![](bg1.png)
Impact of Tobacco Use on Poverty in Indonesia
Faulty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia
bayu.adi.radityo-2014@fkm.unair.ac.id
Keywords: Tobacco, Poverty, Health, Indonesia.
Abstract: According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, almost 80 percent from a total of 1 billion smokers
globally live in low and moderate income countries. The proportion of tobacco use in the poorest smoker
households in Indonesia accounts for almost 12 percent of their incomes (Ahsan, 2009). The paper was
carried out to know how tobacco use can lead to poverty in Indonesia. This paper uses descriptive method to
collect quantitative data and results show that tobacco use is the third largest expense after food and
beverages and grains. Tobacco use also become the largest expenditure on people with medium and low
prosperity. The conclusion is that tobacco use has many negative impacts on poverty in Indonesia. The
following paper seeks to find more about how tobacco use can impact poverty in Indonesia.
1 INTRODUCTION
According to BPS data for September 2016, the
number of poor people (people with per capita
expenditure per month below the Poverty Line) in
Indonesia decreased to 27.76 million people
(10.70%) compared to 28.01 million people
(10.86%) in March 2016 (Central Bureau of
Statistics, 2017). Based on the area of residence, in
the period of March to September 2016 the number
of poor people in urban areas increased by 0.15
million people, whereas in the rural areas it
decreased by 0.39 million people (Central Bureau of
Statistics. 2017). The largest number of poor people
by province in September 2016 is East Java with
4.63 million people, while the lowest number of
poor people by province in September 2016 is North
Kalimantan with 47,030 people (Central Bureau of
Statistics. 2017).
Smoking is common, because of its relatively
affordable price, widespread and aggressive
marketing, lack of knowledge of the dangers and
inconsistencies of public policy on tobacco, whereas
smoking can cause health, economic, social and
environmental burdens (Kosen, 2008; Data and
Information Center Ministry of Health, 2015).
Smoking can cause various diseases, especially lung
cancer, stroke, heart disease and blood vessel
disorders, as well as decreased fertility, increased
incidence of pregnant out-of-body, fetal (physical
and mental growth) slows, seizures in pregnancy,
infant immune disorders and increased perinatal
death (Kosen, 2008). Based on the results from
Riskesdas (2013), smoking behavior of the
population 15 years and above did not decrease from
2007 to 2013 and even showed an increase from
34.2 percent in 2007 to 36.3 percent in 2013. In
2013, it was found 64.9 percent of men and 2.1
percent of women were still smoking cigarettes, with
1.4 percent of smokers aged 10-14 years and 9.9
percent of smokers in the unemployed group
(Agency for Health Research and Development
Ministry of Health, 2013).
2 METHOD
This research uses descriptive analysis method with
a quantitative approach. The use of this quantitative
descriptive method straightens the research variables
that focus on actual problems and phenomena that
are currently occurring in the form of meaningful
numbers (Shinta, 2013).The data used come from
government agencies, such as the Central Bureau of
Statistics (BPS). The data already collected will be
processed again into data obtained from the results
of the indicators of research variables and
interpreted in writing by the researchers (Shinta,
2013).
38
Radityo, B.
Impact of Tobacco Use on Poverty in Indonesia.
In Proceedings of the 4th Annual Meeting of the Indonesian Health Economics Association (INAHEA 2017), pages 38-41
ISBN: 978-989-758-335-3
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved