Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment

Hana Silvana, Gema Rullyana and Angga Hadiapurwa

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung, Indonesia

{hanasilva, gemarullyana, angga}@upi.edu

Keywords: Plagiarism, Plagiarism prevention, students’ final assignments.

Abstract: Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment This research was motivated by the

plagiarism issue in academic life especially in Higher Education. The main issue discussed in this research is:

How can plagiarism be prevented in the students’ final assignment? This research was conducted to identify

the patterns and strategies in preventing plagiarism in students’ final paper. To this end, descriptive method

was utilized. The respondents of this study were lecturers and university students. Through descriptive

analysis on the plagiarism in the students’ final paper, it was expected that it may positively contribute to and

identify the more effective patterns and strategies in preventing plagiarism among the students.

1 INTRODUCTION

University students are supposed to finish their study by

conducting final papers. In composing the papers they

quote from various sources. The students sometimes

ignore the most appropriate ways in quoting the sources

and references for their papers. It may cause them to

commit plagiarism.

Plagiarism is such a serious matter that it was

manifested in Ministry of Education Regulation Number

17. Plagiarism is a deliberate or intentional act of

obtaining or attempting to obtain credit or value for a

scientific work, citing some or all of the work and / or

scientific work of another party acknowledged as a own

scientific work, without stating the exact and adequate

source. Williams (2005) in His book “Plagiarism:

Deterrence, Detection and Prevention defines plagiarism

as the denial of one’s ideas and/or statements used in.

As it is acknowledged that there are some cases

related to plagiarism (especially in the academic world).

This is so distressing because institutions like colleges

should be in the front line in dealing with plagiarism, since

the act of plagiarism contradicts the values of education.

The demand to produce a paper leads us to do everything

we can to achieve that goal. There are several reasons for

the occurrence of plagiarism as proposed by Herqutanto

(2013) there are two things in general that cause

plagiarism, the first is the plagiarist does not know that the

action he did was plagiarism. The other reason is that the

plagiarist accidentally commits plagiarism because he/she

is influenced by what she/he reads so that he

unconsciously copy what he/she read. While Sinaga

(2010) in his research concludes various factors that cause

plagiarism of thesis happened among student of

Department of Sociology FISIP USU among others is

lack of knowledge about the rules of writing scientific

papers, low writing ability and less references for the

thesis, pursuing good grades, a shortcut, laziness, less

communication with supervisors and lack of supervision

from the institution of education.

Mulyana (2010) has conducted research on

prevention of plagiarism for students in thesis writing in

Javanese Language and Literature Department,

Yogyakarta State University he has concluded that the

symptoms of plagiarism that have been done by students

in thesis writing is in the form of duplication, including

title, theory, data, and reference duplications. The

duplication percentage vary (some are few, some are

dominant). Furthermore Mulyana (2010) suggests that the

mode of plagiarism acts of scientific writing are generally

done by: (1) copying the work of others; (2) piggybacking

the work of others; (3) changing others’ work; (4) ghost

writing; and (5) buying the work of others.

Along with the development of Information

technology, the Internet has a significant role related to the

action of plagiarism. The Internet has a negative and

positive side to the act of plagiarism. According to

Ernawati (2014) the negative side of the internet on

plagiarism is the opportunity to do plagiarism will be

easier with the access to millions of scientific articles.

While the positive side is the internet can be a bridge to

check whether the existing articles are the same or

different from the articles that have been published by

others.

Silvana, H., Rullyana, G. and Hadiapurwa, A.

Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment.

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Educational Sciences (ICES 2017) - Volume 2, pages 20-26

ISBN: 978-989-758-314-8

There are various ways of preventing the practice of

plagiarism, among them (a) fostering student integrity, so

they are honest in doing scientific studies; (b) improving

the function and the role of supervisor of the thesis /

research, because the student's research determines the

career of the supervisor; and (c) using anti plagiarism

software (Wijaya, 2010).

