Electric Control Principle and Experimental Analysis of Rubber
Precision Fertilization
Yuan Zhang
1
, Yiguo Deng
1
, Lijiao Wei
1,2*
, Yeqin Wang
1
, Zhiyang Zhang
3
, Shengli Liu
4
, Ming Li
1
,
Xuehu Dong
1
and Jianhua Cao
3
1
Tropical Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang,
China
2
Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. of YIWU, Zhanjiang,China
3
Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou, China
4
The Center of CangLong Agricultural Technology Service for Zhanjiang City, Zhanjiang, China
Keywords: Rubber, precision fertilization, electric control, experimental analysis.
Abstract: In this paper, aiming at the situation that it is difficult to control the amount of natural rubber fertilizer
mechanically, this paper introduces in detail a kind of rubber ditch electric control ditching and fertilization
combined operation machine, and its control principle, main structure and characteristics are described. The
test: the use of electric control precision fertilization control system to take the first booster and then speed
mode, the tractor carrier effectively achieve the Promise speed control knob can basically achieve the rubber
fertilization precision control, The precision index reaches 94.3%. The fertilization equipment equipped
with the control system matches the 80-horsepower tractor. The ditching depth can reach 22cm, the
productivity is 1.23hm
2
/h, the fuel consumption is 3.1kg/hm
2
, the fertilization uniformity is 90.3% and the
coverage rate is up to 98.0% , can effectively improve production efficiency and reduce production costs.
1 INTRODUCTION
Precision fertilization is one of the most important
parts of precision agriculture. It is the positioning
and quantitative fertilization. The so-called
"precision", that is, the "essence" and space in
quantity and the "quantity" in time, maximum. The
precision fertilization technology is not only
combined with the traditional fertilization
technology, but with the traditional fertilization
technology are quite different. The traditional way
of fertilization is to use the same amount of fertilizer
and fertilization within a large area or in a single
plot. In fact, there is a difference in soil nutrient
content in different parts of the same land. As a
result of the average fertilization, low fertility and
insufficient fertilization were achieved in other areas
with good fertility, while fertilization was excessive
in areas with high fertility but not in other
productive traits. As a result, fertilizer wasted, costs
were increased and environmental pollution was
inevitable (WANG Yeqin, 2016). In view of the soil
nutrients, ecological characteristics, current situation
and present production level of rubber plantations in
different rubber plantations, the timely adjustment of
the amount and mode of application of fertilizers
will further enhance the capacity and benefits of
natural rubber production. Therefore, precise
fertilization is the only way to develop fertilizer
technology.
Internationally, the research on precision
agriculture-related technologies has made relatively
rapid progress. The new technology system
developed mainly under the conditions of large-scale
operation and mechanized operation in developed
countries is applicable to large scale farms and other
areas where the technical equipment conditions And
supporting the more demanding. At present, the
overall technology and system research is still in the
theoretical exploration and testing methods and
techniques, the application is mostly for a point of
function. However, the application of precision
technology in rubber fertilization technology has yet
to be found.
In China, there are many researches on
fertilization technology. Guangxi Crane Extension
612
Zhang, Y., Deng, Y., Wei, L., Wang, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Li, M., Dong, X. and Cao, J.
Electric Control Principle and Experimental Analysis of Rubber Precision Fertilization.
In 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT 2018), pages 612-615
ISBN: 978-989-758-312-4
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved

Station Ke Fei et al reported that sugar cane
cultivating machinery can complete the processes of
soil crushing, weeding, fertilizing and earth-shaking
at the same time, which play a positive role in
improving work efficiency, saving costs and
increasing profits.3ZSP-2-type multi-functional
sugarcane fertilizer cultivator developed by Dong
Xuehu, Institute of Agricultural Machinery, Chinese
Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, can be
used not only for breaking the ridge of sugarcane in
the host plant, but also for fertilizing and earth-
cultivating in accordance with the technical idea of
Combining function, structure and performance.
Sugarcane seedlings in the new weeding, ditching,
fertilization and earth-training, quality and stability,
taking into account the fertilization of the first Order
monitoring fertilizer explored the like, but the prior
art are used in the fertilization of corn, sugarcane,
potatoes and other crops in the field has not been
published in the paper to the rubber (ZHANG Yuan,
2017; ZHANG Yuan, 2016).
At present, China's natural rubber plantation
industry is implementing its "going global"
development strategy. The high-precision and high-
precision rubber fertilization equipment developed
by the plant will have a good space for export-
oriented development. It will also be exported to
Africa, Asia and other planting countries or regions
as a foreign aid technology, It provides technical
support for the "going global" of China's natural
rubber and has a significant impact on enhancing the
international influence of the natural rubber industry.
2 FERTILIZER MACHINE
STRUCTURE AND
PRINCIPLES
2.1 Machine structure characteristics
Rubber garden electric ditching fertilizers mainly by
the rack; open plow body assembly; fertilizer device;
fertilizer assembly; limit wheel; dial grass assembly;
control system and other structural components, the
structure shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1: Rubber precision fertilizer machine structure.
The main equipment has the following structural
features:
a. Plow column, loose plow, stiffener, limit plate,
soil tooth welding in one, are free to move within the
scope of 60
。
angle to meet the needs of different
width of the ditches.
b. The pear acute angle surface is welded with an
angle adjusting mechanism, and the angle adjusting
mechanism is provided with a plurality of
positioning circular holes, which are used together
with the supporting rods welded on the pylons to
jointly adjust the width of the ditching work.
c. The cutting disc is a double-edge concave
structure, and the horizontal gap distance between
the tooth and the ground tooth can be adjusted by the
function of the positioning hole on the sleeve rod,
and the tail of the draft rod contacts with the
concave surface of the cutting disc to achieve the
function of removing weeds.
d. fertilizer device can be adjusted according to
the needs of the movable plate and the fertilizer tube
to adjust the amount of fertilizer to achieve the
purpose of fertilizer on-demand. Fertilizer hopper
specific position can be adjusted to achieve a fixed
bolt.
e. The control system can realize the constant
speed control on the fertilizing turntable in the cab,
and the quality of the scraping unit can be quantified
by controlling the turntable speed so as to achieve
the purpose of quantitative spreading.
2.2 Control method and working
principle
Tractor driving process through the rack driven
electric ditching fertilizers work, when the soil into
the tooth, cut the first contact with the ground, with
the increase of depth into the soil, cut into the tooth
with the role of the gap between the weeds, cut off
weeds, to avoid its winding pylons on the column
and increase the ditching resistance. Under the
action of the limit plate, the earthing tooth
cooperates with the tractor to sink the power, which
plays the role of limiting the plow body into the soil
without any restriction. As the tractor advances, the
earthwork and the stopper plate play the role of
loosening the soil. The principle of its own
perspective, making the soil along the two sides to
open up to the purpose of ditching. At this point in
the driver's cab connected to the toll dial control
button, the turntable began to work, with the
turntable running, the fertilizer inside the fat barrel
drops to the turntable, scraper and turntable on the
role of the relative movement of fertilizer The
Electric Control Principle and Experimental Analysis of Rubber Precision Fertilization
613

