The Role of Family Economic Programs in Reducing Poverty

Sri Herianingrum, Nisrina Firdaus, Tika Widiastuti

and Irham Zaki

Department of Economic and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

{sri.herianingrum, tika.widiastuti, Irham.zaki}@feb.unair.ac.id, nisrinafirdaus7@gmail.com

Keywords: Economics Family Programs, Economic Empowerment, Institution Aisyah Muhammadiyah, Poverty.

Abstract: Poverty is the main problem faced by the nation of Indonesia where one of the measurements of poverty in

terms of the expenditure side, while in Islam there is a more comprehensive indicator in measuring poverty,

i.e. maqashid sharia. The institutions ' Aisyiyah was instrumental in reducing the problem of poverty, one of

them with a program of economic families. The purpose of this research is to know the role of the family

economic program on the institutions ' Aisyiyah Muhammadiyah in economic empowerment perspective

trends of maqashid Sharia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative approach with case studies.

Data collection is done with the interview and documentation. The technique of the validity of the data

using triangulation technique data. Technical analysis by reduction of the data, the presentation of the data,

and draw conclusions. The results of this research are the institutions ' Aisha was instrumental in the

economic empowerment of people through economic family program. This program consists of, the

program's synergy with government agencies, training and mentoring. The success of this program can be

viewed from the maintenance indicator trends, namely the maintenance of Islamic religion, soul, intellect,

lineage, and treasure. Five of these aspects have been met in the process of economic empowerment.

1 INTRODUCTION

In Indonesia, poverty is a major problem that is

being faced and is still unresolved. In 2010 recorded

the total population residing in the poverty line after

roughly 31 million and an economic gap reached

0.38%. In 2011, poverty declines when compared to

the 2010, namely amounting to 30 million

inhabitants. On the other hand, the economic gap in

Indonesia thus increased from 0.38 to 0.41. The

amount of poverty in Indonesia from year 2012-

2013 continues to decline, among others being 29

million inhabitants, but the level of the gap during

that period still remains the same i.e. 0.41. (BPS,

2010-2013) This proves that the decrease in the

number of poverty is not necessarily directly

proportional to decreasing economic disparities. One

of the ways that you can assign in overcoming

poverty is through family economic improvement

program. This program is a program of

empowerment of women, which the program

activities empowering women is in fact tantamount

to empower nation. In this context, empowerment is

suitable for women whose encouraging women to

entrepreneurship.

In Indonesia, there is one of the da'wah

institutions that the main focus is for the

empowerment of women, i.e. 'Aisyiyah.

Autonomous institution Aisyiyah established by

Muhammadiyah that focus on women's

empowerment. In East Java province, one of the

areas ' superior Aisyiyah in economics is an area of

Sidoarjo. Things aspects influenced PDA ' Aisyiyah

Sidoarjo excelled in economics is because the PDA '

charitable efforts have Sidoarjo Aisyiyah seeded in

the field of Economics, namely Cooperatives As-

Sakinah which has programs of economic and

employment tribunal progam. The leadership of the

region ' Aisyiyah Sidoarjo (PDA) can run as

expected, one of which is the family's economic

program (BUEKA). The role of cooperatives As-

Sakinah in the program BUEKA in the PDA

Sidoarjo as funding, escort, training, and marketing.

PDA Sidoarjo is one area of success in running

this program because of the existence of a

partnership between local government, the Aisyiyah,

and other related parties. Regional authorities in

question here is a service of KOPERINDAG

(cooperative, industry and trade) of the town of

Sidoarjo, East Java region and a role to provide

training related to the effort. PDA Sidoarjo was cast

Herianingrum, S., Firdaus, N., Widiastuti, T. and Zaki, I.

The Role of Family Economic Programs in Reducing Poverty.

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business, and Philanthropy (ICIEBP 2017) - Transforming Islamic Economy and Societies, pages 21-25

ISBN: 978-989-758-315-5

in terms of accompaniment to keep the motivation

group in entrepreneurship. The gap between rich and

poor people hard-dieliminir, need for the role of

program to adress them. Based on the above

background, this paper examines the role of the

economic program of the family in reducing

poverty.

