People’s Readiness in Facing the Construction of Cisumdawu Toll
Road
A Case Study on the People of Citali Village Pamulihan District Sumedang
Regency
Pradikta Prisma Waris Damier
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
Keyword: People’s readiness, The Construction of CisumdawuToll Road.
Abstract: There is an incompatibility between expectation and reality in the process of the construction of Cisumdawu
Toll Road appearing various responses from the people of Citali village. The process is not only physical but,
it requires people’s readiness in dealing with the development. It takes a preparation so that generates the
balance of life between people’s condition and the environment. Using a qualitative approach with a case
study method where data is collected by observing and interviewing the people of Citali village. This study
aims to detect how people’s readiness in facing the construction of Cisumdawu toll road. The results showed
that the people of Citali Village have been ready in facing the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road, it is
seen from the aspect of knowledge, reaction, and response to the development. In addition, the aspect of
people readiness is also seen from the efficient untilization of compensation. But there are people who also
show unpreparedness because of the lack understanding society.
1 INTRODUCTION
The alteration is an attempt of change based on a
certain perspective choice that aims to escalate a
standard of living spiritually and materially
(Soekanto, 2006). Nowadays, the infrastructure
availability is getting improved in Indonesia. The
infrastructure sector is one of the vital sectors that can
trigger the economic development which is an
elementary sector that links various economy
activities (Purwoto & Kurniawan, 2009). The
infrastructure construction could role in materializing
people rights basic such as an economy, security,
education, health etc so that they could lead to a better
nation than it was before. The highway construction
is of the infrastructure development forms which are
planned to do. It aims to decrease the traffic rate that
occurs frequently in Indonesia. Even though, during
utilizing the highway costs more but, people’s needs
of a highway is beyond the cost.
The same thing goes to the construction of
Cisumdawu toll road which is one of the toll road
projects that crosses Cileunyi-Sumedang and Cirebon
Dawuan. This toll road is a continually plan from the
south that will link Cikampek – Purwakarta –
Padalarang and Cileunyi toll to the north Cikampek -
Palimanan Cirebon Dawuan. The construction of toll
road in Sumedang regency is generally one of the
efforts to increase and maintain the infrastructure
services in backing the region growth, especially for
the people of Citali village, Pamulihan district,
Sumedang.
The people of Citali village is of the impacted
victim of land acquitting for Cisumdawu toll. Almost
3.207 hectares of Citali village are acquitted but, only
2.747 hectares released. Citali village is a circle
center where the Cisumdawu toll is going to
construct. However, the construction of Cisumdawu
toll is finished yet. The land execution is at 91 %, the
rest of them is in the process of negotiation with the
toll authority. The construction process of
Cisumdawu toll seems to slow even though in the
progress not decline.
Every development supposes a change with a
purpose to increase the quality of life and ensure the
sustainable life in the future. It requires a role from
the stakeholder and the people. However, there will
always be pros and cons in the process of
Damier, P.
People’s Readiness in Facing the Construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road - A Case Study on the People of Citali Village Pamulihan District Sumedang Regency.
In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education (ICSE 2017) - Volume 1, pages 259-263
ISBN: 978-989-758-316-2
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved
259

infrastructure development. This thing is persuaded
by how big development impact that can deliver to
the people. The bigger positive impact that is allowed
the more people open their minds to the development
but, the impact must be based on equality and
prosperity (Jamaludin, 2016).
The people of Citali Village is a subject and also
the object of a development, where the people play
the role of the workers and the owners of a land. Their
lands are acquired for the construction of Cisumdawu
Toll Road. Therefore, the people are the success
factor in the development process. Sometimes, the
factor of people’s preparedness becomes a failure
reason of the development. The people’s readiness is
“the degree to which a community is ready to take
action on an issue” (Marry Ann Pentz on (Edwards,
Jumper-thurman, Plested, Oetting, & Swanson,
2000). The development can be said success if the
people have been ready otherwise if the people were
not ready for the development then it would probably
fail. Therefore, in the process of development
requires well-planned and concern all aspects that
relate to people’s lives so that the development can
run as it is expected and minimize the negative impact
that possibly happens due to the development.
