Perception of Foreign Coach and Athletes about a Volleyball

Competition

Sujarwo Sujarwo and Putut Marhaento

Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No. 1 Yogyakarta. Indonesia.

jarwo@uny.ac.id

Keywords: Perception, Foreign Coach and Players PROLIGA.

Abstract: This research aims to find out what sort of perception of foreign players and coaches about the PROLIGA

volleyball competitions in Indonesia. Its very importance for the organizing commitee in PROLIGA to

improve the quality of event. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods in which

researchers would unearth information with directly with the respondent or subject coaches and foreign

players playing in the PROLIGA competition. Initial steps researchers will conduct a survey about coach

and players who compete in the PROLIGA, then researchers will be directly interviewed coaches and

athletes who play in foreign competitions PROLIGA. The target will be reached in this study is accurate

information about perceptions of coaches and players against the PROLIGA competition organized by the

PBVSI in collaboration with existing sponsors. How the even organizer made good competition or lack of

implementation both of the Committee or team participants. Recomendation from this research that in

perception of foreign coach and athletes about PROLIGA competition 2017 there was need to be improved,

especially on facilities of competitions for instance stadium, hall, court, dressing room through look for

more sponsorship, beside that athlete and coach should improve their abilities skill, and also experience

international competition.

1 INTRODUCTION

PROLIGA Volleyball competition is an annual

professional league in Indonesia. Through

Professional Volleyball Competition PROLIGA.

PROLIGA competition still to be improved, cause

lot of advantages. Experiences that local coach and

local player to learn every kind of technical and how

strategy from foreign coach and player can improve

our perspective in volleyball games. Finance for

coaches as well as athletes competed PROLIGA is

enough to make an extra income. Exercises

conducted over the past one year appreciated by a

contract that is promising for them.

There are still many shortcomings, particularly in

the conditioning of the team or event organizer

PROLIGA associated the presence of foreign

players or coaches. These foreign players and

coaches is presented in the event PROLIGA in

addition to allure the event is also to provide insights

to the coaches and players the ability to feel

Indonesia's local foreign players to arrive. The

Organization of the event is expected to generate the

PROLIGA the benefits mentioned above. However,

in such that it still has many constraints and also

problems occurred, such as the difficulty of permits

for foreign coaches or players. Those researchers

interested in examining the matter of perception for

coaches and foreign players against the holding of

competitions PROLIGA in 2017.

Perception is a process which proceeded by

sensing, a stimulus is received by an individual

through a sensory receptor that is tool (Hasminee

Uma, 2015). The perception of a stimulus is sensed

by individuals, organized and then interpreted so

that individuals realize and understand about what

senses. Factors that influence the perception of

basically divided into internal factors and external

factors. These also due to research that explained

that a better understanding of the movement system

function is one of conditions for cultivation and

development of game performance in volleyball

(Rostislav Voralek, 2010). 1) Internal factors that

influence perception, i.e. The facts contained in the

individual, who includes several things, among

others: a): Physiological information through our

senses, then the information retrieved will this affect

and complement efforts to give meaning to the

environment around it. Sensory capacity to person

for each person is different, so the interpretation of

the environment can also be different. b) Attention:

the individual requires a certain amount of energy is

Sujarwo, S. and Marhaento, P.

Perception of Foreign Coach and Athletes about a Volleyball Competition.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 87-91

ISBN: 978-989-758-317-9

expended to pay attention or focus on the physical

and mental facilities that exist on an object. The

energy of each person is different, so that one's

attention towards objects is also different and this

will affect the perception of an object. c) Interests:

perceptions towards an object varies depending on

how much energy or perceptual vigilance that is

moved to percept. Perceptual vigilance is the

tendency of a person to pay attention to the

particular type of stimulus or can be said to be

interested. d) Needs a unidirectional: this factor can

be seen from how strong an individual searching for

objects or messages that can provide answers to

correspond with him. e) Experience and memory:

experience can be said to depend on the memory in

the sense of the extent to which a person can recall

the events of the past to figure out stimulation in that

sense. f) Mood: emotional state affects the person's

behavior, mood shows how feelings of a person at a

time can affect how a person in a receiving, react

and remember. 2) External factors that affect

perception, is characteristic of the environment and

the objects involved. These elements can change a

person's point of view towards the surrounding

world and affects how someone feels it or accept it.