2 FOUNDATION OF THEORY

2.1 Empowerment (Tamkîn) in Al-

Qur’an Perspective

Tamkîn words in the dictionaries of the language is a

form of mashdar from fi'il (the verb) makkana. The

word has the same meaning with the word amkana.

The word 











 is concerned with the words 











 and









. The author of al-fî al-Lughah Muhith said in

Sanrego and Taufik (2016:75) that 







 and 













mean they are herbivorous, dragon eggs stored

somewhere). In the Hadith mentioned, "let birds that

live in the nest or place of residence."

The author of Al-Shihhah fî al-Lughah carries

another meaning of the word 











 in Sanrego and

Taufik (2016:75-76) namely:

"God gives power and strengthens it over something.

These people have a positionor power or influence

over something. Or that person has the ability to do

something. "

According to Ibn Darid in Jamharah al-Lughah

in Sanrego and Taufik (2016:76):

"Fulan has food on the side of the ruler it meant he

had a position."

Thus the word tamkîn shows the capability of

doing something, sturdiness, strength, power,

influence, and have a seat somewhere, either in hissi

(can be felt or material in nature) or are ma'nawi

such as its sturdy or overdrive people on the side of

the ruler. Sense of the word tamkîn in the language

of economics can be termed empowerment, where

empowerment cannot be separated from the power

of the individual or group who have the opportunity

to use her power into their hands and redistributed

their power to the weak. Empowerment aims to

improve the strength of the disadvantaged.

Defining empowerment with tamkîn was also

mentioned by Raihan. Raihan in Sanreego and

Taufik (2016:77):

"Sustainable Empowerment (at-tamkîn al-

mustadâm) the intent is to give full powers to the

community in order to grow and could reach the

development and understand it from all sides."

2.2 Institutional Economics Function

Countries with good institutions better able to

allocate resources more efficiently, so that

economics can work better. Strong also will bear the

right economic policies and credible, so that various

forms of market failure could be resolved.

Conversely, a bad institution will only become a

burden that will always impede the economy to

work properly. Policy born of an institution that is

bad is also potentially a major failure in the policy

level (policy failure). This of course would further

exacerbate the disadvantages posed by the existence

of a market failure.

3 RESEARCH METODE

The research method used is descriptive qualitative

approach with case studies. Data collection is done

with the interview and documentation. The

technique used to check the validity of the data is

triangular engineering data. Technical analysis by

reduction of the data, the presentation of the data,

and perfect conclusions. The interview is conducted

to the Chairman, Vice Chairman, Chairman of the

Assembly's economic and employment in Sidoarjo, a

member of the BUEKA. Treasurer of the

cooperative As-Sakinah, as well as documentation

that describes the development of the program of

economic empowerment.

4 DISCUSSION

Economic empowerment, which is done by Aisha

with the economic program of the family known as

BUEKA for the region of Sidoarjo is performed with

the synergy of multiple party roles and functions of

each. The goal of the program to achieve the

synergy of stakeholders is economic empowerment.

Economic empowerment here involves four

stakeholders who have a role and function. These

stakeholders include PDA Sidoarjo, Cooperative As-

Sakinah, the Government and sponsors, as well as

the community of Sidoarjo itself, particularly the

members of the BUEKA. The first stakeholder is the

leader of the 'Aisyiyah (PDA) Sidoarjo. PDA

Sidoarjo is a main party in the process of economic

empowerment of women, because the PDA Sidoarjo

is a propagation Institute consists of women who

contributed to advancing women Indonesia by doing

the empowerment of women, especially in the field

of Economics in the area of Sidoarjo. The second is

ICIEBP 2017 - 1st International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business and Philanthropy

the stakeholder Co-operatives As-Sakinah. As-

Sakinah cooperative is a cooperative incorporated

Sharia law since 1999 a main container for PDA or

Sidoarjo in doing economic empowerment in the

area of Sidoarjo. By doing this, As-Sakinah

cooperative empowerment divide members'

Aisyiyah incorporated in it in a small groups. The

third is the Government stakeholders and sponsors.

