Effect of Local Wisdom in the Effectiveness of Saving Electrical

Power Supply in the Community

Bambang Priyandono

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia

bambangpriyandono@gmail.com

Keywords: Macro Indicators, effectiveness, value of planting.

Abstract: Planting the attitude of local wisdom in saving electrical power supply is a concept of wisdom which gives

an overview of a success in achieving the goals of effectiveness, where the use of electrical energy is now an

important element of that support various activities in people's everyday lives. Almost any activity undertaken

on a daily basis requires electrical energy. Developments of technology, population growth, and economic

activity are currently pushing the creation of a variety of electrical equipment to meet the increasingly diverse

needs of the community, which resulting in increased consumption of electrical energy from time to time.

Several macroeconomic indicators show that our society is still very wasteful in the use of electrical energy,

moreover, supported by the economic ability is increasing, so the consumption of electrical energy to do as

they wish. Electrical energy savings not just about cutting or reduction of electrical energy consumption, but

more associated with awareness and attitude of human.

1 INTRODUCTION

The presence of electrical energy into human life is

one of the important things that support the rapid

progress of life on earth. Almost any activity

undertaken on a daily basis requires electrical energy.

The use of electrical energy is an important element

that supports various activities in everyday

community life. Almost any activity undertaken on a

daily basis requires electrical energy. Technological

developments, population growth, and economic

activity is currently pushing the creation of a variety

of electrical equipment to meet the increasingly

diverse needs of the community, resulting in

increased consumption of electrical energy from time

to time.

Several macroeconomic indicators show that in

the community, especially in Indonesia today is very

wasteful in the use of electrical energy, moreover,

supported by the economic ability is increasing, so the

consumption of electrical energy to do as they wish.

According to data from the ASEAN Centre for

Energy (ACE) also states that the intensity of the

electrical energy consumption in Indonesia is around

5932.5 megawatt hour (MWh) compared with Japan

that only about 1058.4 MWh. Even our neighboring

country Malaysia is only around 5292 MWh.

Similarly, when viewed from the elasticity of

electrical energy consumption in Indonesia is about

1.84, still worse than Malaysia and Thailand were

respectively 1.69 and 1.16. High elasticity shows that

to spur economic growth by 1% will result in the

growth of electric energy consumption of 1.84%

more than at present. So if the government's target to

grow the economy by 6%, as a consequence if we do

not carry out programs for electric energy savings

will increase the need for electrical energy by

11.04%. (Maryam Ayuni, 2015).

According to World Bank data, Indonesia's

economic growth increased from 5.7 percent in 2013

to 5.9 percent in 2016, and is projected to reach 6.2

percent in 2017's. While the population of Indonesia,

which has now reached 259 million population is

expected to increase to more than 290 million in

2020. All of this growth of course, accompanied with

the increased demand for energy due to the growing

number of houses, a variety of commercial and

industrial buildings. If we assume that the average

growth in electricity demand amounted to 7 percent

per year during the period of 20 years, the electrical

energy consumption will rise sharply, for example in

the household sector, consumption will increase from

21.52 gigawatt hour (Gwh) in 2010 to around 444.53

Gwh in 2030.

According to data from PLN, if the note there are

four main sectors of the electrical energy, namely the

household, commercial, industrial and transportation.

It is currently the largest electric energy is the

Priyandono, B.

Effect of Local Wisdom in the Effectiveness of Saving Electrical Power Supply in the Community.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education (ICSE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 137-142

ISBN: 978-989-758-316-2

137

industrial sector with a share of 44.2 percent. And

consumption next largest is the transport sector with

a share of 40.6 percent. The household sector was

ranked third with electrical energy use by 11.4

percent and commercial sectors with energy use by

3.7 percent.

People understand and realize the importance of

saving electricity. However, behind the

understanding and conscious of the importance of

energy saving electricity, it was not accompanied by

behavior that should be done. There are still many

users of electricity, especially for adults who are

negligent and do not care about the excessive use of

electricity. Environmental and financial conditions

can change lifestyle patterns and power users. In

addition, the demands of lifestyle is one factor that

makes the application less energy efficient behavior

at the present time is in addition supported with

complete disregard adolescents. Awareness of

electrical energy skimp on adolescents is still very

low. A series of preliminary studies show this age

group into groups that are considered indifferent to

efforts to save electricity.

