Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves Down-regulation of Receptor for

Advanced Glycation End-products (sRAGE) in Hyperglycemic Rats

Panal Sitorus

Rosidah

, Salihin Amta

and Denny Satria

Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Universitas Sumatera Utara,Jl. Dr. Mansyur No.7, Medan, Indonesia

Department of Pharmacology, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Jl. Dr. Mansyur No.7,Indonesia

Doctoral Programme, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Dr. Mansyur No.7,Medan, Indonesia

Keywords: Down Regulation, sRAGE, Saurauia Vulcani Korth Leaves Extract.

Abstract: To evaluated level of receptor of advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) in hyperglycemic rats which

treatment with leaves extract. Methods: Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves powder was extracted by maceration

method with ethanol 96%. Blood glucose reduction was inspected on rats that injected with streptozotocin

(STZ) 40 mg/Kg BW with dosage 25; 50; 100 mg/Kg BW. sRAGE level on serum was determined with

ELISA method. Results: Ethanol extract of pirdot leaves (EEPL) in hyperglycemic rats indicated a dramatical

level decrease in sRAGE level (p<0.001) at dosage 50 mg/Kg BW. Conclusion:The research reported

Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves ethanol extract has down regulation level of sRAGE.

1 INTRODUCTION

Diabetic mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous syndrome

which is characterized by an increased of blood sugar

level which causes relative or absolute insulin activity

(Moridi, et al., 2015). Hyperglycemic condition leads

to microvascular and macrovascular complications

and early death. AGEs (Advanced glycation end

products) producing from binding of glucose with

lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids through

nonenzymatic reaction which involved as the main

pathogenic factors in initiation and progression of

diabetic complications (Sing, et al., 2001). Receptor

of AGE (RAGE) is part of the immunoglobulin

superfamily of cell surface molecules (Bierhaus, et

al., 2005; Bierhaus, et al., 2009).

Saurauia vulcani Korth. Is one of the plant which

used as antidiabetic traditionally in Tapanuli Utara,

North Sumatera, Indonesia. Ethanolic extract of

Saurauia vulcani Korth. Leaves can reduce blood

glucose level in mice which induced by glucose 50%,

aloxan at dose 200 mg/Kg BW and STZ at dose 50

mg/Kg BW (Sormin, et al., 2014; Sitorus, et al., 2015;

Sitorus, et al., 2018). The purpose of our research was

to determine down regulation effect sRAGE of

Saurauia vulcani Korth. Leaves ethanol extract.

2 EXPERIMENTAL

2.1 Plant and Chemicals Material

The materials used in this study were Saurauia

vulcani Korth. leaves. which taken from Tapanuli

Utara, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The chemicals

used are pro-analysis grade: STZ (streptozotocin)

(Nacalai), sodium CMC (Merck), sRAGE elisa kit

(FineTest), technical grade of ethanol and distilled

water.

2.2 Preparative of Extract

The air-dried and powdered leaves of Saurauia

vulcani Korth. leaves. (1 kg) were extracted by cool

maceration with ethanol 96% based on previous

study (Sitorus, et al., 2018; Forbes, et al., 2013;

Zhong, et al., 1979).

2.3 Antidiabetic Assay

2.3.1 Animal Preparation

The animals used in this study are manly rats

weighing 180-200 grams. Before the probationary,

rats were nurtured for 2 weeks in a well cage to adapt

766

Sitorus, P., Rosidah, ., Amta, S. and Satria, D.

Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves Down-regulation of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (sRAGE) in Hyperglycemic Rats.

DOI: 10.5220/0010087907660768

In Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramiﬁcation Researches (ICOSTEERR 2018) - Research in Industry 4.0, pages

766-768

ISBN: 978-989-758-449-7

to the sorroundings live, i.e., the acceptance of glow,

12 h sooty and 12 h glow.

2.3.2 Preparative of Extract Suspension and

STZ Solution

Suspension of extract was preparatived by using 0.5%

CMC-Na with definite concentration. Solution of

STZ was set by dissipate STZ in aquabidest (Sitorus,

et al., 2018; Silalahi, et al., 2016).

2.3.3 Preparative of STZ Induced Diabetic

Rat

The rat were induced with STZ solution 40 mg/Kg

intra-peritoneal (ip). Based on previous study by

(Sitorus, et al., 2018).

2.3.4 Analysis of sRAGE with ELISA

To investigate the effect of EEPL to sRAGE level in

serum was examined with ELISA. 0.1 mL of serum

was added to plate and the procedure was followed

based on sRAGE ELISA kit instruction (FineTest).

2.4 Statistical Analysis

Data were interpreted as ANOVA and descriptive

which were analyzed using by SPSS 21 edition

3 RESULTS

3.1 sRAGE Expression

The sRAGE (soluble receptor of advanced glycation

end-product) level (Table 1) in serum were showed

significant difference among all the studied groups.

The best group (EEPL 50 mg/Kg BW) was expressed

the smallest of sRAGE if compare with other groups.

There are significantly differences between groups (p

< 0.05).

Table 1: sRAGE serum level with various treatment.

Treatment sRAGE level

(pg/mL)

Sodium CMC 0.5% 169.07 ± 4.36

EEPL 25 m

BW 40.60 ± 0.57

EEPL 50 m

BW 15.46 ± 1.60

EEPL 100 m

BW 20.53 ± 1.14

Metformin 45 mg/Kg BW 18.72 0.68

4 DISCUSSION

STZ has been exhibited to bring a damage to

pancreatic islet of Langerhans which specific attact to

β-cells, cause the degranulation and uncapability in

produce insulin (Harfina, et al., 2012).

Phytochemical screening of the EEPL were

shown flavonoids, steroids/ triterpenoids, tannins,

glycosides and saponins (Sitorus, et al., 2018).

Flavonoids, their glycosides and saponins have been

put up to be accountable for blood glucose decreasing

capacity through increased insulin secretion, as

indicate in our experiment by STZ-induced diabetic

rats, which is competent of stimulating pancreatic

secretion (Sitorus, et al., 2014; Sihotang, et al., 2016).

High level of sRAGE caused by constant and

prolonged hyperglycemia. sRAGE is apart of RAGE

(receptor of advanced glycation end-product) which

expressed in cell membranes (Raucci, et al., 2008).

AGEs produced by adducts resulting from non

enzymatic condentation of sugar such as glucose and

amino group of proteins. Complex AGEs and RAGE

causes endothelial dysfunction which increase level

of oxidative stress. The activation of RAGE by AGEs

is the major pathogenic cause of vascular

complication in diabetes condition (Fleming, 2011).

Flavonoids was found in EEPL and their role are

to decrease sRAGE level. Flavonoids in general were

presented anti-glycation properties (Wu, et al., 2012).

Quercetin is a flavonols member which found to be

an ihibitor of glycation. Extract of cloves, ground

Jamaican all spice and cinnamon amongst to be the

most effective inhibitors of glycation.

5 CONCLUSION

The result of this study showed that EEPL posses

sRAGE in diabetic condition.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This research was supported through“Hibah

Penelitian Dasar 2018” by University of Sumatera

Utara.

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