The Government that involved in the empowerment

is Dinas KOPERINDAG (cooperatives, SMES,

industry, trade) either in the region or in the region

of Sidoarjo, East Java. That question is the sponsor

of all parties who participate in supporting this

program, such as the brand product. The fourth is the

community stakeholders Sidoarjo, a member of the

BUEKA and is the most important parties in

economic empowerment programs because they are

the subject of economic empowerment in the area of

Sidoarjo.

The role undertaken by the PDA Sidoarjo as the

initiator has the ideals of economic boost and create

concepts on economic empowerment programs.

Expected with economic empowerment, will

improve the welfare of the family and the overall

economy will improve the people especially in the

area of Sidoarjo. The role of Cooperatives As-

Sakinah is as finance support i.e. as a provider of

funds for PDA Sidoarjo to support members of the

BUEKA who have difficulties of capital. The role of

Government and the sponsors in the program is as a

facilitator in support of the program. The role of

Community Member BUEKA, Sidoarjo, i.e. as

aspirator which play an important role in the running

of programs because they are the subject of

economic empowerment whereby each step from

concept formulation, implementation, and evaluation

the program should take into consideration the

aspirations of those so that the program can run well

and smoothly.

PDA Sidoarjo has executive functions that run

the whole programs of MUSYKER results

(Deliberation of work). Meanwhile, the functions of

Cooperatives As-Sakinah is doing the financing

against BUEKA groups that have difficulties venture

capital so as to increase the economic purpose

through the women can run well and smoothly. The

function of the Government and sponsors is to

empowerment where they focus in the field of

mentoring through training, education and skill

enhancement. The function of the community, i.e.

Member of Sidoarjo BUEKA, as a participatory

contribute real economic empowerment program

because they become power to facilitate economic

empowerment programs. The overall synergy of the

efforts of stakeholders in facilitate the economic

empowerment program is oriented so that the

improved economy, human resources and quality

products can be realized and the well-being of the

people as a whole can be achieved.

On PDA Siodarjo has a special department that

handles about increased economy of the people's

Assembly, namely the economy and Employment.

The vision of economic and Employment Tribunal is

to develop, enhance, and empower economic

communities, whether through entrepreneurial

development as well as skills training and

networking efforts. Economic and Employment

Tribunal is one Division namely entrepreneurship

Division which has the goal of developing

entrepreneurship to increase income of economic

families.

One of the barriers experienced by women and

other entrepreneurs in the business is the capital

problems. To solve these problems, the PDA

Sidoarjo in Assembly economy and Employment as

well as cooperative As-Sakinah, assists its members

to make it easier to get venture capital so it can

streamline the process of establishment and

sustainability efforts members.

The existence of the Tribunal of the economy

and employment and Cooperative As-Sakinah

together form a pattern of economic empowerment

of women through small groups. So far BUEKA

members continue to experience increased due to a

massive recruitment patterns and easily accepted by

the society. Recruitment of members through regular

payroll activities from members' Aisyiyah and

sympathizers, then followed with a personal

approach.

After members of the BUEKA have got an extra

effort and skill, Sidoarjo PDA will also provide

training related to technical issues encountered

members when running its business. If there are

technical problems, need for activity identification

of technical problems faced by members will then be

held training to solve the problem of members. For

example when it has established the business, the

venture will not usually directly sell and it is due to

the marketing hasn't been fullest so people don't yet

know our efforts. Based on this kind of phenomenon

is certainly the Sidoarjo PDA will do training about

marketing. In conducting this training, they could

cooperate with the Office of KOPERINDAG or

invite experts who already comply with this material

to fill their fields. This training cycle will not be

stopped in one round but will run repeats

continuously.

