Effect of Frequency of Backhand Short Service Exercise between

Frequency of Exercise Three Times and Four Times a Week to

Improving Short Backhand Service Skills

Muhamad Tafaqur and Satriya Satriya

Sport Education Program, Postgraduate School, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Jln. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung,

Indonesia

muhamad.tafaqur@upi.edu

Keywords: Exercise Frequency, Three and Four Times a Week, Backhand Short Service.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the difference in the effect of a short backhand service exercise between three

and four times a week training on short backhand service skills in badminton games. The sample was 20

young boy badminton players of PB Champion Comal. The method was experimental study. The result

showed that the t observed value 2,768 is higher than the t critical value 2,262 in 5% significance level and

df=9. It means that the hypothesis claiming that there is significant difference in the backhand short service

between three time and four times a week exercise frequency. The mean calculation results show that the

mean experimental group is larger than the control group, i.e. 18,1 > 16,7. This means that four times a

week short service backhand exercise is better than the frequency of training three times a week on the short

backhand service skills in badminton games.

1 INTRODUCTION

To improve the quality of badminton games, from

the beginning a player needs to understand and

master basic techniques in badminton games. One of

the basic techniques that must be mastered by

badminton players is service.

Regarding the short backhand service, PBSI

(2010) explains that:

This type of service in general, the direction and

fall of shuttle cock as close to the attack line as

possible opponent player. And the shuttlecock as far

as possible hover relatively close above the net (net),

therefore, this type of service is often used by double

players.

 The correct standing position is that the right

foot is in front of the left foot, with the tip of

the right foot pointing to the desired target.

Both legs are open as wide as the hips, the

knees are bent. With this position, the weight

is placed between the legs. The posture

remains relaxed and full of concentration;

 The racket swing is relatively short, so the

shuttlecock is only encouraged with the help

of a weight shift from the back to the front

foot, with the rhythm of continuous and

harmonious motion. Avoid using excessive

wrist power, as it will affect the direction and

accuracy of the shots;

 Before serving, note the position and standing

stance of the opponent, so that it can direct

shuttlecock to the right target and as expected;

 Get used to practice with the number of

Shuttle cock a lot and over and over without

boredom, to be able to master the movement

and skills of this service with a whole and

good / perfect.

The results showed that the kinematics pattern

was similar between smash and clear strokes, but

different from drop shot (Tsai et al., 2000). The

wrist joint exerted the greatest velocity and power in

all three kinds of strokes than the elbow and

shoulder. We found the extensor muscles of wrist

were suffering the eccentric contraction before

contact. It is the reason why the new learner is

always experience the pain of the wrist extensors. It

is realized that the regular training on the wrist

extensors will reduce likelihood of injury due to

stress the wrist extensor through eccentric

contraction during acceleration phase.

Badminton requires a combination of strength,

speed and stamina (Mills, 1977). Training of aerobic

and anaerobic mechanisms is advised. At a high

Tafaqur, M. and Satriya, S.

Effect of Frequency of Backhand Short Service Exercise between Frequency of Exercise Three Times and Four Times a Week to Improving Short Backhand Service Skills.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education (ICSSHPE 2017) - Volume 2, pages 417-419

ISBN: 978-989-758-317-9

417

level of performance intensive specific conditioning

is recommended. For younger players Begg (1973)

concluded that there is little value in embarking on

intensive training before the adolescent growth

spurt. Beggs' report of the death on the badminton

court of a 19-year-old girl found to have mitral

stenosis underlines the importance of medical

screening. This would particularly apply in

sedentary adults taking up badminton for recreation.

Apart from medical "screening" appropriate medical

attention to injury is important. Who to go to is not

always obvious to the injured player.

This study described the different biomechanical

characteristics between the smash, clear and the drop

shot of the elite badminton player (Chatzopoulos et

al., 2006). The results showed that the kinematics

pattern was similar between smash and clear strokes,

but different from drop shot. The wrist joint exerted

the greatest velocity and power in all three kinds of

strokes than the elbow and shoulder. We found the

extensor muscles of wrist were suffering the

eccentric contraction before contact. It is the reason

why the new learner is always experience the pain of

the wrist extensors. It is realized that the regular

training on the wrist extensors will reduce likelihood

of injury due to stress the wrist extensor through

eccentric contraction during acceleration phase.