The people of Citali Village show various
responses to the construction of Cisumdawu Toll
Road based on what they feel. This study is expected
to present a description about the people’s
preparedness of Citali Village on the construction of
Cisumdawu Toll Road so that there will be an attempt
to prepare the people in dealing with the development
by improving the human resources.
2 METHODS
This study about the people’s readinessness in facing
the construction of Cisumdawu toll road is performed
in the people of Citali village. The informant selection
in this study is purposive by determining the number
of informant corresponding with data adequacy. The
informant is selected by certain consideration such as
they feel directly the impact of Cisumdawu toll road
construction including local government agency and
local figure. Through qualitative approach with a case
study method, this study is not about to examine the
hypothesis but, try to sum up some different
information from every informant about people’s
readiness in facing the construction of Cisumdawu
toll road so that obtaining obvious describing. Data
collection is by observing, interviewing, literature
study and documentation study. And data analysis
was performed by data reduction, data presentation,
and data verification.
3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Citali village is one of the villages located in
Pamulihan District, Sumedang Regency, West Java.
Monograph data in 2013 exposed that the total
population in Citali Village was about 4.075 people
with the population density about 365 per Km
2
. The
people of Citali Village have different preparedness
on the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road. The
variable of people’s preparedness can be detected
from knowledge, perception, and individual
motivation on the issue and handling the issue
(Wijaya & Wiryawan, 2013). In this study, the
people’s preparedness is viewed based on cognitive
aspect, affective/ reaction, and response. The three
aspects are the basic component that is expected to
deliver a description about the people’s preparedness
of Citali Village in dealing with the construction of
Cisumdawu Toll Road. Utilizing the compensation is
one of the attempts and reactions in self-prepared on
the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road.
The three-level categories of people’s
preparedness consist of unready (no community
awareness and unavailable of project information),
collective support (becoming aware of collectivity
role, leadership, community forum, local wisdom but,
the communication network and channel is not
optimized yet to support the development), and
proactive (where the people and the project
management evaluate and modify the development
implementation for effectiveness of the next
program) (Edwards et al., 2000).
3.1 People’s Readiness Based on
Knowledge and Comprehension
The human has a precious potency as a capital to
involve in the process of development that is backed
by their intelligence and comprehension to the
development (Lintjewas, Franklin, & Rate, 2015).
The knowledge and comprehension is a capital to take
an action and create something.
The more the people of Citali Village shows their
level understanding of the construction of
Cisumdawu Toll Road then it will bring influence on
their interest in the process of development so that it
can be detected that the people have been ready to
deal with the development. The indicator that is used
in determining the people’s readiness of Citali Village
ICSE 2017 - 2nd International Conference on Sociology Education
260

based on the knowledge can be viewed from their
understanding of the development planning. The
result shows that the majority people of Citali Village
have figured out about the development plan of
Cisumdawu toll road, also the people have
comprehended the pros and cons of the development.
However, their knowledge about the development is
limited by their understanding of the sides who get
involved in the process of development and only
several people who figure out about that. It is because
the socialization is only delivered to few people of
Citali Village and it generates a concern that the
information is not delivered properly. A lot of
information is received gradually by the people about
the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road will
increase people’s knowledge and comprehension.
3.2 People’s Readiness Based on
Reaction
One’s choice and action are determined by the
information that is received. One will react positively
if the information is the benefit and otherwise, one
will react negatively if the information is not
completely received properly (Kollmuss & Agyeman,
2002). One’s response is showed by their reaction and
behavior in daily life. The people’s reaction to the
construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road can be viewed
from their availability to acquit their land also their
participation to take part of the process of
construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road.
Almost the majority people of Citali Village agree
to acquit their lands but, their participation is divided
into two categories which are the people who are
active to participate and those who are passive to
participate in the development. Passive detected
because the people are ignored about the construction
of Cisumdawu Toll Road so that they do not pay
special attention to the process of the development.