Seeing these issues would be very difficult if the

application of energy-saving behavior focused on

adults only. It would be better if the notification and

application of electrical energy saving behavior

aimed at teenagers. With so consciousness save

energy in adolescents will grow so that the behavior

will always be applied until later adulthood. Delivery

of electrical energy-saving message that is not

significant at the community level teenagers bias

certainly will not be able to affect change in attitudes,

intentions and behavior of electric energy saving

among teenagers. Needed a persuasive

communication that is appropriate to be able to push

the electric energy saving behavior among

adolescents, electricity is one of the major energy

source that comes from the presence of natural

resources as well. When a society can save electrical

energy use we can assure that the community has

made the form of local knowledge to the surrounding

environment. With the electric energy savings it

stands to reason that energy such as coal and

petroleum is one of the main energy source of

electrical energy could be saved by better and

certainly more wisely.

Electrical energy savings is indeed require the

participation and support from various parties. must

not be assumed that if you have money to pay the

electricity bills of any size, then we can use electricity

no matter how well the magnitude.

electrical energy savings should also be cultivated to

the community, so it becomes a local cultural

communities or indigenous communities that

electrical energy is energy that will quickly run out if

continuously used indiscriminately. also keep in mind

that saving electricity is not just a matter of cutting or

reduction of electrical energy consumption, but will

be more straightforward and efficient if it is

associated with output and attitude (attitude) human.

planting the attitude of local wisdom in saving

electrical power source is a process that adds value

saving power resources fully into the hearts of the

people, so that the spirit and the soul moves based on

that understanding. planting occurs through

understanding the value of savings as a whole, and

forwarded to the awareness of the importance of this

understanding, until the discovery of the possibility to

make it happen in real life. therefore how much and

how far the values of saving electrical power source

internalized in a person, it will become a central value

will treat everything in his daily life, so that the

quality of comprehensive understanding, it is

automatically a person will guided on the mindset,

attitudes and actions, which will represents the

implementation of daily life - the next.

based on the description above, the writer is interested

in making a study entitled " effect of local wisdom in

the effectiveness of saving electrical power supply in

the community “

2 METHOD

The method used in this research is descriptive and

verification. Descriptive method is a method used to

describe or analyze the results of the study but not

used to make broader conclusions. While the

verification method according to Mashuri (2008: 45)

that check whether or when described to test a way

with or without the improvements that have been

implemented in other places with similar problems

with life. The object of research is the local wisdom

and resource saving electricity in the District

Neglasari Village community Cibeunying Kaler

Bandung. The population in this study were all heads

of families in the Village Neglasari Cibeunying Kaler

Bandung District of the use of power resources by

using the technique of random sampling, and

sampling using a formula slovin at α = 10%, then the

number of samples is as much as 84 head of

household.

Data processing techniques results of the

questionnaire using Likert scale where alternative

answers to a positive value of 5 to 1. Scoring is done

on the respondents' answers were then given a score

by using Likert scale. Where category consists of

strongly agree (5), Agree (4), Ragu (3), not Agree (2)

and Strongly Disagree (1).

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Before the questionnaire used for the actual data

collection, trials conducted prior to the respondents

who have the same characteristics as the

characteristics of the study population. The trial was

conducted to determine the level of validity (validity)

and consistency (reliability) of measuring

instruments of research, in order to obtain items the

questions that deserve to be used as a measuring tool

for collecting research data. (Umi Narimawati, Dewi

Anggadini, Linna Ismawati, 2010: 41).

To analyze the overall data used path analysis (path

analysis). In principle this same path with the

regression analysis as proposed Riduwan and

Kuncoro (2012: 4) that the regression model and path

analysis models is equally a regression analysis, but

the use of these two models is different. This is made

clear by Rashid in (Riduwan and Kuncoro, 2012: 4-

5) that for the purpose of forecasting the value of Y

on the basis of the value of X, the pattern

corresponding relationship is the regression model,

while the objective causality precise pattern is

structural. Path analysis is a method used in a causal

model that has been formulated researchers on the

basis of theoretical considerations and certain

knowledge, in other words, path analysis has

usefulness to check or test the causal model theorized

and not degrade the causal theory of the (Sudjana,

2003: 293) ,

Unlike the usual regression model where the

effect of independent variables on the dependent

variable only form of direct influence. Besides the use

of multiple linear regression analysis needs to be

performed classical assumption or test requirements

so that the multiple regression analysis regression line

obtained can actually be used to predict the dependent

variable or criterion.

This suggests that the regression model necessary

to test the classical assumption of normality test,

autocorrelation, and heteroscedasticity which also is

requirement test for multiple linear regression

analysis. Due path analysis is part of the regression

model, the authors test the classic assumption (as

previously described).

The relationship between the variables in the path

analysis was:

1. The direct effect is usually depicted with an

arrow in one direction from one variable to

another variable.

2. The indirect effect is described by an arrow in

one direction on one variable on other variables,

and other variables arrows in one direction to the

next variable.