Meanwhile, the external factors that affect

perception are: a) the size and placement of the

object or stimulus: it states that the more factors

huge an object relationship, then the easier it is to

understand. This shape will affect the perception of

the individual and by looking at the shape of the size

of an individual object would be easy to turn

attention to the forms of perception. b) Color of

objects: objects that have a lot more light, it would

be more understandable (perceived to be) compared

with that a bit. c) Uniqueness and contrasts the

stimulus: a stimulus that his performance with the

background and its surroundings that are completely

outside of the supposition of other individuals who

will attract attention. d) Intensity and power of the

stimulus: a stimulus from the outside will give more

meaning when it is most often observed compared to

only once seen. The strength of the stimulus is the

power of an object which can affect perception. e)

Motion or movement: the individual will give much

attention to objects that provide movement within

range of views than the object still. Perception is a

process which proceeded by sensing, i.e. is the

process of receipt of stimulus by individuals through

the senses or also known as sensory processes (Bimo

Walgito, 1980). An experienced volleyball player

like foreign players and also the already often play

in a national event or PROLIGA definitely has the

ability to predict or react better than inexperienced

athletes. It is similar to research conducted

(Vansteenkiste, 2014) more experienced players do

not react faster and more accurately because they

have a different visual strategy.

The launch of the PROLIGA is the result of

breakthrough's Rita Subowo who was serving as

Chairman of PP PBVSI. She saw a decline both in

terms of coaching volleyball, competition, as well as

accomplishment, for it is a need for a more

professional competition (Yusovolley, 2017).

Through Professional Volleyball Competition

PROLIGA Rita hope the popularity of volleyball is

increasingly declining in the community would be

excited again. She says: "in order that the program

be managed competition system is good and the

quality of the players is very high, it is absolutely

necessary for that entire team compete should be

reinforced by one or two foreign players who have

the ability and ideal height. In addition to height and

abilities, discipline and professional attitude of the

foreign players are expected to be used as a role

model for our players. "The existence of a model

specializing in the composition of the team further

improve competitive power for each player or

athlete, it is similar to research conducted (Francine

Caetano de andrane, 2014). Based on the perception

of each position it is possible to speculate that loads

the internal perception of volleyball players is

associated with the specific motor action of the

functions they perform. On that basis and on the

competition team PROLIGA using foreign players,

although in fact the quality of the players that he

brought there that does not comply with

expectations. On the holding of this first PROLIGA,

organizers with partners from TVRI and Trans TV

to broadcast the competition, either in the highlights,

delayed broadcasts as well as live broadcasts, so that

the match can be seen not only by the audience who

came to the venue but can also be witnessed by

millions of viewers through the television screen.

The existence of impressions direct or delay of two

television stations on every weekend during its run

on average 5 hours each week plus promotional

efforts undertaken in each region when the match

was held, led by the public becomes unbelievable. It

can be seen from the large number of spectators who

came to the match venues and a peak on the final

date of 7 April 2002 at Istora Senayan populated

mostly by the “volimania”. Other rationale against

birth PROLIGA is the existence of a hope to raise

the welfare of neither the Club nor the player

volleyball ground water through this annual

competition (Volimania, 2017).