Institutions such as Universities certainly have a great

responsibility in dealing with the problem of plagiarism,

considering that universities are one of the science-

producing institutions. The college is responsible for

educating its academic community on plagiarism. In the

academic world, action plagiarism is more likely to occur.

a student in his daily course of course will be preoccupied

with tasks such as making papers or other scientific

papers, has become a public secret in the digital age of

today the internet feels to be the right solution amid tasks

assigned, no doubt activities copy paste is considered to

be the best method in solving a scientific paper especially

among students. The point that if we take deeper care is a

matter of grave concern, instead of trying hard to get the

job done when he has deceived others and himself. To

deceive others because they harm others by stealing

others' work, deceiving themselves, by acting as if they

feel successful, seeking and mastering what they write,

when they are not at all in their power. Apart from the

author who has written the above issues, very serious

efforts are needed by institutions such as universities,

especially the Indonesia University of Education (UPI)

which is very concentrated in the field of education.

The above concepts and thoughts are the foundation

in developing this research. The prevention of plagiarism

in preparing the final thesis is expected to be one effective

way in reducing or even eliminating the actions that lead

to the plagiarism especially students within the Indonesia

University of Education (UPI).

The prevention of plagiarism act that will be

analyzed as the general problem is “how is the

prevention of plagiarism in students’ final paper in

the faculty of education Indonesia university of

Education? Specifically described in the research

question as follows: (a) how is the perception of UPI

Faculty of Education students about the act of

plagiarism in preparing the final task? (b) How is the

use of scientific guidelines of the University of

Education Indonesia's academic work on prevention

of plagiarism for students of Faculty of Education

UPI? (c) What is the policy of every Department in

Faculty of Education UPI in preventing plagiarism?

(d) How is the prevention of plagiarism on the

students of UPI Faculty of Education in the

preparation of the final paper?

The results of this study are expected to contribute

to improving the quality of student papers. University

as an educational institution that is obliged to produce

qualified and highly competitive human resources. To

produce these qualities, some efforts are needed in

conducting the learning process. Well-designed and

effective learning process can produce a good

learning output as well, one of them is through

student involvement in the design.

2 METHOD

The prevention of plagiarism activities in students’

final assignment was carried out in 2017. The

research was conducted to senior students of the

faculty of education.

The method in completing the study was

descriptive analysis using case study. The main

approach was qualitative. It was expected that the

result will be relevant to the research objective in

finding out the prevention of plagiarism in students’

final paper in the faculty of education.

The focus of the research was aimed at analyzing

the plagiarism prevention in completing the final

paper/ thesis. The subjects of the study were the

students completing their thesis and the lecturers as

the thesis supervisors.

The data collection technique was done through

interviews using interview guidelines.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1 The Faculty of Education Students

on Plagiarism in Completing Thesis

The issue of plagiarism is often a scourge of its own

in the college environment. Plagiarism is regarded as

an unforgivable disgrace. College in addition to

producing gray literature, of course, must ensure that

the resulting works must be original and free of

plagiarism. Government defines plagiarism in

Ministry of Education Regulation no 17 as a

deliberate or intentional act of obtaining or attempting

to obtain credit or value for a scientific work, citing

some or all of the work and / or scientific work of

another party acknowledged as a own scientific work,

without stating the exact and adequate source. In

various universities, the issue of plagiarism often gets

special attention. Preventive measures are always

strived to be free from plagiarism. Plagiarism is

deemed is academic dishonesty or academic cheating

in education and is associated as deception,

dishonesty and lies (Sutherland-Smith, 2008)

Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment

Based on the results of research that has been

conducted through in-depth interviews of students at

the Faculty of Education at Indonesia University of

Education, there are generally three aspects related to

student perceptions of plagiarism in the preparation

of the final task. According to the respondents, the

plagiarism act in preparing the final task done by the

students is to quote without listing the original source,

the opinion of this respondent along with the

government's view on the plagiarism itself, the

respondent's opinion on plagiarism is illustrated by

the interview quote.

"Hmmm the act of doing such a quotation or the

transfer of the copyrights of others without the

knowledge of the author and without good and proper

rules" (M1)

"Plagiarism is hmmmm quoting without listing the

original source. Hmmm someone’s statements is not

listed the opinion is other’s or expert’s thought in a

scientific statement (M4)

“Plagiarism is copying other’s work by hmmmm

not listing the original sources”. (M5)

The actions that fall into the category of

plagiarism are quite diverse, according to Weber-

Wulff (2014) there are at least ten forms of plagiarism

that often occur, such plagiarism acts; copy paste,

translation, covert plagiarism, shake and paste and

collections, clause quilts, structural plagiarism, pawn

sacrifice, cut and slide, self-plagiarism, other

dimensions. From the results of in-depth interviews

conducted on Faculty of Education students, they

stated that they had done the action of plagiarism

during the preparation of their final paper. As stated

by the following respondents drawn from the excerpts

of interviews conducted.

