Evolving the Values of Organizational Culture through Character

Education Based on Residential College

Djoko Murdowo

, Dasim Budimansyah

and Yadi Ruyadi

Telkom University, Bandung, Indonesia

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia

budimansyah@upi.edu

Keywords: The Residential College, organizational culture, grounded theory, value, character education.

Abstract: This study reviews about the organizational culture of PRIME values (Professionalism, Recognition of

achievement, Integrity, Mutual Respect, Entrepreneurship) as core values in Telkom University that is evolved

through character education in the Residential College. The design of this study is a qualitative research with

the grounded theory which is right to be used for the study of social life including behavior and the student’s

character in the Residential College. The participant consists of the stakeholder of a hostel in the university,

the hostel management, senior resident and the residents. The result of this study recommends that the

Residential College could be utilized as an alternative to character building by crystallizing four character

values which are spiritual value, individual, social, and entrepreneurship that is developed and implemented

through some programs and activities in the academic field, social, religious and religion, interest and talent

(ASRAMA), with various planned programs, structured, and targeted the developing and character building.

1 INTRODUCTION

Even though the character education has been

delivered and planted since early stage until in

college, however, there is a degradation of moral and

character in the students, also dishonest behavior in

the college such as cheating during the exam,

plagiarism and other deviations. There are plenty of

efforts in implementing character education that has

been carried out through four bases in the education

institution consist of activity by learning, daily

activity in the form of school culture, extracurricular,

and daily activity in the family institution

(Kemendiknas, 2010). In the university, the

implementation of character values are designed by

education institution in the class with the subjects that

are grouped into general basic subjects such as moral

and Islamic education (PAE), civic education (PKN),

literature study, and entrepreneurship but, those are

not enough because the learning activity is yet

classical in the academic activity also dominated by

the development of cognitive. We would think better

of it and examined the student hostel area as the center

of values character building to enrich and practice

affective and psychomotor by monitoring much

longer intensively and sustainability.

The values character that is evolved in the hostel

life is yet inconsistency in selecting the value in the

hostel. In selecting the values character in the lives of

hostel student is required to define and set as a

guideline and reference in arranging the hostel activity

program. Telkom University as the education

institution obligates all students to stay in the hostel

for training about the character national so that they

have positive values and organizational culture with a

five core value which is professionalism, recognition

of achievement, integrity, mutual respect,

entrepreneurship (PRIME). However, in

operationalizing that is not completely working as it

expects due to the value system that is developed, the

integration of academic curriculum and the activity

hostel program are not synced yet.

2 THE VALUES OF

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE

Every organization has the organizational culture

which is a meaning system, value, belief, norm that

have been applied, approved, and followed by the

members as a base and direct the individual to

accomplish a goal (Sutrisno, 2015, p. 2). The

Budimansyah, D., Budimansyah, D. and Ruyadi, Y.

Evolving the Values of Organizational Culture through Character Education Based on Residential College.

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education (ICSE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 225-231

ISBN: 978-989-758-316-2

225

organizational culture associated with belief,

assumption, value, norm, behavior, ideology, custom,

and expectations that are had by the organization

including the university (Soetopo, 2012, p.123).

Besides that, the organizational culture has several

key characteristics as a differentiator; identity,

commitment, meaning and controlling that guides and

forms in an organization. Furthermore, the

organizational culture also functioned to enacts the

limitation of value and behavior, delivering a sense of

identity for the members, appearing a commitment,

escalating a stability of a social system, also as a

control mechanism that leads and forms the

employee’s behavior (Robbins, 2006, p. 294). The

organizational culture in a company has an identity

function, limitations determinant and bounded to

maintain the existence of an organization. The

important thing is the values selection which will be a

way of life that transforms into a basic for every rule

and policy in the company and turns into a behavior

guidance from each other and all stakeholders. It can

be summed up that when the organizational culture is

strong then the values can be depth comprehended,

applied, and fought by the majority member of an

organization so that backing the organization goals

(Sutrisno, 2015, p.20). With the strength of

organizational culture that has been evolved and

implanted will be able to push every individual to take

a part consciously, obey and run all policies that have

been set by the management based on the basic values

which have been agreed. It shows that the

organizational culture corresponds with the

employee’s behavior, organization commitment,

work satisfaction all stakeholders in an organization

significantly.