Requirements needed in the analysis of pathways,

such as (Riduwan and Kuncoro, 2012: 2):

1. The relationship between the variables should

be a linear relationship, additives and are

normal.

2. System flow in only one direction and not the

reverse

3. All variables residues are not correlated with

each other.

Measurement scale well on variable causes or as

a result of at least a measuring scale interval

before performing path analysis researchers describe

in advance the pattern of relationship between

variables and variable due to causes that are based on

earlier theories.

The shape of the track is the following equation:

= + + ⋯ + +

Remarks:

Y = endogenus

Ρ = the path coefficient between the causal

variables and variable causes

ε = residue

Steps work path analysis is as follows (Muhidin

and Abdurahman, 2011: 225-226):

1. Describe the first diagram the path consistent

with the hypothesis that will be tested. The point

is to describe the complete path diagram,

determine the sub-structure and formulate

appropriate structural similarities hypothesis.

For example the rise and fall of endogenous

variables (Y) is significantly affected by

exogenous variables (X1).

2. Calculate the correlation matrix between

exogenous and endogenous.

3. Calculating the correlation matrix between the

exogenous variables that make up the sub-

structure.

4. Calculate the inverse matrix.

5. Calculate all coefficients

6. Calculate R

y (X

…X

) which is the

coefficient of determination total X

,…,X

to Y

7. Calculate P

8. Testing the overall significance models (partial)

using F test hypothesis in this test are as follows:

yx1

yx2

= … =

yxk

= 0

: at least P

yxj

≠ 0

Test the statistic

( _

)

(

)

Test statistical distributions follow F-Snedecor

with a degree of freedom v

= k and

Effect of Local Wisdom in the Effectiveness of Saving Electrical Power Supply in the Community

139

= n-k-1. Criteria for rejection:

Reject Ho if: F

calculate

> F

table

9. If the F test significant then further tested each

path coefficient to determine significance

include the following steps:

• Determine test hypotheses suppose

yx1

= 0 versus H

yx1

≠ 0

 Using the test statistic:

(

)

( )

Remarks:

i = 1,2,…,k

k = cause variables in the substructures

of t, with freedom distribution degrees t-

student of (n-k-1)

 Reject H

if t

calculate

> t

table

If Ho accepted means of these variables can we

remove it from the equation. And analysis equation to

recalculate a new path without variables non-

significant. After obtaining a new equation that path

again tested its significance until all variables that

researchers have a significant cause of the causal

variables. This will be a path analysis equation model.

Figure 1: Line Model Analysis.

Figure 1 shows that the path diagram that there

are 4 variables exogenous (variables that so influence

or cause variable), namely Culture (X1),

responsibility, discipline, and self-contained (X2),

honest (X3), and Creative, hard work and unyielding

(X4); an endogenous variables (variables that

influenced or causal variables), namely Effectiveness

Resource Saving Electricity (Y); as well as a residual

variable e which is a combination of: (1) The other

variables, beyond the exogenous variables that may

affect the Y and have been identified by the theory,

but not included in the model. (2) The other variables

beyond the exogenous variables that might influence

Y but not yet identified by theory. (3) Errors of

measurements and (4) Components that are uncertain.

In the diagram also suggests that the relationship

between X and Y is a causal relationship, whereby the

direct influence of the example of X to Y is expressed

by the value of the numerical coefficient ρyx path,

while the path coefficient ρyɛ describes the direct

influence of the residual variable Y.

Figure 1 can be determined that ρyx a path

coefficient, and the form of the path equation is as

follows:

Y = ρ

yx1

+ ρ

yx2

+ ρ

yx3

+ ρ

yx4

+ ε

In Figure 1 shows that the path diagram that

there are four variables exogenous (variables that so

influenced or cause variable) items, namely Culture

(X1), responsibility, discipline, and self-contained

(X2), honest (X3), and Creative, hard work and

unyielding (X4); an endogenous variables (variables

that influenced or causal variables) items, namely

Effectiveness Resource Saving Electricity (Y); as

well as a residual variable e roomates is a

combination of: (1) The other variables, beyond the

exogenous variables that may Affect the Y and have

been identified by the theory, but not included in the

models. (2) The other variables beyond the

exogenous variables that influence MIGHT Y but not

yet identified by theory. (3) Errors of measurements

and (4) Components that are uncertain.

In the diagram Also Suggests that the relationship

between X and Y is a causal relationship, whereby the

direct influence of the example of X to Y is Expressed

by the value of the numerical coefficient ρyx path,

while the path coefficient ρyɛ describes the direct

influence of the residual variable Y.

