Quality of Life of West Java Paralympic Athletes

Sufyar Mudjianto

, Eka Nugraha

, Arif Wahyudi

and Muhammad Ihsan

Paralympic, National Paralympic Committe Indonesia , Pajajaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia,

Jln. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung, Indonesia

sufyarfpok@upi.edu

Keywords: Quality of life, Athlete Paralympic, Gender and Background Education.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the quality of life of Paralympic athletes who are members in West Java

Paralympic 2016. The research method is a method of cross-sectional descriptive analytical. The population

of all the people who have disabilities, the sample is athletes at the Paralympic West Java with saturated

sampling technique. The instrument used questionnaire WHOQOL-BREF. The results of the analysis and

calculation of the data obtained, the four domains: physical health, psychological well-being, social

relationships and the relationship with the environment is a good average range. Conclusion of the study

that the quality of life for Paralympic athletes belonging from gender male better Paralympic West Java.

Compared to female. And background education elementary school better Paralympic West Java. Compared

to junior and senior high school.

1 INTRODUCTION

Quality of life is "Individual perception of Reviews

their position in life in the context of the culture's

value systems in the which they live and in relation

to Reviews their goals, expectations, standards, and

concerns. Quality of life related to the achievement

of the ideal of human life that is acceptable in

general, can also be subjective feelings, regarding

the well-being based on the important choices in life

(Snyder, 2004).

According WHOQOL quality of life has six

domains: (1) physical health, (2) psychological well-

being, (3) the degree of independence, (4) social

relationships, (5) the relationship with the

environment and (6) spiritual state. WHOQOL was

later remade into instrument WHOQOL-BREF

where six dimensions were then narrowed again into

four domains: (1) physical health, (2) psychological

well-being, (3) social relationships, (4) the

relationship with the environment. (WHO, 1996).

Physical activity contribute to the quality of life,

psychological health, and the ability to keep pace

with the demands of physical labor. The impact of

physical activity itself, among others, the impact of

physical, mental and social. There is a tendency of

better quality of life could not have been obtained

without physical activity or sport. (Abduljabar,

2011).

A form of physical activity can include activities

as simple as basic movements routine daily

activities, such as walking, stepping, running,

jumping, and move from one side to the other,

throwing an easy movement performed by a normal

human being, but for our fellow colleagues who are

not lucky, (the disability) or with special needs, by

definition is the lost of limitation of opportunities to

take the part in normal life in the community on an

equal level with other due to physical or social

barriers: Children with special need, may have

physical disabilities(Physical), Mental or

Intellectual, with various types inability (Adams,

2009).The things mentioned above is a problem with

a particular difficulty that different, but on the other

hand there are individuals who respite from their

environment is to appear through physical activity,

be athletes selected to Paralympic faced 2016.

The disability is physical activities such as

football is not just a team to win the game alone, but

football can be used as a tool change to the quality

of life of the marginalized from public life. FIFA

through its program that is football for hope

expressed that football is more than just a game.

Through its unique power and universality, football

482

Mudjianto, S., Nugraha, E., Wahyudi, A. and Ihsan, M.

Quality of Life of West Java Paralympic Athletes.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 482-485

ISBN: 978-989-758-317-9

can bring people together, transform lives and

inspire entire communities (FIFA, 2014).

In Indonesia often face social problems for

people who are not fortunate often in marginal by

the surrounding community. The word "marginal" is

construed as a limitation. According to the terms,

marginal are the ones who can not adapt and engage

in the development process, lack of support and

attention can affect the marginalized itself difficult

to socialize with the environment and society, even

difficult to get fair treatment so psychologically was

not prosperous, it impacts on the quality of life of

disabled people.

Paralympic/Special Olympics disabled people

open up their opportunities to be able to demonstrate

teak, so they have the opportunity prosperous

plenary, the idea is based on the need for a study

related to the quality of life of disabled people both

athletes based on gender and background education,

Paralympic athletes represented by athletes West

Java in 2016.

2 METHODS

This study uses a descriptive cross-sectional

analysis, with the main objective to systematically

describe the facts and characteristics of the subjects

studied properly. Therefore, this research is research

in which the data collection process to determine the

status or position of something related to state and

current events.

In this study participant, as object of research is

the whole Handicapped/ disabled people which is

located in Bandung, Indonesia, while the participant

of athletes are all athletes Paralympic West Java

prepared to Paralympic 2016.

Instrument or measuring instrument using a

questionnaire that is standard, the World Health

Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL -

BREF) is used as a data collector. Number of items

on this measure as many as 26 items, the item in

question WHOQOL-BREF consists of two items of

generic (overall QOL and general health), and 24

items in elaboration of the four dimensions, namely

physical health (7 items), psychological well-being

(6 items), social relationships (3 items) and

relationships with the environment (8 items) (WHO,

1996).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Based on the results of calculation of the percentage

score for each domain that has been transformed into

a measuring instrument WHOQOL-100, the

obtained data such as the bar chart figure 1 and 2, as

follows:

Figure 1: Environment domain score with gender.

Can be seen from figure 1. male environment

domain score is score with highest percentage of

women for Paralympic athletes 2016while the

relationship with physical health scores higher than

men's men and includes the second highest domain,

while the psychological welfare domain of men is

higher than women and occupies the third position

but because of the domain score of social relations

between men and women balanced is the lowest

level of all domains that exist as well as physical

health domain is the most prominent distinction

between men and women athletes Paralympic West

Java 2016 , as for the fourth domain is Psychological

Welfare difference is not too flashy.

Figure 2: Environmental domain score with school

education background.

Can be seen from Figure 2. Environmental

domain score with elementary school education

Quality of Life of West Java Paralympic Athletes

483

background is the highest percentage score from

senior high school and junior high school for

Paralympic athletes 2016, whereas the relationship

with physical health scores with a higher elementary

school education background, between junior and

senior secondary schools is balanced and includes

the second highest domain. The psychological

welfare domain score with higher primary school

education background, high scores of both high

school and lowest junior high score and occupying

the position the third but because the social relations

domain score with a high school education

background is higher than high school and primary

school that is the lowest level of all domains that

exist as well as the environment domain is a

differentiator the most striking with the educational

background between elementary, junior and senior

high school athletes paralympic West Java 2016, as

for the fourth domain of physical health is not too

striking difference.

4 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the research, processing and analysis of

data shows that the quality of life for Paralympic

athletes belonging from gender male better

Paralympic West Java. Compared to female. And

background education elementary school better

Paralympic West Java. Compared to junior and

senior high school.

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