“I have done partial copy-paste it is because I was

in hurry to consult to my supervisor and the time is

not enough... (M1)

“ ... I often commit plagiarism yaa it is sometimes

partial or total”. (M2)

“Yes I have done such plagiarism.” (M3)

“Yes I have committed plagiarism, but I just

translated from english speaking journal and I copy

pasted the Indonesian speaking journal” (M4)

The form of plagiarism that is generally done by

the students of the Faculty of Education in the

preparation of their final paper include copy paste,

shake and paste collection and translation.

The next aspects that may cause plagiarism in

completing the paper are: 1) lack of knowledge about

the in house style of writing 2) limited time

availability 3) the development of information

technology (especially internet) that facilitate and

open opportunities to cheat 4) some lecturers are not

aware on plagiarism issues 5) the use of anti-

plagiarism applications is still minimal. 6) Lack of

socialization on the issue of plagiarism 7) lack of

workshops or training on.

Figure 1: The factors causing the act of students’ plagiarism

in completing final paper.

Respondents' discussion of this theme is

illustrated by some of the following interview quotes

“I just understand that UPI uses APA, It has never

been socialized. I just read the senior students’ work,

I never checked the guidelines either. It is more

convenient to just check the seniors’

“I’ve heard that once, my lecturer told that... but

i never used Turnitin... only some lecturers use

Turnitin...” (M2)

“Yes it is, the deadline for supervision has always

made me...” (M3)

“ I think it is about the time, the time for

completing the paper is not much, students always

wants to finish it quickly he he he. In addition, the

lecturers never check the plagiarism too so that we

never think about it either. It may be because of the

internet... it facilitate us.” (M4)

Yes it is because of the limited time availability so

that I just copy pated other’s work, and the lecturer

never complain about it and it is also because of the

EXTERNAL

FACTORS

1. The lack of

knowledge about

the in house style

of writing

2. The limited time

allocation

3. The internet

resource

availability

allowing the

plagiarism

1. The lecturers’

awareness on

plagiarism

2. The lack of

plagiarism

checker software

use

3. The lack of

socialization on

plagiarism

4. The lack of final

paper workshop

and training

THE FACTORS THAT

CAUSE PLAGIARISM

STUDENTS

EXTERNAL

FACTORS

ICES 2017 - 1st International Conference on Educational Sciences

internet, there should be some workshop for paper

writing. (M5)

... the department has started to suggest the use of

the guidelines for the paper writing, using mendeley

for citing and checking the plagiarism percentage as

the prevention.. as far as I know there has been no

plagiarism socialization... i haven’t heard any

workshop either ... (M3)

3.2 The Students’ Perception on the

Use of the Paper Writing Manuals

Guidelines of scientific papers are made to provide

guidance or as a general reference to UPI civitas

academic especially students in writing scientific

papers. Through the rules and also the general

guidelines presented in it, it is expected to appear the

same perceptions of students across courses and

faculty in UPI in writing scientific papers, especially

in terms of the characteristics and systematics of

writing.

The significance of the book facilitate the students

in doing good and appropriate citations.

“it is helpful, I did not know how to cite

appropriately, this book has guided me how to do

good and appropriate citations to avoid plagiarism”

(M1)

The importance of scientific writing guidelines

for students provide comfort in writing someone’s

ideas or thought by proper citations.

“I feel helped by this book, by doing good and

appropriate citations. Yes I feel that way eee I can

verify that it is someone’s work. By this book I don’t

have to copy other’s work, I just have to put the

original sources clearly” (M2)

Similarly, the M3 expresses the importance of the

manual in avoiding the plagiarism act, especially

there is a special chapter on plagiarism.