ICSSHPE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education

Development of the PROLIGA from year to year

(2002-2017)

Professional PROLIGA volleyball competitions

from year to year are experiencing ups and downs, it

is also influenced by the presence of Executive

Board policy PP. PBVSI related participation team

and also sponsors of teams that will compete largely

dominated by State Owen Enterprises or companies

who also experienced the ups and downs of financial

conditions set by the Government. PROLIGA

competition during 5 year competition need quality

of volleyball players good enough, these conditions

also same with (Janakka Prasanna Gamage, and

Angela De Silva, 2014). adequate quality and

quantity of athletes’ competition day diet is critically

important for better performance and optimum

recovery. Foreign players and foreign coaches also

need to adapt to either quickly because it needs a

solid team within 3 months of preparation for a

demanding, besides the PROLIGA foreign players

and foreign coaches soon adapt well should be a

local team or local players could receive foreign

players, because basically the volleyball team is a

game filled with cooperation. Every player in

PROLIGA competition has specialization in

position, these also same with research (Jeremy M.

Sheppard, 2009) the specialized role of the various

positions in volleyball and the specific task. Team

play is an element that could therefore be one of the

reasons behind the popularity of volleyball. Based

on these research (Mukhwinder Singh, 2015) in

volleyball, each playing position requires a varying

game skill. The team who play together as a team,

and not just as a bunch of strangers, have often more

successful and probably also drawn more us

viewers’ loyal fans since it might lead to stronger

feelings of togetherness and family, belongings. The

level of competition is also very importance to

attrack spectator, thic condition due to research that

conduct from (Antonio Garsia-de-Alcaraz and Rui

Marcelino, 2017).

2 METHODS

2.1 Research Design

This descriptive research with qualitative data

collection techniques with in-depth interviews (in

depth interview). Kualitatif is a research study that

aims to understand the phenomenon of what is

experienced by the subject of the research, e.g.,

Behaviour’s, perceptions, motivations, actions and

other, holistically, and by means of the description

in the form of words and language, in a special

natural context and by utilizing various scientific

methods (Lexy J. Moleong, 2014).

Initial steps already undertaken by the

researchers are seeking preliminary information

about the PROLIGA event in 2017 and foreign

players and coaches involved in the event. The next

activity that does is: reviewing literature on

Perceptions and also the PROLIGA, after would be

sure then arranged a guidance interview, then after

the interview guidelines composed, then in the FGD

or with the method of Delphi to the expert, then

action onto the field to retrieve the data.

2.2 Research Subject

The subject of the research in this study are the

coaches and foreign players who participated in the

competition in 2017 PROLIGA, namely foreign

coaches there are 2 foreign players that come from

Montenegro, and Australia and 1 coach from

Finland, Europe. All of them both coach and athlets

were play in their National Team in their country

until right now.

2.3 Research instrument

Qualitative research is a hallmark of researchers as

an instrument collecting data; the researchers

determined the overall role of the screenplay. The

ability of the researcher as an instrument can be

improved by the way first of all researchers should

always go to the new situation in order to gain

experience, and then trying to take down anything

that happened and interviewing some of the people

as well as noting whatever be the outcome of the

talks (Lexy J. Moleong, 2014).

2.4 Data analysis techniques

Data analysis is the process of organizing and

sorting the data into patterns, categories, and the

basic description, unit so that it can be found and can

be formulated the working hypothesis as suggested

by the data. Technique of data analysis in this study

using a model developed by Miles and Huberman,

the data analysis is based on the view of positivism

paradigm. The existence of the mapping and

description of the data into a matrix, the following

steps data analysis: 1) data reduction; 2)

Categorization; 3) synthesis; 4) compose the

working hypothesis (Lexy J. Moleong, 2014).

Perception of Foreign Coach and Athletes about a Volleyball Competition

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

From Shailen Ramdoo one of PROLIGA coach

(Finland Europe), that have been stayed Indonesia

for 3 months, for Jakarta Pertamina Energy

Volleyball Team. On his perception PROLIGA

event that held in Indonesia was professional

competition, but little current and security for

foreign players. Still to be improved management of

team as coach, he got 15000USD and 3000USD for

bonus, that is a small salary for professional coach.

