Experience on Labor

Productivity

Based on the results of empirical tests show that the

level of experience significantly influence the

positive direction of labor productivity. This means

that the higher level of experience then the labor

productivity of employees will increase and vice

versa the lower level of experience then the

productivity of labor is decreasing. Based on the

results of the study, the experience has a positive and

significant effect on the labor productivity of the

convection industry of Sukamulya Village,

Kutawaringin District, Bandung Regency. Workers

who have longer experience will have higher skills,

so their productivity is higher than the new workforce

has little experience. According to the results of

research labor industry convection Sukamulya

Village District Kutawaringin Bandung Regency has

experience working at most 0-24 months. The results

of this study show that experience positively affect

the labor productivity of convection industry

Sukamulya Village District Kutawaringin Bandung

regency. This is also supported by research conducted

by Putu Agus Wisnu Sentana Putra (2011) that

experience has a positive effect on work productivity.

3.3 The Effect of Motivation on Labor

Productivity

Motivation in this research is seen from aspect of

expectancy, instrumentality and valance. Based on

the results of data analysis of research and hypothesis

testing is known that the motivation has a positive and

significant effect on labor productivity of convection

industry Sukamulya Village District Kutawaringin

Bandung regency. This means that the higher the

motivation will affect the productivity of labor and

vice versa the lower level of experience then the

productivity of labor is decreasing.

Based on the results of research on motivation as

measured by expectancy, instrumentalit and valance.

Based on the categorization results show that the

labor motivation of the convection industry in

Sukamulya village is in the medium category. This

conclusion is based on the overall score of

respondents. The best response sequence of labor

when looking at productivity in a row is the first

expectancy with an average score of 299, the second

is valance with an average score of 241, and the last

is an instrumentalit with an average score of 240.66.

The implication of the data shows that the motivation

of industrial convection workers in Sukamulya

Village is highest in expectancy, this is because the

labor of convection industry in Sukamulya Village

has been working hard to make more output and

according to standard.

Based on these opinions can be seen that a highly

motivated workforce will increase labor productivity

because motivation is an impetus in directing labor

and industry to succeed. This is because the high

motivation will increase morale and creativity so that

the output produced by the labor is increased this

means that productivity is also increasing. The results

of this study indicate that the motivation has a

positive effect on labor productivity of convection

Factors which Will Affect The Labor Productivity of Industrial Convection

103

industry Sukamulya Village District Kutawaringin

Bandung regency. This is also supported by research

conducted by Berta Lestari and Aris Setia Noor

(2013) that motivation is one of the factors that

positively affect the labor productivity.

4 CONCLUSSIONS

The description of training in the convection industry

in Sukamulya Village shows that the level of training

is moderate or rarely followed by the workers. The

average employment of the convection industry in

Sukamulya village has less than two years of work

experience. The motivation of convection industry

workers in Sukamulya village is in the medium

criterion because this is because the labor of

convection industry in Sukamulya village has been

working hard to make more output and according to

the standard but less attention in terms of bonus,

facility and work protection.

Motivation is measured through expectancy,

instrumentality and the training has a positive effect

on the labor productivity of the convection industry

in Sukamulya Village, Kutawaringin District,

Bandung Regency. That is, the better the training will

be the better the level of productivity. Experience has

a positive effect on the labor productivity of the

convection industry in Sukamulya Village,

Kutawaringin District, Bandung Regency. That is, the

more experience will be the higher the level of

productivity. Motivation has a positive effect on the

labor productivity of the convection industry in

Sukamulya Village, Kutawaringin District, Bandung

Regency. That is, the higher the motivation will be

the higher the level of productivity.

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