Telkom University also has an organizational

culture which is a description of their vision and

mission. The organizational culture of Telkom

University as a meaning system, value, and identity

are behavior reference in working and applied by all

stakeholders which are management, employees,

lecturers, and students. In the practice, Telkom

University develops a five core value of

organizational culture which is Professionalism,

Recognition of Achievement, Integrity, Mutual

Respect dan Entrepreneurship (PRIME). One of the

stakeholders from Telkom University is the student,

which is a key element in the educational institution

where the number of students who stay in the hostel is

about 6.000 students consisting of various

backgrounds, ethnic and regions. It is a challenge that

needs to be examined how to civilize the PRIME

values or the values which will be evolved for the

students by living in the hostel as a base for character

education.

3 THE STUDENT HOSTEL AS A

BASE OF CHARACTER

BUILDING IN UNIVERSITY

The trend of the evolvement of hostel educational has

grown into numerous and it could allow a positive

effect for the education. The model of hostel

educational is designed for the students to shape a

behavior and character that fit the university’s vision

(Papworth, 2014). The educational with a facility of

the hostel has been applied by few the educational

institutions in Indonesia such as traditional boarding

school or modern boarding school (Dirjen

Pembelajaran, 2016, p. 6). From the observation of the

researcher, some universities has hostels for their

students such as Universitas Indonesia (UI),

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI), Institut

Teknologi Surabaya (ITS), Universitas Gajah Mada

(UGM), Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB), Universitas

Pelita Harapan (UPH), Universitas Kristen Indonesia

(UKI) and President University (PU).

Besides as a homestay and a place of learning, the

hostel has a strategic role which is a social

environment for making the friend and a place that

represents a family institution. The lives in the

Residential College convert the students into

independent, active, achievement, disciplined,

tolerant, skilled, sharing a space and facility

(Khozaeai dkk, 2012, p. 295). Boarding school

delivers character education for the students by

performing several activities such as developing

academic and social skill through a natural process

(Jampel, 2016, p. 30). The parent’s concern will

reduce when their children stay in the Residential

College where the level of security is safer than living

outside the Residential College (Suki and Chowdhury,

2015, p. 45).

The effectiveness of hostel in evolving character

has been studied by some researchers, with a different

focus and locus such as: first, a research that is

researched in one of the boarding schools showed that

the correlation reality between boarding school

(variable x) on forming the student’s character

(variable y) were at high category level (Rizkiana,

2012, p. 18). Second, other research showed that the

character education through boarding school would

succeed if supported by the management of boarding

school that related to the process of program

arrangement by staging, organizing,

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departmentalizing, work division, and student

mentoring; work improvement, formal and informal

communication; controlling (Sujarwo, 2012). Third,

the contribution of Residential College in forming

social climate and academic process in the students

because during practice occurred a cross cultural

interaction naturally that could be strengthened by the

mentoring and parenting system (Utari, dkk, 2014, p.

23). Fourth, the learning system of the hostel could

generate an educational holistically in accomplishing

the student’s character. So that, it requires a

management strategy that comprised curriculum

qualified, innovative, based on student needs: for the

management of student factor required a parenting

dormitory system (Noveliza, 2016, p. 99).

By looking at some benefits above, Telkom

University obligates new students to stay in the

Residential College for a year and utilize the

Residential College as a base for character building.

Based on the complexity of the hostel’s issues that

relate to behavior, values character system, hostel

activity program, therefore, it is important to solve the

issue of character education at the university level

through the Residential College, which will be

examined by using grounded theory.

4 METHODOLOGY

This study is a qualitative approach with a grounded

theory method so that the researcher is free to examine

and analyze various phenomenon which is found in

the field. According to Straus and Cobin (2015, p. 5)

that a qualitative method can be used to reveal and

understand something behind an unknown

phenomenon. The selection of grounded theory

method aims to invent a theorization data which is a

method of theory arrangement that orients on action

or interaction from the research that is why this

method is used to study about social life including

behavior and the student character in the Residential

College. The analysis in the grounded theory is carried

out by axial coding and selective coding. Regarding

Strauss and Cobin (2015, p. 51), a process in the

grounded theory consists of parsing, concepts, and

rearranging a concept with a new concept.

The participation in this study involves the sides

that are considered can give a depth describing the

issue which is researched. The candidate of a

participant is selected by using theoretical sampling

approach, where the sample is selected based on the

concept that connects to arranging theory. The

participant is identified in this study which is: (1)

students who are part of staying in hostel program for

the first year, (2) stakeholders for the program,

arrangement, and hostel rule, (3) hostel supervisor

who assist and mentor the students in the Residential

College such as Senior Resident (SR).

The research model based on grounded theory

involves data collection by observation, interview,

documentation, and triangulation to get data

validation. The data analysis in a qualitative research

consists of data reduction, display data, and

conclusion.