The Role of Family Economic Programs in Reducing Poverty

The success of the role of the PDA Sidoarjo in

doing economic empowerment is a member of the

BUEKA in the self-sufficiency encouraged him to

set up a business. An increase in the independence

of the members of BUEKA can be seen from the

increase in the income of the members from the

results of his efforts. But the income is not the only

indicator that determines the independence of the

members, it is also determined by the members

awareness to meet the aspect of Sharia through the

income has been generated and the facilities have

been given PDAS Sidoarjo through the BUEKA

program. Thus, later the independence aspects of

member when viewed from the aspects of Sharia

includes not only about trends the world needs

maintenance only but also the needs of the afterlife

as well. The level of activity in the program BUEKA

is something very important in economic

empowerment program itself.

The next indicator of religious observance is

demonstrated by significant changes to the Fund's

ZIS issued before and after following the BUEKA.

BUEKA members are said to be independent if the

Fund issued ZIS increased between before and after

following the BUEKA.

The next indicator which will be described next

is about the maintenance of the soul. When observed

with the daily life of soul maintenance can be done

by maintaining the health of myself and family. In

the assessment of this indicator, the Member is said

to be independent if after following the BUEKA and

revenues increased, the members were able to do

things that can prevent ourselves from pain, e.g.

check-up, taking the supplement or herbal remedy,

or even following the insurance.

The third indicator used in the aspects of Sharia

is satisfy the needs of sense BUEKA members for

following the program. BUEKA members are said to

be independent, if the gain insight about science or

field of endeavor, cooperation, and others. One of

the indicators of Shariah maqashid is the preseved of

descent. Because BUEKA is one of the programs

that aim to improve the family economy, especially

through women by way of developing

entrepreneurship, then descent indicator is shown in

awareness of the sustainability of the business that

owned by members of the BUEKA that will be

passed down to his children so as not to be

concerned at the shortcomings in terms of the

economy. This is in accordance with the verse of the

Qur'an namely letter An-Nisa verse 9:



























































































































































































































Meaning: and fear Allah those who wish to leave

behind their children who are weak, they are worried

(welfare) against them. Therefore let them cautious

to God and let them pronounce words correctly.

(QS. An-Nisa [4]: 9)

The fifth indicator used in the aspect of

Maqashid Sharia is satisfy property BUEKA

members. Maintenance of property used in this

research is to observe whether the following

BUEKA program, members experiencing changes in

income, maintenance of daily necessities, such as

food and beverage consumption, purchasing

furniture or vehicles, good effort as well as for

household use, recreation, and ability in saving.

5 CONCLUSION

Based on the results of research and also the

discussion in the previous session, then the

conclusions that can be drawn are:

In carrying out the economic empowerment of

people through economic program family, Sidoarjo

PDA do synergy stakeholders with various parties,

namely cooperative Aisyiyah, Government and

sponsors, as well as Sidoarjo community, specially

members of the family economy programme. To

run the family's economic program, the Sidoarjo of

economy and Employment assembly in the primary

container is establishing cooperative As-Sakinah

which together perform economic empowerment

through a variety of activities, namely, mentoring,

training, financing, and marketing. PDA Sidoarjo

was instrumental in the city's economic

empowerment through economic program Sidoarjo

family. It can be seen from the maintenance

indicator trends, namely the maintenance of Islamic

religion, soul, intellect, lineage, and treasure. Of the

five aspects of it, are met in a review of economic

empowerment.

The recommended suggestions after doing this

research are as follows: For the first PDA Sidoarjo

doing the training not only on business issues, but

also do training for worship, such as Zakah because

there is still some informants huge already but his

efforts still do not know how to Zakah.Secondly, the

training effort is expected to be more focused and on

target. Is more focused and precise target was still

awaited the entrepreneurs who got the skills but not

in accordance with their fields and ultimately would

not have practiced that skill.

ICIEBP 2017 - 1st International Conference on Islamic Economics, Business and Philanthropy

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The Role of Family Economic Programs in Reducing Poverty