Needs

)

Responsibility discipline, and

independent (X

)

Honesty

)

Creative, work hard, and nev

give up (X

)

Effectiveness Saving Power

Supplies (Y)

pyx1

pyx2

pyx3

xixi

ICSE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education

140

Figure 1 can be determined that ρyx a path

coefficient, and the form of the path equation is as

follows:

∑

−

(∑ )(∑ )

(

∑

−

(∑ )

)(

∑

−

(∑ )

)

3 RESULTS

The method used in this research is descriptive and

verification. The object of research is the local

wisdom and resource saving electricity in the District

Neglasari Village community Cibeunying Kaler

Bandung. The population in this study were all heads

of families in the Village Neglasari Cibeunying Kaler

Bandung District of the use of power resources by

using the technique of random sampling, and

sampling using a formula slovin at α = 10%, the

overall sample size is as much as 84 head of

household. The results of the study with a small

sample (10%) in getting the data in Table 1 below:

Table 1: Results of the study with a small sample.

No.

Sample

Heni S.

Dian H

Intan

Sindy S H.

Faris

Djadja S

Dani P

Adam A

(CRemarks: Name suppressed)

The result of exogenous variables as shown in

Table 2 below:

Table 2: Exogenous Variable.

Eksogenus Variable

Score

Needs

Responsibility, Discipline,

Independent

Honest

Creative. Work hard, Never

give up

The results of test calculations one sample

Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test with SPSS 20 obtained

value P-value (Sig.) = 0,981 for the independent value

of the control group and the P-value (Sig.) = 0.937.

To independently value the experimental group.

Because the P-value (Sig.) Value is greater than the

value of α = 0.05, so that Ho is accepted, where there

is no significant difference from the average value

and pretest posttest control group and the

experimental group. This statement can also be

interpreted as that of the control group and the

experimental group have different results on the value

of posttest. This statement can be interpreted that the

results posttest experimental group participants were

given a learning model resource saving electricity

better than the posttest control group that was not

given teaching model saving power resources. This is

understandable because the learning model saving

power resources have provided the support to

improving the understanding of power resources

saving activities, one of which is the use of strategies,

exposure, and the selection method that makes

experimental group participants to better understand

the material. Selection of thematic material in

accordance with the experimental group encourages

participants to understand also the meaning of saving

knowledge the power resources

The results of calculations with a small sample get

very encouraging results, which the Village

community Neglasari Cibeunying Kaler Bandung

District of majority of the people always use

resources effectively and saving electricity, which is

the local Indigenous culture. This means that the

model of understanding learning resource saving

electricity has a positive effect on the learning process

and results, in order to reach the expected goals,

namely in the form of an increase in the attitudes and

views of participants about the importance of saving

electricity resources. This is because the model of

understanding learning resource saving electricity has

several advantages as stated by the participants of the

experimental group which is the subject of this

research.

4 CONCLUSION

The results of research conducted can be concluded:

1. Local knowledge is formed as a process of

interaction between humans and their

environment in order to meet the various needs of

life, that it contains norms, ethical and religious

values.

2. In the electrical energy consumption, every

human being / society in terms of local

knowledge, instinctively must be willing to use

electrical energy as efficient as possible, but in

reality, it is not as easy as desired

3. The method used is descriptive method

verification with the model explanatory survey,

the method of research which has the objective to

Effect of Local Wisdom in the Effectiveness of Saving Electrical Power Supply in the Community

141

test the hypothesis that a causal relationship

between two or more variables, with a small bias

and help to build confidence.

4. The results of the study with a small sample (10%

of the normal sample) in get encouraging results,

where the Village community Neglasari

Cibeunying Kaler Bandung District of majority of

the people always use resources effectively and

saving electricity, which is the local Indigenous

culture.

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Achmad Kuncoro, Engkos dan Ridwan, 2008, Análisis

jalur (Path Análisis), Edisi kedua, Penerbit Alfabeta,

Bandung.

Ali, Sambas Muhidin, Maman Abdurrahman, 2007,

Analisis Korelasi Regresi dan Jalur dalam Penelitian.

Pustaka Setia, Bandung.

Mashuri dan M. Zainudin. 2008. Metodologi Penelitian:

Pendekatan Praktis dan Aplikatif. Bandung: Refika

Aditama.

Sudjana, Nana. 2003. Tuntunan Penyusunan Karya Ilmiah.

Sinar Baru Algesindo, Bandung.

Umi Narimawati, Sri Dewi Anggadini, Linna Ismawati.

2010. Penulisan Karya Ilmiah, Panduan Awal

Menyusun Skripsi dan Tugas Akhir Aplikasi Pada

Fakultas Ekonomi UNIKOM. Genesis: Bekasi.

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