5 FINDING AND DISCUSSION

The result of this study by observing, interviewing,

documentation study, and benchmark will be

constructed in the conceptual categories where they

will form a core dimension such as the selection of the

evolved values, arranging activity program that can

develop character values.

5.1 The Character Values Evolved in the

Residential College

The organizational culture has a value system that

transforms into a guide of behavior and action for all

stakeholders. Including Telkom University has also

core values. PRIME is utilized as a guidance,

reference and behavior for their stakeholders such as

the management of Foundation, lecturer, staff, and

students. From the findings in the field figured out that

the organizational culture of PRIME value has not

been implemented completely. It is because the

PRIME value is not used yet as a reference by

stakeholders, comprehended yet properly, also there is

a need for other values that are more dominant which

can be implemented in the hostel. Besides that, there

is a different and various perceptions about the value

needs which will be prioritized by the management,

residents, and other theory references about character

values.

To seek for what values that could be evolved in

the hostel life at Telkom University. The researcher

puts the values of an organizational culture that has

been had by Telkom University, utilized as a guidance

and reference by the stakeholders including their

students. Furthermore, it is urgent to examine the

expert’s opinion about the theory of character values

besides interviewing the institution and the hostel

residents.

Based on the observation and interview about the

character values that are developed in the hostel at

Telkom University, figured out that there is an

inconsistency phenomenon in selecting the value

Evolving the Values of Organizational Culture through Character Education Based on Residential College

227

which will be applied by the students. Each person

whether the management or a student perceives the

needs of value differently depending on the needs or

things that are sensed. There is a perception that the

character values which would be developed accorded

to Lickona (1992) with a ten essential policy that is

required to form the good character which is wisdom,

justice, fortitude, self-control, love, positive attitude,

hard work, integrity, gratitude, humility). On the other

hand, to utilize the value reference that is evolved by

the ministry of education (2010, p. 9) through an

eighteen character values which is religious, integrity,

tolerant, disciplined, independent, creative,

democratic, curiosity, nationality spirit, homeland

love, achievement, communicative, peaceful, love

reading, environmental care, social care and

responsibility. The management expects that the

organizational culture in the PRIME values could be

used as a primary reference of values that are

developed.

The result of discussion in this study found that the

character values which is right to be evolved in the

Residential College that can fulfill the institution

expectation, students, parents, and all education

stakeholders. The values which should be developed,

the researcher recommends the seventeen of values

character is required to evolve in the Residential

College. The values consist of (1) believe in God; (2)

independent; (3) disciplined; (4) appreciate diversity;

(5) care to each other; (6) never give up; (7) integrity;

(8) responsibility; (9) politeness; (10) respect each

other; (11) mutual assistance; (12) tolerant; (13)

creative; (14) innovative; (15) leadership; (16) brave;

(17) confident which are grouped into four values

which is spiritual, individual, social, and

entrepreneurship. The values have been set to be a

reference in arranging a curriculum program and

activity in the hostel.

5.2 The Activity Program Developes

Character Values

The researcher analyzes and observes how the hostel

management at Telkom University designs the

curriculum structure in the academic or activity hostel

program that strengthens character values. The result

of this study identifies that the arrangement of a

curriculum in the first year at Telkom University

managed by vice rector 1. The subject in the first and

second semester is practice subject, theory, and

general basic subject. The subject in the first semester

is arranged into a package program but, not focus on

the subject that relates to character building and

integrated with the hostel program. The basic subject

in the first year has six credit semester systems from

total 33 credit semester systems or only about 18%. It

seems ambiguous with the concept of character

strengthening and developing where the basic

curriculum as a base to equip the students to have a

survival character and the ethos of learning.

Therefore, it is required to strengthen and synergize

with the hostel program.

Basically, Telkom University has arranged the

activity program in the Residential College in a

curriculum which is a part of their vision and mission

and described structured, gradually, and

sustainability. The result of this study reveals that

Telkom University has designed a mentoring program

for the students since entering the college until

becomes an alumnus. At least, there are four primary

pillars of character building that have been

implemented which is

 “Know about University”

 “Build the Character”

 “Practice about Organization”

 (Valuable Activity) -“Show the Quality”

The researcher is focused on the second pillar

which is the Residential College. Telkom University

develops a framework of “ASAS” (adaptive, spiritual,

academic, and social)- “Build the character”. The four

frameworks convert into a concern in arranging a

program and mapping the resident’s competency so

that it will be more directed and fulfilled the target for

the various residents. This activity is expected to be a

mark for the residents to train and learn in exploring

their skill also finalizing their character. However, the

program that has been designed is not arranged

properly yet if it relates to kind of activity, period, and

target of value strengthening. Basically, the hostel

program is a mentoring program for academic and

cross-cultural with a four pillars development consist

of mental spiritual, academic knowledge, talent, and

sociocultural (Dirjen Pembelajara dan Pembelajaran,

2016, p. 3).