The reason behind their passivity is because they do
not have enough knowledge about the development
and their disappointment on the different
compensation. The people tend to receive the
development but, feel enforced because their
agreement about their lands to be acquitted.
For those who are active to participate can be
viewed from their involvement in the development
such as idea, money, and power. Several villagers
also work in the construction of Cisumdawu Toll
Road. Sometimes, the people deliver some food or
shelter for the workers. Even to bridge people’s
aspiration with the toll road authority, the villagers
form “panitia Sembilan (The nine committee)”. It can
sum up that the people’s reaction of Citali Village has
reached a readiness in the level of collective support.
3.3 People’s Readiness Based on
Response
The people of Citali Village delivers a different
response, the response is the result of the reaction to
the process of toll road construction. The response
appears when one or a group of people senses the
object then interprets the object that is sensed before.
In this case, basically, the response is the process of
understanding of what occurs in the human
environment and the behavior is the symbiosis
mutualism to deny the object (Poerwadarminta,
1993).
The structure of response consists of three
components that support each other which is the
cognitive component, affective, and conative. From
these components will produce a response that could
be a positive or negative (Saifuddin, 2000).
The answer that is delivered by the people of
Citali Village is a negative and positive that
corresponds with what they recognize and sense. If
viewing people’s knowledge and reaction aspect, the
majority people agree even give a warm welcome to
the development due to the positive effect that will be
felt after the development is completed. The people
value the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road will
bring such a positive impact on the people’s lives
particularly in improving the economic condition.
However, there is also those who disagree with
the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road due to they
have not felt the positive impact of the development
so that they only view and feel the development as a
negative impact.
3.4 People’s Readiness Based on
Utilizing the Compensation
The people’s preparedness of Citali Village in dealing
with the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road can be
viewed from the attempt of people’s preparation
based on utilizing the compensation. How efficient
they are in utilizing the compensation then it will
seem clear that the people are prepared to deal with
the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road.
Before the development is implemented, the
people are not prepared at all, the preparation is
performed after the compensation of the acquitting
land is completed. Before the compensation is
finalized, the villagers discuss with the toll road
authority to reach an agreement. The people demand
more money for the land that is acquitted but, the
People’s Readiness in Facing the Construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road - A Case Study on the People of Citali Village Pamulihan District
Sumedang Regency
261

financial is not available to do that. The compensation
has been adjusted with the regulation that is made by
the central government and based on the local
regulation of Sumedang Regency. It is a little bit
disappointed that is showed by the people about the
price that is offered and approved.
There is a different compensation for the
acquitting land, replaced by an empty land for the
shelter or farm. The difference is viewed from a zone
of a construction or the area is located. There are five
zones, to determine the location and land which is
impacted for the acquitting land, consist of Zone 1 is
also an expensive zone because its location in the
roadside of Regency road; Zone 2, the villagers
shelter; Zone 3 is located in the alley; Zone 4 is the
farm in the roadside; and Zone 5 is the farm far from
the road. Besides that, for the productive land, the
compensation costs more due to the plants grow the
land. A small tree or wood is priced 5000 IDR per tree
and for the large tree is priced 25000 IDR per tree.
The calculation for the compensation is measured by
the meter for the shelter while for the land is measured
by hectare.
In 2009, the compensation was priced cheaper
than in 2014. In 2014, the compensation for the
shelter was priced 3 billion IDR per meter while for
the land was priced 2.5 billion IDR. In 2009, the land
was priced 850.000 IDR per meter while for the
shelter was priced 1.350.000 IDR.
