Women’s Leadership Model
The Effort in Organization Supervision
Achmad Hufad, Joni Rahmat and Purnomo Purnomo
Department of Nonformal Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Keywords: Leadership, Woman Empowerment.
Abstract: The empowerment of women in the economic sector can be used as an approach that can help improve the
family economy through entrepreneurship, as an educated workforce. Through the Business Study Group
(KBU) women will learn to manage the business and become a leader. This study was conducted for 6 months
with a qualitative approach case study method, the study site at 3 institutions Community Learning Center
(CLC) and the one institution Rumah Pintar that has implemented women's empowerment programs,
especially for those who are illiterate and single mother. The purpose of this study is illustrated by the attitude
of female leadership that may affect its group. The results showed climate demanding group leader women to
maintain mutual trust, responsibility, capable of making decisions and share experiences, be a motivator for
its members, and the ability to communicate, so as to create an atmosphere of learning and productive
organizational performance. The larger the group is formed, the more complex character who embodied
leadership.
1 INTRODUCTION
Women's leadership in run the organization is not a
new thing in human life today, because gender
equality has become a priority. The role of women in
group leadership, indicating that the conditions of
men and women in getting their rights as social or
human beings have the same role. The role of
leadership by women, is expected to participate in
political, economic, social, cultural, educational and
equality activities in enjoying development. (Eagly et
al., 2003; Adler, 1997; Eagly, AH, 2007; Liddle, RW
and Mujani, S., 2007; Strøm, R. et al., 2014).
An interesting study to discuss today in Indonesia
is the empowerment of women in the economic
sector, as an indicator to improve the welfare of
families and communities. When women become
educated, have ownership rights and own income,
then their welfare increases. Similarly, a married
woman, existence in improving family welfare is to
help her husband earn a living. Research result
History explains that, women who have to care and
care of the household is the object of economic
empowerment is not limited to those who have been
married, so did the single mother. Women's single
mother must have other skills to improve their
welfare, (Downey, DB., 1994;Coley, RL, 1998;
Florsheitn, P et al., 1998; Biblarz, TJ, & Gottainer,
G., 2000; Dellve, L. et.al, 2006).
Women's empowerment research studies that
have been done at the Community Learning Center
(CLC) and the Rumah Pintar, illustrate that women
who are educated and active in a group or community,
will establish a personal confidence, communicative,
cooperative and participatory. The characters from
the research programs, the development of rural
industry, the single parent women, farmer and
Business Study Group (KBU). (Lutfiansyah, D.,
2009; Purnomo, 2010; Sukmana, C, 2012; Achmad,
H, et.al., 2016;Setiawan, W., 2016;Yunus, 2017).
This study shows that the group formed and
managed by women, has its own peculiarities,
especially in realizing the participation of its
members. Women's leadership roles tend to show
leadership effects. Educational background
(Academic competence) and economic status of a
female leader in Business Study Groups women's
empowerment program, not a major factor or
dominant to be possessed by a leader, but there are
other factors that can support the productivity of the
group, which have the attitude to be honest,
trustworthy, experienced, have motivation,
communication skills, and cleverness in solving
problems.
16
Hufad, A., Rahmat, J. and Purnomo, P.
Women’s Leadership Model - The Effort in Organization Supervision.
In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education (ICSE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 16-21
ISBN: 978-989-758-316-2
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved

2 RESEARCH METHOD
The approach in this research is a qualitative
approach. Qualitative studies describe the condition,
behavior that occurs in social situations group. Data
was collected by field notes, documentation,
observation and interviews. The research location is
in the four institutions, namely 3 Community
Learning Center (CLC) and 1 Rumah Pintar,
including CLC Ashodiq West Bandung regency,
CLC Bhakti Pertiwi Bandung Regency, PKBM Bina
Sejahtera Subang regency and Rumah Pintar Al-
Barokah Sumedang. Each respondent in this study
amounted to 5 people, 2 group leaders, 1 head of
PKBM institution and 2 residents learn. Data analysis
is done by: 1) Sorting and compiling data
classification; 2) Perform data editing and data coding
to build data analysis performance; 3) Conducting
data confirmation requiring data verification and data
deepening; and 4) Conducting data analysis in
accordance with the construction of discussion of
research results.
The purpose of this study is its undefined
women's leadership attitudes that can affect the
group. The final result is a narrative descriptive
studies that interpret the aspects of women's
leadership group.
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1 Group Formation
The role of the leader in Business Study Group
(KBU) on women's empowerment program is very
important, because the elected leaders will bring
goals and expectations of its members together,
through the leader's ability to influence others (Stoner
et.al., 1996; Robbins and Stephen P, 2003).
