Conversion of Paddy Straw into Fertilizer and Animal Feed at

Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency, Medan, Indonesia

Yurnaliza

, Ternala Alexander Barus

and Mayang Sari Yeanny

Departement of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jl. Bioteknologi No.1

Padang Bulan, Medan, 20155, North Sumatera, Indonesia

Keywords: Paddy Straw, Organic Fertilizer, Animal Feed, Tanjung Rejo Village.

Abstract: Community service activities was conducted in agricultural area of Tanjung Rejo Village in Deli Serdang

Regency, Medan, Indonesia. The aim of this activity was to improved and to trained the farmer and rancher

knowledge about converted technology of paddy straw to organic fertilizer and animal feed. The specific

target was to help farmer and rancher community be able to produce fodder and organic fertilizer by their

self, and prospected to improve their welfare. The community service activities were consist of counseling,

training, practicing of paddy straw conversion methods directly in paddy fields and evaluation of results. The

counseling was conducted in meeting hall of the village head's office of Tanjung Rejo Village and attended

by headman, farmers and ranchers of village. The head team and members of community service from

Department Biology of Universitas Sumatera Utara were explained the theory and techniques of conversion

of paddy straw become organic fertilizer and animal feed. Some villagers asked some questions and after

discussion, the farmers and ranchers practiced the straw chopper methods. The training has done proactively

by the village communites. One unit of straw chopper machine were granted to the villagers. Monitoring and

evaluation of paddy straw conversion activity were also done in the paddy field location. Community service

teams were needed to confirm that the conversion paddy straw activities were done well. Monitoring and

counseling also conducted by phone to provide solutions if the villagers had the problems. Generally, the

results of community service activities were successful. The farmers and rancher were able to convert paddy

straw to animal feed and organic fertilizer respectively. Another benefit of this activity was to established of

good relationships between communities and Universities peoples. The members of community service could

be applied and shared their knowledge to the communities.

1 INTRODUCTION

Deli Serdang Regency in Province of Sumatera Utara

has big area of paddy fields which potential producing

large amount of paddy straw waste. The coastal area

of 63,002 Ha consists of 4 districts, namely: Sub-

district of Labuhan Deli, Hamparan Perak, Percut Sei

Tuan and Pantai Labu. Percut Sei Tuan sub-districts

is one of the coastal areas that need to be developed

through the management of coastal areas, one of

which is the beach in the village of Tanjung Rejo.

Deli Serdang Regency has a long beach of 65 km.

Along the coastal, the potential areas are within 15

villages and 711,663 inhabitants. Coastal villages

have 4 districts as shown in Table 1. The village of

Tanjung Rejo, located in Deli Serdang Regency is a

development area of Sumatera Utara East Coast

which has high enough fishery and marine potential,

where the average people work as fisherman.

However, because the condition of fishermen is now

catching less and less fish so many fishermen are

changing professions as farmers and ranchers.

The average of Tanjung Rejo village farmers

grow paddy. Production of paddy straw can reach 12-

15 tons per ha / round harvest or 4-5 tons of dry

material depending on the location and variety used.

(Yunilas, 2009). One alternative to the provision of

cheap and competitive feed is through the utilization

of agricultural waste, especially paddy straw. To

increase the nutrient content of paddy straw, it is

necessary to do the processing/fermentation.

(Sugama, I.N, and N. L. Gede Budiari, 2012).

Yurnaliza, ., Barus, T. and Yeanny, M.

Conversion of Paddy Straw into Fertilizer and Animal Feed at Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency, Medan, Indonesia.

DOI: 10.5220/0010097410571061

In Proceedings of the International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramiﬁcation Researches (ICOSTEERR 2018) - Research in Industry 4.0, pages

1057-1061

ISBN: 978-989-758-449-7

1057

Farmers grow crops and ranchers keep chickens,

ducks and cattle. The condition of farmers and

ranchers in the village also get a simple knowledge

about farming and livestock. Crops and livestock

products can only meet the daily needs, because the

production process both farming and ranching

requires a large cost, so that farmers and ranchers

borrow money first from a money lender for the

production process.

The benefit of this activity is to help the people of

Tanjung Rejo village in terms of making fertilizer and

animal feed and introducing the culture of paddy

straw in daily life to reduce family needs so that the

family economy will be better.

2 RESEARCH METHODS

2.1 Materials and Methods

This activity was used the counseling and lecturing

methods. The community service teams were

explained the theory and techniques to converted of

paddy straw to farmer and rancher group community

in Tanjung Rejo Village. The farmers and ranchers

were tried the theory of paddy straw processing,

started from chopped straw from raw material until

ready to use for organic fertilizer and animal feed.

All do this activity by proactively doing the training

to get the result of organic fertilizer and animal feed.

The Equipment for paddy straw cutter machine has

been given so that the community groups can make it

by their own self.

Monitoring and evaluation of the success of paddy

straw utilization, monitoring of field work will be

done by going directly to the field jointly, monitoring

with visits to see if the community already can make

organic fertilizer and handicraft materials. In

addition, the relationship will be done by phone to

overcome the problems if arise.

In general, community service activities are

successful and there is a good relationship between

universities, especially the Implementation Team,

government officials and farmers / ranchers

community in Tanjung Rejo Village. The people of

Tanjung Rejo Village realize the importance of

saving the environment while improving living

standards because they can make their own organic

fertilizer and feed for animals.

The success of community service activities

cannot be separated from the participation and

support of village officials such as Tanjung Rejo

Village chief and staffs, Farmers and Ranchers

groups to participate in this activity.