PROLIGA good league to develop fully if the right

professionals are able to work in the right

departments. Need 4-5 months to coach and athlete

preparing for PROLIGA long league with more

matches. He also suggests that Indonesian volleyball

athletes need to be hygene, for discipline and body

care, for example before playing volleyball

competition they eat KFC. Not enough games in

order to raise the level of PROLIGA. PROLIGA was

good competition, and loved by the fans. Great

atmosphere for players and coaches.

Good culture and great smile from everybody. In

general local players are good. But they need all

year round training not just few months. With some

restructuring of their trainings and financial

assistance, the league PROLIGA will benefit. But

some local players are too greedy or lazy attitude,

mainly men. Women were more dedicated. Local

coaches need to accept that learning everyday will

raise the PROLIGA. Encourage and employ coaches

to learn and update themselves regarding the modern

volleyball in all aspects not only tactics or skills. He

suggests for Indonesian coaches many more aspects

to learn such as management of team or individual

coaching and more ideas can be obtained if

necessary.

From foreign athletes, Paul Sanderson

(Australia), he has two seasons in PROLIGA

competition, so more experiences in Indonesia

conditions and situations. His perception about

PROLIGA competition was enjoyed playing, and

challenging competition. Jakarta Pertamina Energy

was the team that followed. Contract for salary was

okay. But he didn't want to say how much causes is

privacy. The weather of Indonesia sometimes didn't

well for him. The another perception of hi, that court

and stadium some of place poor quality. Beside that

there are good points of PROLIGA competition

where people tamales' and environment to play. His

perception about local player were few qualities and

importance to have as many as possible on the team.

Perception about local coach, that local coach was

respected by the players that were important in

Indonesia. His suggestion for PROLIGA need more

sponsors, put matches on television, and the

spectator so good in Indonesia.

From foreign athletes, Aleksandar Minic

(Montenegro), four months in Indonesia. His

perception about PROLIGA that every team has a

similar quality, and every game has interesting. The

Jakarta Pertamina Energy team that he's followed on

PROLIGA 2017. His perception about PROLIGA

poor of space warm up and the hall doesn’t have

dressing rooms. The match doesn't start at the time.

Good team every team can beat each other so every

team were equal. About Indonesian players, his

perception they don't have technical quality like

players in Europe, as seem as research from (J.M.

Palao, J.A. Santos and A. Urena, 2017) that every

players in volleyball team need to have a good skill

in all techniques, but they jump ability so high and

good attack. Because those volleyball characteristic

it can involve that volleyball games can produce

injuries for athletes, These conditions need to be

evaluated, from research (EALM Verhagen, 2004)

about volleyball injuries can show common issue

that ankle sprain is the most happened in volleyball.

Perception about local coach have nice people, good

tactic, good cooperation, without misunderstanding.

Suggestion for PROLIGA even can make the

tournament played in two halls not just in one heals.

Grounded theory that founded from this research

that very importance was nutrient that needed for

volleyball athlete in PROLIGA competition should

be focused or consider. Beside that local player or

athlete had a bad habbit that too greedy or lazy

attitude. Coach need to improve how to manage their

team and spesific individual coaching creativity. The

skill of players need to be evaluate and check in

every competition to set up the strategy of team and

coach (Laios Yiannis and Kountouris Panagiotis,

2017). Predicting game outcome from the five

“counter attacked” variables, resulted in one

significant function and “ace” was selected to enter

into the final model. None of the three “dig” or the

four “block” categories were significantly

discriminating game outcome. These results

conclude that “ace” in service and in counterattack

remain powerful aggressive tools for high level

teams and were predictors to win (Eleni Zetou, et. al,

2017).

4 CONCLUSIONS

Perception of foreign coach and athletes about

PROLIGA competition 2017 there was need to be

ICSSHPE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education

improved, especially on facilities of competitions for

instance stadium, hall, court, dressing room through

look for more sponsorship, beside that athlete and

coach should improve their abilities skill, and also

experience international competition, also quality

insurance for coach and athletes were poor.

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Perception of Foreign Coach and Athletes about a Volleyball Competition