"There is a chapter on plagiarism in the book, so

I now know what plagiarism is and why I think this

book is one of the efforts to avoid plagiarism. so I do

not casually pick quotes or theories of others, so

yaaaa the main author must be listed". (M3)

The manual of scientific writing aims to make

students in writing their scientific papers in

accordance with the rules applicable in UPI

environment it is very important for students to write

scientific writing according to their writing and not

plagiarize the work of others.

“Yees this book has the intention of making the

student can write well Yees plagiarized other people's

writing like a small thing but the future is very

dangerous so, with this guidebook yaaa I do not need

to plagiarize ". (M4)

Similarly, the M5 expresses the importance of the

scientific paper manual so as not to plagiarize the

work of others.

“Important or not, there are people who use the

manual as the main reference in the systematics of

writing there is also those who only do what the

lecturers say. Well if this book is still effective but

maybe there should be more socialization about the

manual of this scientific paper. Iyaa with the book, I

know so citing techniques that match the rules and the

author's writing is clear, so I do not need to plagiarize

the work of others "(M5)

Guidebooks of scientific papers are prepared to

facilitate the writing of scientific papers to conform

to applicable rules of writing. The handbook of

scientific papers has a positive impact on students,

who did not know about citation techniques to know

about citation techniques. Knowing about citation

techniques, the students become more confident, not

afraid of plagiarism.

As expressed by M1 to be not afraid of plagiarism

with the existence of this manual feel more

comfortable.

"Previously I was afraid to write this thesis, one

of which is feared plagiarism suspected, hmmm but

precisely with the guidebook that I become more what

it is, sincere do it, so do not feel afraid, honest in

writing something" (M1)

Meanwhile, M3 clearly expressed that this

guidebook became a student guide to avoid

plagiarism.

“Hmmm yes the manual book has made me feel

more confident and original in writing my ideas or

opinions” This manual book is so important that it

can guide the students in avoiding plagiarism and

using the appropriate citing techniques.

The manual book has given the students some

comfort when listing others people works by using

appropriate citing techniques. Convenience when

writing scientific papers in accordance with the rules

of writing so that the writing of scientific papers to be

unified.

“The manual has given me more comfort in listing

other people works. It is so important that I have both

hard and soft copy of the book so as to not forget to

use the book” (M2)

The positive effect of the manual book has given

the guidelines in writing and citing others’ work. M3

has stated it clearly

“I feel more comfortable and original in writing

my paper It is important for the students who are

completing the paper like me, hmmm feel more like ..,

the manual has guided us to write better scientific

works” (M3)

Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment

Along the same line, M5 has firmly stated that the

manual has become a framework for students to be

more careful in using, citing and paraphrasing a

sentence.

“Hmmm I think I feel more careful in writing,

citing and paraphrasing a sentence, yeess it does

help. It is so important I think that it helps students

completing their research”. (M5)

The research paper writing manual is very

important for students. It provide matters relating to

ethics and guidelines that must be adhered to and

implemented with a sense of responsibility by the

academic community UPI especially Faculty of

Education. Through scientific ethics and the

guidelines in the manual, It is expected that students

have a sense of comfort, confidence, and carefulness

in making scientific papers especially thesis.

3.3 The Policy of Departments in the

Faculty of Education UPI on the

Act of Plagiarism Prevention

3.3.1 The Students’ Perception on the

Written Policy on the Act of

Plagiarism Prevention

The policy made by each Department in the Faculty

of Education of UPI in the effort to prevent the action

of plagiarism is a preventive action undertaken by

each Department aimed to avoid plagiarism action

among students.

The policy made by the Department on the

prevention of acts of plagiarism does not exist, but the

policy of the use of scientific paper manual is always

delivered by every lecturer. There also exists the

policy in checking plagiarism by using applications.

“There is no written policy. But there is a policy

of plagiarism checking. It is given, but it is often

delivered by the supervisors”. (M1)

As expressed by M2 firmly that the policy of the

use manual and checking plagiarism are always

delivered by lecturers and always reminded by every

supervisors to always use the manual of scientific

papers.

As far as I know the manual must always be used

and there is the rule of plagiarism checking before the

paper examination. There has been no formal

dissemination, but the lecturers always reminded us

the importance of the manual of writing research

paper”. (M2)

Similarly, the M3 reveals that supervisors always

emphasize to use manuals of scientific papers as well

as in lecturer seminar courses always appealed for the

use of the manual.