The result of this study reveals that the people of
Citali Village have been ready in facing the
construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road. Where the
people can utilize the compensation as efficient as
possible.In utilizing the compensation, almost the
majority people utilize it for a new house. The
compensation that they get is enough but, not enough
to spend the money on the other secondary needs. In
addition, a house that they buy costs more than the
house that they release for acquitting. To press the
cost, they are likely to buy cheap material for the
house so that there is a little compensation to be
saved. Sometimes they choose to utilize the
compensation for venture capital. The people realize
that the construction of Cisumdawu toll road does not
lead them to the low level instead bring them to the
high level. Even the people of Manco hamlet (RW 02)
in Citali village utilize the compensation to open their
home industry.
There is always those who show their
unpreparedness by turning into consumptive behavior
and only follow their pleasant and desire because they
feel having enough money and no need to work and
they tend to spend their money on secondary needs
than their primary needs. Until there is an expression
“Ninja heula karek imah”. Which means that before
buying a land and build a house, they buy the
expensive bike. It can be caused by some factors.
Besides, they feel having a lot of money and they tend
not to be viewed as inferior to other villagers, this
kind of behavior is led by people mind set and lack
education so that they will not mind their sustainable
lives. Fortunately, this thing only happens to the
minority people of Citali Village. The majority
villagers have been ready to face the construction of
Cisumdawu Toll Road.
3.5 People’s Readiness Based on
Utilizing the Compensation
According to the facts in field, it can be concluded
that villagers in general is quiet ready for facing the
current construction. However, the people still need
further instruction in order to be more ready for facing
the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road, the
required instructions for the people readiness are as
follow:
a. Giving counseling about the importance of
education in order to increase individual’s
ability and change the villager’s paradigm
toward their long –term survival.
b. Improving the villager’s skill by organizing
entrepreneurship counseling and training in
order to decrease the villager’s
consumptiveness.
c. Improving communication and information
network by stakeholder so that the socialization
given can be delivered evebly and better.
d. Improing the intensity of discussion forum
“Panitia Sembilan” (The Nine Comitte) with the
villager’s by examining the issues about the
current construction so that the villager’s
understanding about the Cisumdawu Toll Road
construction will increase. By doing so, it is
hoped theat the villager’s will have more
interest in participating and the expressing their
opinion about costruction.
4 CONCLUSIONS
The development is one of the planned efforts that
aim to improve the quality of people’s lives to be
better than before. The development succeeded if all
development aspects involved. The people is the
success factor in the development, especially the
people’s readiness in dealing with the development
process will allow such an impact on the success of
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the development process. The prepared people in
dealing with the development surely will benefit.
Otherwise, the unprepared people on the development
will affect their sustainability lives. At least, if the
people get prepared for the development, they are
expected to be able to minimize all negative effects.
Based on the result of this study, there several
describes are obtained which are:
The people of Citali Village have been ready in
facing the construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road.
This can be seen form aspect of knowledge, reaction,
and response to development. The whole aspect is
related to each other, the higher the level of
knowledge of community it will have a positive
impact on the action and response to the existence of
development. But there are also people who express
their unpreparedness but that does not mean the
community refuses. This is because the socialization
process is not evenly distributed so that the
information obtained by the public is limited. Until
now, the people still do not feel the significant
benefits from the construction of Toll road.
In addition, the people’s preparedness in dealing
with the construction of Cisumdawu toll road can be
detected from how good they are at utilizing the
compensation. It seems obvious that the people of
Citali village have been prepared with the
construction, it can be proven by utilizing the
compensation efficiently. There some are unprepared
because they only think of the temporary pleasure
without planning their future.
Altough, the people of Cilali village have been
prepared, the people still needs guidance and
assistance in facing the development so that people
will be better prepared to face the construction of the
Cisumdawu Toll Road and changes as a result.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The main researcher would like to thank all of those,
who have helped the completion of the research. As
well as deep appreciation was given to the Citali
villagers affected by the construction of the
Cisumdawu Toll Road, especially the Village's
apparatus and their staffs, as well as community
leaders who have been very helpful in providing the
necessary information in this research.
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People’s Readiness in Facing the Construction of Cisumdawu Toll Road - A Case Study on the People of Citali Village Pamulihan District
Sumedang Regency
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