Based on analysis and finding, the researcher

recommends a model of program management that

has been implemented in the hostel from “ASAS”

program, has not explained detailed about talent and

interest. It requires continuation in the interest and

talent area which has not described obviously in the

ASAS program. So that the hostel program in Telkom

University transforms into four pillars that comprise:

academic, social, religious and religion, interest and

talent that is abbreviated ASRAMA. Per field in

ASRAMA program is designed a measured and

targeted program. Each program is arranged per

activity, period, numerous activity, and value target

which will be evolved from these activities. The

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formulation of program and hostel activity are

described in this concept below.

Figure 1: The Formulation of Progam and Hostel Activity.

The activity program as it is explained in the

picture above aims to accomplish the hostel vision of

Telkom University which is “transforming a

Residential College into education integral which is

qualified for the development process in academic,

social, religious, and religion, interest, and talent so

that becoming a characterized bachelor”.

The values classification which will be

developed consist of religious value, individual,

social, and entrepreneurship that would be evolved

through the academic pillar, social, religious and

religion, interest and talent, with few activities are

purposed to build the value character of the students.

Substantially, if the seventeen programs are shorted,

could evolve four character values comprises a

spiritual value, individual, social, and

entrepreneurship. Every substance of character value

that is developed and built by several programs in

every field.

 The spiritual value could be built and evolved

through religious and religion pillar, where the

spiritual value focuses on the implementation of

religion value, learning and understanding the

belief or each religion. The programs that are

developed in this activity consist of:

• Dorm comic religion, performed every

three or four months in a year, aims to lead

the students to interest in learning their

religion;

• Dorm spiritual discussion, performed every

month to increase sensitivity on the

phenomenon of religious lives;

• Dorm percussion, performed every three

months, aims to cultivate how important

harmony and collaboration is;

• The hostel reciting and congregational

(Fajr) prayer, twice in a week and based on

national event, with a purpose of building a

consciousness in praying optimally;

 The individual value could be developed through

the academic pillar, focusing on the student’s

personality that is held on through several

activities and programs:

• Dorm response, performed per three

months, to build the preparedness in

confronting with academic demand;

• Dorm academic week, performed in the

early study with a purpose to socialize the

academic activity;

Evolving the Values of Organizational Culture through Character Education Based on Residential College

229

• Dorm tutor, performed when the mid test or

final test would be held on, and some

consultations relating to difficult subject;

• Dorm academic competition performed

structured during studying to grow

academic culture competitive.

 The social value could be evolved through few

programs in the social pillar to learn and build

the student’s care on society and environment.

These programs are:

• Dorm saving trash, performed per three

months, with a purpose to increase the

consciousness on keeping environment

clean;

• Dorm environment performed per semester

so that the student’s responsibility for the

cooperation in maintaining the

environment;

• Dorm pattimura ranger, performed per

quarter, aims to build caring to each other

• Dorm food festival, held on with a large

capacity in the hall, with a purpose to

maintain a national culture in art and

traditional food;

• Dorm identity to build togetherness and

ability to accept diversity.

 Entrepreneurship value through several

programs in interest and talent pillar is an aspect

that associates with self-competency, social

competency, and entrepreneurship. The activity

and program could be developed by:

• Dorm sport and art, performed per three

months with a purpose to develop the

student’s potency in sport and art;

• Dorm team and entrepreneurship, to build

a leadership and entrepreneurship;

• Dorm UKM expo, an event for the units of

the student’s activity in Telkom University,

performed every semester;

• Dorm fun games and performance day,

held on after the final exam to evolve

togetherness by appearing talent in sport,

art, leadership.

6 CONCLUSIONS

Generally, the result of this study shows that character

education based on Residential College allowing a

new offer in evolving the character of the student,

faith and moral that consists of:

 The PRIME values of an organizational culture

will be developed in the Residential College at

Telkom University but, cannot be applied

automatically. There are four values found

which is spiritual, individual, social, and

entrepreneurship which is a crystallization of the

17 character values in the hostel at Telkom

University.

 The hostel program is a mentoring program for

academic and cross-cultural with a four base

developing which is mental spiritual, academic

knowledge, talent, and sociocultural that will

evolve the value of spiritual, individual, social,

and entrepreneurship.

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