To be able to master the skills of short service

backhand movement it is needed the process of

training. To get a good workout results then the right

training method is needed.

2 METHODS

The method was experimental study. The

experimental method is a research method used to

find the effect of certain treatment on another in

controlled condition. The instrument used in this

research is by using the test. The test used in this

research is a placement short service skill test in the

game Badminton which has the validity of 0.68 and

reliability 0.84. The population in this study is the

male badminton player. Of PB Champion Comal

Kabupaten Pemalang consisting of 20 players. They

are between 13-15 years old. The sampling

technique in this study used total sampling technique

that is all the individuals in the population were

sampled. The sample was all the players of PB

Champion Comal Kabupaten Pemalang consisting of

20 players.

On the day following the completion of practice

the subjects were given a retention and transfer test

(Goode and Magill, 1986). Results replicated

previous findings of contextual interference research

by showing a significant group by block interaction

between acquisition trials, retention, and transfer.

The random group performed better on both

retention and transfer than the blocked group. The

significant trial block by contextual interference

interaction also supports the generalizability of

contextual interference effects, as posited by Shea

and Morgan (1979), to the teaching of motor skills.

3 RESULTS

The calculation results are entered into the t-test

formula to obtain the value of t, the result of the

calculation can be seen in appendix 12. The

observed value was 2,768 in 5% significance level

and df=9 and the critical value was 2,262. This

means that t observed is greater than the value of t

critical value.

It means that the alternative hypothesis claiming

that: There is a significant difference in the effect of

a short backhand service exercise between three and

four times a week training on short backhand service

skills in badminton games. In PB Champion Carnal

Kabupaten Pemalang” was accepted.

4 DISCUSSION

From the means difference analysis, the means of

experimental group 18,1 is better than that of the

control group 16,7. This means that four times a

week short service backhand exercise is better than

the frequency of training three times a week on the

short backhand service skills in badminton games

for PB Champion Kabupaten Pemalang players. The

result of the analysis, it was found out that four time

a week exercise is better than the tree time a week

exercise for PB Champion Kabupaten Pemalang

players. Skill exercises including a short serve

backhand exercise with a frequency of four times a

week will be better than three times a week. The

intensity for four time a week exercise is relatively

high. Because skills training requires technical

oversight and remediation of the techniques

themselves, Skills training requires considerable

time and practice, in contrast to physical exercise

(Côté, et al., 2007; Strecher et al., 1986). Frequent

training will lead to better motor enhancement that

will facilitate the autonomous movements. Thus,

doing backhand short service shot will find no

significant problem. Skill training with three time a

ICSSHPE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sports Science, Health and Physical Education

418

week exercise result in less effective result.

Exercise three times a week to provide skill training

is rare, because skill training requires a high

frequency of exercise. Kraemer and Ratamess

(2004) said that A relatively high exercise frequency

in skill training will lead to improved motor training.

Nevertheless, three times a week exercise is very

good for physical exercise. Three times a week for

physical exercise has a very good recovery cycle, so

the day of practice to the next exercise day the

energy has recovered. Thus, it can avoid fatigue and

injury.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Based on the statistical computation the t observed

of 2,768 is higher than the t critical 2,262 in df=9

and 5% significance level. It can be concluded that

there is a significant difference in the effect of a

short backhand service exercise between three and

four times a week training on short backhand service

skills in badminton games of PB Champion

Kabupaten Pemalang players.

From further analysis, it was discovered that the

means of experimental group 18,1 outscore the

control group 16,7. It means that: Four times a week

short service backhand exercise is better than the

frequency of training three times a week on the short

backhand service skills in badminton games for PB

Champion Kabupaten Pemalang players.

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Effect of Frequency of Backhand Short Service Exercise between Frequency of Exercise Three Times and Four Times a Week to Improving

Short Backhand Service Skills

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