“It is the department policy, every lecturer has

always emphasize on the use of the manual, there is

also such thing as plagiarism checking before the

paper examination. Lecturers always remind us but

not in a formal forum. During the proposal seminar

course, the lecturers always encourage the use of the

manual”. (M3)

Supervisor always appealed to his students to use

the paper writing manual. The policy in using the

manual is always delivered during the supervision.

“Supervisors are the ones who always remind the

students to use the manual of paper writing” (M4)

There is no written policy, but there is always

appeal to avoid plagiarism. The socialization on the

plagiarism is the department policy.

“Yes it is the department policies starting from the

use of manual book of paper writing, citing using

Mendeley application, and plagiarism are the acts of

plagiarism prevention. There is time before the

proposal seminar, there was a socialization on the

plagiarism checking and Mendeley application. (M5)

3.3.2 The Students Perception on the Use of

Paper Writing Manual Books as the

Act of Plagiarism Prevention

The policy on the use of paper writing manual books

as the act of plagiarism prevention is effective in

preventing plagiarism. This manual is effective in

preventing plagiarism by providing special chapter in

the act of plagiarism and citation.

"The guidance policy of this scientific paper

needs to be submitted by every mentor, and it has

effectively prevented me from being more careful and

careful in writing. It's good, but its still needs to be

improved, it means the necessity must be given to the

students, the plagiarism test should be done ". (M5)

As M4 expressly states that with a special chapter

on the act of plagiarism. The handbook is helpful in

writing scientific papers.

"It has been helped in the writing of scientific

papers, because there is a special chapter of the act

of plagiarism. It is very precise, I suggest that

students writing the final paper must use the manual

". (M4)

The policy of using scientific guidebook as an

effort to prevent the plagiarism of other people's

writing. M3 expresses firmly that this manual is

helpful in avoiding the plagiarizing of other people's

work.

"Yes I think it is helpful to avoid as a plagiarism

of other people's work, with this manual I am more

comfortable. It is very appropriate hmmm because

ICES 2017 - 1st International Conference on Educational Sciences

both policies are aimed to avoid the action of

plagiarism ". (M3)

Similarly, M1 expresses emphatically that the

student will be spared from plagiarizing the work of

others.

"The policy of using the guidebook is to prevent

students from copy-pasting or plagiarizing the work

of others. Hmmm is right, the use of the book is

explained about the quotation, I think it will avoid the

action of plagiarism ". (M1)

As confirmed by M2 that the scientific writing

guidelines is effective in preventing plagiarism.

"I think the policy is effective in preventing

copying and pasting the work of others, of course with

information about clear quotations so that students

can understand it. Of the three policies that have been

made by the Department is right yah I think in

avoiding the plagiarism ". (M2)

3.3.3 The Prevention of Plagiarism for the

Faculty of Education Students in

Completing Their Thesis

Government through permendiknas Number 17 of

2010 states that what is meant by the prevention of

plagiarism is a preventive action undertaken by the

leadership of the college that aims to avoid plagiarism

in the environment college. There must be some

preventive acts to ensure that every scientific works

dine by the students are plagiarism-free or original.

Prevention that can be done to minimize the act of

plagiarism done by the students of the Faculty of

Education in preparing the final task is to provide a

comprehensive understanding of writing techniques

including a true understanding of the in house style

used by the University of Education Indonesia, in

addition, the students must be equipped with

comprehensive information the danger of plagiarism

, students are given an understanding that at least

includes some important points such as; legislation

governing plagiarism, plagiarism sanctions, the

effects of pluralism, and tips on how to avoid

plagiarism.

“...steps that can be done is to organize

workshops or writing training, discussing APA, then

also given the understanding to the students the

danger of plagiarism is like what, the rules, the

sanctions how, the techniques how to avoid it ... (D1)

Comprehensive understanding of writing

techniques and the dangers of plagiarism should be

cultivated in the world of universities, not only to

students but also to lecturers. The lecturer should be

concerned and critical on the issue of plagiarism,

because in addition to guiding students in the writing

of the final task, lecturers also conduct research, both

individual and team, collaboration team with similar

field, across fields or even collaborate with students.