Social
conditions in the location of research, showing the
characteristics of rural communities are closely
related to kinship (informal).
Low educational
background was limited to elementary school
graduates, generally have a farm or work as farm
laborers, and status behind it (already
married,
single parent, unmarried) is not a barrier to
learning.
When the process of group formation is done,
always put forward the participative principles. The
formation of the group is done by involving people
including community leaders or other stakeholders,
communicative build mutual expectations within the
group, the group needs to accommodate the needs,
and identify possible obstacles that will occur in the
future. The process, accomplished by collaborative in
the form of discussions accompanied by informal
discussion settings.
Figure 1: Discussion of Group Formation.
3.2 The Characteristics of Leader
Some characters that become leaders hope members
of the women's empowerment program in
Business
Study Group (KBU),
based on the results of the
study
are:
1. Honest
Applications or deeds committed by the
leader
to reflect the attitude of honesty
between
another disclosure to members,
accountability
to the work or activities of the
group that she’s conducted.
2. Accountable
The expected leader is the leader who is really
responsible for his or her job or the task it
carries. Able to nurture the trust of others, by
keeping secret things that are supposed to be
secret and convey something that should be
conveyed. What is delivered is neither added nor
reduced. Therefore, p leaders always listen to
complaints or to members, pay attention to the
potential of its members.
3. Experience
Having experience of the particular job he / she
is engaged in.
Success story owned by a leader,
will be more appreciated by its members.
That
is, what the previous leaders do can become role
models by their members.
In addition, leaders
always appreciate the experience of others,
because it will add insight together.
4. Motivator
Motivated leaders will be role models for their
members.
Active leader within the group as
well as the presence of an optimal leader of each
activity, a feature that leaders are highly
motivated, so it will influence the participation
of members of each activity, which indirectly
invite (persuasive)
to its members to always
active and disciplined.
5. Communicative
Communicative ability becomes something
very important to deliver certain messages.
The
Women’s Leadership Model - The Effort in Organization Supervision
17

ability to communicate is the ability to convey
the message to their members (internal),
as well
as communicating with the outside of his
group (external).
6. Good at Problems Solving
In this context, clever is not only in academic
ability, but
also the ability of a
leader
in bridging the problems of life of its
members
and find the right solutions, share
stories, confide.
The existence of the leader will
be quietness, comfort for its members.
Results leadership model construction that has
been prepared based on the activity of the
empowerment of women through KBU program at
CLC and Rumah Pintar, can be seen in the following
figure:
Figure 2: Leadership Model in Groups Women empowerment (Source: Construction of KBU Program Model in PKBM and
Rumah Pintar).
4 DISCUSSION
The Business Learning Group Program (KBU), is one
of the community oriented empowerment programs
to increase revenue.
The formation of the group,
carried out to facilitate in obtaining access to
information with one another
(shared of
knowledge) and built together (collaborative).
This is
in line with the concept of
non-formal Education in
the framework
p empowerment process, namely:
1. Rather than promoting only the acquisition of
information and skills.
2. Emphasizes the utilization of these
capabilities for collaborative problem-
solving. In other words
3. Oriented toward influencing socio-economic
structures and relationships through group
action-taking.
4. Weather related to health, literacy, vocational
or skills acquisition, it places importance on
how educational processes and relationships
Affect learners.
5. Program are designed to enable people to
critically analyze their own life situations and
develop the skills required for acting to
improve their situations. ". (Kindervater,
S., 1979).
Neither empowerment study has a lot of influence
and benefit to the community.
The focus of
empowerment studies focuses on community self-
reliance in solving their life problems and open their
awareness of what happens to themselves and their
groups, so that people are not only subjects but also
as objects, meaning that people are included in the
program. (Zimmerman, MA et.al., 1992; Perkins,
DD, and Zimmerman, MA, 1995; Zimmerman, MA,
2000; Carr, ES, 2003).
Community empowerment programs, not only
promote information acquisition and skills, but focus
on the use of the ability to solve the problem
together.
Thus, the empowerment of women through
KBU program fostered by the CLC
and Rumah
Pintar
oriented affecting socio-economic
structure.
The KBU program allows within groups,
leaders and members to mutually learn and build
relationships or communications with their
members.
Personal role within the group, enabling to
analyze his life situation critically and building up his
Leader
Character
ICSE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education
18

skill needs for activity in improving his
condition.
Empowerment as an effort to gain
understanding and control over social, economic, and
political or to raise the
n position in society.