2.2 Description of Paddy Waste

Utilization as Animal Feed

2.2.1 Counseling

Topics covered in the counseling meeting with the

farmers and ranchers were how to make animal feed

and organic fertilizer, and also tools and materials

preparation.

2.2.2 Training of Making Animal Feed

Before starting to make a animal feed, location

selection is a factor that need to pay more attention.

Ground floor and shade (not exposed to heat and rain)

was the best choice. Paddy straw was stacked as thick

as 20 cm from the floor then compressed by being

trampled on. Microorganism starter for process

fermentation were made from mixture of Tapai

(fermentation food from Cassava), yeast, straw and

then suspended it in water. The microorganism

starter was inoculated on the haystack until wet. The

water content in suspension was according to water

content of paddy straw. Step by step process to

stacking of paddy straw as above procedure were

repeated for several times until the straw runs out.

Paddy straw stacks were covered with plastic or dried

straw and incubated for 7-10 days. Process

fermentation was finished when the haystack hve

Table 1. Coastal Villages in the Four District of Deli Serdang District

No Coastal Village Area

(Km

)

Population

(poeple)

Fishermen

(people)

Information

Hamparan Perak Sub-D

Paluh Manan

Paluh Kurau

Sei Baharu

Lama Kp. Lama

Hamparan Perak

18,93

32,50

8,00

5.09

9.00

11.059

2.421

4.504

2.684

3.975

618

268

149

264

wide : 230,15 km

Total population =

112.967 jiwa

II.

Labuhan Deli Sub-D

Karang Gading

Pematang Johar

66.35

20.00

4.246

11.640

291

wide : 127,23 km

Total population = 45.261

ICOSTEERR 2018 - International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramiﬁcation Researches

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Table 2. Coastal Villages in the Four District of Deli Serdang District

III.

Percut Sei Tuan Sub-D

Tanjung Rejo

Percut

Pem. Lalang

Tanjung Selamat

19.00

10.63

20,10

16,33

7.164

10.422

20.55

40.59

208

653

wide : 190,79 km

Total population =

249.989

IV.

Pantai Percut Sub-D

Paluh sibaji

Deni Kuala

Bagan Serdang

Regemuk

Sei Tuan

1,37

4,59

1,68

3,00

14,00

2.548

1.751

1.028

1.773

170

1.174

643

693

wide : 81,85 km

Total population = 38.205

produced a caramel/tapai smelly, the texture of straw

fibers become smooth (check by hand or kneading),

and found a white and yellow mushroom. The

fermentation process was continued for 10 days ehen

the straws weren’t mature.

2.2.3 Training of Fertilizer Production

First, chopped hay were stack as high as 25 cm. . The

haystack was made up to 4 layer. Each layer was

added manure and fungus of Trichoderma. The

haystack then watered and covered with plastics. The

compost will be matured when it’s colour turn

brownish black and smell like soil odour.

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Implementation of activities carried out by way of

counseling and lecturing, explanation of the theory

and techniques of paddy straw utilization, followed

by community groups in the village of Tanjung Rejo

Deli Serdang District. Villagers listen to the material

Figure 1. Community service team from Universitas Sumatera Utara presented the theory and technique to convert paddystraw

to fertilizer and animal feed (a), the leader of community service team, Dr. Yurnaliza, M.Si.

Figure 2. Paddy straw chopper (a), Handover of chopper to farmer (b) and rancher (c).

Conversion of Paddy Straw into Fertilizer and Animal Feed at Tanjung Rejo Village, Deli Serdang Regency, Medan, Indonesia

1059

presented by the community service team (Figure 1).

The material presented concerns about the benefits of

paddy waste as organic fertilizer and animal feed.

It is expected that community groups can reduce

the cost of household production because they can get

and produce organic fertilizer and animal feed

themselves in accordance with their needs. So

community groups can save the environment and

improve the living standard of their families.

The training was conducted by community groups

in Tanjung Rejo village trained by a community

service team. All conduct this activity by proactively

conducting training to obtain results in the form of

organic fertilizer and animal feed from paddy waste.

Results are seen directly for the utilization of paddy

waste within a few days. Tools in the form of counter

tools have also been given so that groups of farmers

and ranchers can make their own.

The community service team granted the machine

of paddy straw chopper to the farmer and rancher

(Figure 2). The chopper machine was able to crushed

paddy straw into small grain. The machine was very

helpful and will reduce time consuming in converted

paddy straw to the final product.

The waste of paddy straw in Tanjung Rejo village

was abundant especially when harvesting time. The

farmer and rancher were able to use it freshly. The

people were very easy to use it directly as a raw

material for making organic fertilizer (compost) and

animal feed. The tools used for making compost and

animal feed in the form of straw chopper have been

given so that the village community can make their

own. In addition, the villager was able to save their

agricultural land from paddy waste while improving

living standards because they can make organic

fertilizer and animal feed themselves.

Figure 3. The farmer and rancher practiced the chopper

machine to reduce size of paddy straw before make a

fertilizer and animal feed.

The making of fertilizer and animal feed takes

time to produce the product, because the process

should be silenced or fermented for several days. So

community groups should have technical use and

utilization.

4 CONCLUSION

Community service of team USU in Tanjung Rejo

village was success to teach the farmer and rancher to

convert paddy straw to fertilizer and animal feed and

the communities listened and implemented that

theory enthusiastically and cooperatively.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The community service team were very grateful to

Universitas Sumatera Utara for non PNBP

Community Service Grand 2018.

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