Other precautions that can be done in prevention

of plagiarism by students of the Faculty of Education

in the preparation of the final task by utilizing the

center of learning resources in the college (library) by

consulting the librarian, students can ask about

relevant sources of references, citation techniques ,

and others as.

...not only consulting to the supervisor, the student

can also come to the library, as far as I know

librarian has competence on this (avoiding

plagiarism), the student can consult about referral

source, quotation technique ...... "(D3)

The most effective approach to avoiding

plagiarism is to do the paraphrase without forgetting

the correct quotation. By paraphrasing we can read

and understand someone’s idea and we can rewrite

them using our own sentence by keep listing the

original source.

“...paraphrase is the most effective way in

avoiding plagiarism...” (D2)

“... improve the paraphrasing skill I guess...”

(D3)

Another precaution that can be done is to make a

comprehensive check on the students’ paper. Every

chapter of the students’ work are checked using anti-

plagiarism software, such as Turnitin. Turnitin is used

by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia as an anti-

plagiarism tool managed by the library, Turnitin is a

software that can track the level of similarity of a

paper with other writings that have been first

uploaded in various kinds of online portals. The

similarity level is presented in the form of percentage.

Suppose the similarity value of a scientific paper has

a score of 30%, the number means that the level of

similarity of the paper with other writings on the

online portal as much as 30%. A final paper can be

said to be plagiarism free and deserves to be

published if the scanning process has been done

through Turnitin in the final project and the result is

below 30%.

For the thesis the value of similarity or similarity

below 30%, if there is still above it then it should be

analyzed, improved and guided by the lecturers ......"

(D1)

“The Turnitin value for a thesis must be lower

than 30%...” (D2)

“ it will be better if it is below 20 %, but it will be

too much for S1, so 30% will be just enough ...” (D3)

Prevention of Plagiarism Activities in Students Final Assignment

Students Final

Assignment

CHECK

FINISH

REVISION

<30 %

>30 %

Figure 2: The flowchart of final paper checking in the

faculty of education.

The flow illustrates a process of checking the

students’ final paper using Turnitin at the UPI Faculty

of Education, supervisors must ensure that the

students’ final paper must go through the process of

scanning using Turnitin. The paper which has

similarity score below 30% get recommendation of

plagiarism-free, while the final assignment which has

score above 30% must be analyzed and revised in

accordance with the direction so that the similarity

score can be below 30%..

4 CONCLUSIONS

The form of plagiarism that is generally done by the

students of the Faculty of Education in the

preparation of their final paper include copy paste,

shake and paste collection and translation. Factors

causing plagiarism among students in preparing the

final task include the lack of knowledge about the in

house style of writing, limited time, the development

of information technology (internet in particular) that

facilitate and open opportunities to cheat, some

lecturers are not aware on the issue of plagiarism, the

use of anti-plagiarism applications still not

maximized, lack of socialization about the issue of

plagiarism, and lack of workshop or training of final

paper. The handbook of writing scientific papers is

considered very important for students, it contains

matters relating to the ethics and guidelines that must

be obeyed and carried out with a sense of

responsibility by the academic community especially

Faculty of Education of UPI. Through scientific

ethics and guidelines in the manual, it is expected that

the students can have a sense of comfort, confidence,

and more careful in making scientific papers

especially for thesis. Preventive action by the

department regarding to the prevention of acts of

plagiarism among others is by conveying policies to

students to use manuals of scientific papers, checking

the level of similarity by using applications used at

the University level. Comprehensive understanding

of the technique of writing and avoiding plagiarism

should be familiarized in the world of universities, not

only to students but also to lecturers. Preventive

action that can be done in prevention of plagiarism by

the students by utilizing the center of learning

resources in the college (library) can be done by

consulting with the librarian, making the thorough

completion of student testing tasks, each chapter final

student task is tested through anti plagiarism

software, for example Turnitin. Turnitin is used by

the Indonesia University of Education as an anti-

plagiarism tool that is managed by the library,

Turnitin is a software that can track the level of

similarity of a paper with other writings that have

been first uploaded in various kinds of online portals.

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2338-6037. 1(1), 1-2. Agust 1, 2017.

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