In connection with the statement, there is
a
special model that is used to understand the role of
leaders of non-profit
organization which is
manifested in the activities
(Nanus, Burt and Stephen
M. Doobs., 1999),
namely:
1. In the organization (Inside the
organization), the role of leader to interact with
staff and volunteers to inspire, encourage,
mobilize and empower them.
2. Exit organizations (outside organization), the
role of leader to seek help, the support of donors,
potential partners with business leaders outside
the organization.
3. At the time of surgery (present
operation), leaders focus on quality and service,
the organizational structure, information
systems and other aspects.
4. Possible future (on future possibilities), led to
anticipate trends and develop the future
direction of the organization.
The four things, consists of six roles activity
leaders' in his leadership (Kahar,I 2008), described as
follows:
Figure 2: The Role of Non Profit Organization Leader
Source Burt Nanus, Leaderrs Who Make a Defference for
Meeting the Non Profil Challenge (1999:18).
Based on picture 2 above, the explanation as
follows:
1. Role 1 and 2: the leader as a provider of visions
and strategies (visionary and
strategies), meaning the leader is one who is
responsible for moving the organization in the
right direction. Then the leader establishes,
spreads and develops the vision clearly and
shows new ways in the future. In addition, he
inspires his members and designs strategies to
achieve organizational vision and mission.
2. Roles 3 and 4: the leader as a politician and
spokesman (politician and champaigner), mea
ning that the leader acts as an advisor,
spokesperson and negotiator to
subordinates. He also establish relationships by
using the sources of information
(super networker).
3. Role 5: leader as a coach (coach), that is to say
within themselves leaders have embedded
nature of the build team and develop people
within the organization, it is a responsibility. In
addition, leaders also play a role in building trust
that holds the organization and it is also
inspiring and encouraging to everyone.
4. Role 6: leaders as agents of
change (change agent) in a position for the
optimistic future. It has a major influence in
decision-making for change and it introduces
new programs, creates a cooperative strategy
with the public. Sometimes he is an
organizational restructure and an innovator.
Based on the explanation above,
leadership is a
person's ability to affect the group in order to achieve
the desired objectives.
This form of influence can be
done formally within an organization.
This is in line
with some of the research results, which explains that
leadership is the art of moving, affecting a person or
group to act to achieve a goal (Zaleznik, A.,
1977;Eagly, A. H., and Johnson, B. T., 1990; ;
Waldman, D. A. et.al., 1990; O’Connor, J. et.al.,
1995; Avolio, B.J. et.al., 1999; Raharjo, S. T, and
Nafisah, D., 2006; Yunasaf, U., 2007; Onorato, M.,
2013;).
Similarly, the results of this research, shows that
the
woman’s leadership containing elements capable
of influencing others, is able to provide its members
mobilize passive effort in order to be productive.
Leaders have traits, habits, temperament,
character and personality of its own unique and
distinctive, so that the behavior
and the style that
differentiates it from other other people (Djanaid, D.
2004). The characters are owned by women leaders in
the results indicate the nature of the different leaders
with others and seen by its members as
a
daily routine. The leadership style is the behavior
or the way chosen or used a leader in influencing the
thoughts, feelings, attitudes and behavior of members
of the organization or subordinates
(Nawawi,
H. 2003).
Thus, it is possible that style will be
different
if observed in the group and other
empowerment programs.
Women’s Leadership Model - The Effort in Organization Supervision
19

5 CONCLUSIONS
As a strategic process in women's economic
empowerment program, small groups called as
Business Learning Group (KBU) were formed.
The
role of leaders to build group dynamics is essential for
the creation of productive learning and organizational
performance.
Forming groups and the election of a
leader, based on the characteristics of the group, with
a
bottom-up approach or in line with the needs of the
group and its members.
Members have the right to
choose and determine leaders who are in accordance
with their group climate, so members need to know
deeply about the profile of leaders in their daily
lives.
The existence of women leaders in running and
supervising the organization, also affected by similar
conditions, the same hope and feeling
of kinship.
Because the majority of the development
program are those with the economic status
and
low education, the academic competence and
economic status are not a major concern
throughout
like a leader is chosen. But a leader who
is trusted,
responsible, have experience, be a
motivator for members, can communicate well
and
effectively solve problems.
It may be possible to find another model of female
leadership, because the character of the leader built in
each group needs to be in line with the vision of the
mission or the program of activity and the character
of its members.
The larger the group it builds, the
more complex the leadership character will be
realized.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Acknowledgments to the Institute for Research and
Community Service, University of Indonesia
Education and Ministry of Research and Technology
Higher Education Republic of Indonesia who has
funded this research.
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