fertilizer is scraped down to the bottom of the
hopper and falls down to the back of the plow along
the drain tube. With the relative movement
occurring, the soil on both sides is automatically
backfilled after the ditching and the applied fertilizer
is covered, thereby completing the fertilization
process. In the process of fertilization according to
the demand for fertilizer by the driver to adjust the
speed governor fertilizer plate speed, so as to
achieve the purpose of quantitative fertilization.
3 ELECTRIC CONTROL
METHOD AND COMPOSITION
Electric control system mainly by the wiring device,
booster, governor, motor, fertilizer assembly, etc., a
brief structure shown in Figure 2:
Figure 2: Control system diagram.
The specific control process is described as
follows:
When the tractor ignition, the battery power to
the instrument line, then the electric control system
wiring device and tractor instrument wiring, the
driver opens the switch, the wiring device is
energized to the booster, the booster will tractor
battery voltage from 12V Up to 48V before
transmission to the governor, governor Promise
speed knob can be controlled at 0 ~ 360r / min motor
rotation, the motor relies on universal joints and the
transmission assembly to complete the connection to
complete the control of the fertilizer turntable ,
When the amount of fertilizer have fixed
requirements, can be installed in the tractor cab by
the governor knob speed control, so as to achieve the
purpose of fertilization control precision (Shi
Yinyan, 2017; Li Hongjun, 2017).
4 TEST
4.1 Test conditions and indicators
Electric control and machine test were carried out in
the open space and in the field respectively. The
field test was gentle slope, the slope was less than 15
degrees and the area was 1.5hm
2
. The rubber
planting distance was 6.5m.Fertilizer moisture
content of 3.7%~4.8%, soil moisture content is
12%~16%. Machine matching 80 horsepower
tractors, the main test results are as follows:
The ground test mainly tests the numerical value
of the amount of fertilizer in the unit strip when the
tractor travels at different speeds of different
fertilizers under different gear speeds.
The field test mainly tests the productivity of
pure working hours, the productivity of working
hours, the fuel consumption per unit area, the
amount of fertilizer per unit area, the depth of
ditches, the stability of ditches, the uniformity of
fertilization, the coverage of fertilizers (Zhu
Yongren, 2017; Yang Cheng, 2017).
4.2 Experimental procedure
Electric control fertilizer test process shown in
Figure 3:
Figure 3: Test process diagram.
Field test process and the effect shown in Figure
4:
Figure 4: effect picture.
4.3 Test results
Electric control test of fertilizer test indicators in
Table 1:
ICECTT 2018 - 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation
614

Table 1: Electric fertilizer test results.
index results
D2/9S 113
D2/15S 162
D2/23S 206
D3/9S 97
D3/15S 131
D3/23S 188
S
p
eed ratio accurac
y
94.3
Note: D2 / 9S means that the tractor travels at low
speed and 2 speeds, and the amount of fertilizer applied
per meter is 113g. Speed Accuracy = (actual unit area test
value / theoretical calculation per unit area) × 100%.
Field test of the whole index value in Table 2:
Table 2: Machine test index results.
index results
Pure working hour productivity
( h
m
2
/h)
1.23
Operating hours productivity
( h
m
2
/h)
0.8
Fuel consumption per unit area
(
k
g
/h
m
2
)
3.1
The amount of fertilizer per unit area
(
k
g
/h
m
2
)
1220
Ditch de
p
th
(
c
m
)
22
Ditch de
p
th stabilit
y
(
%
)
88.9
Fertilizer uniformity(,%) 90.3
Fertilizer coverage(% ) 98.0
Fertilizer breaking rate(%) 0.1
5 CONCLUSIONS
a.The electric control precision fertilization control
system, take the first booster and then speed mode,
the effective implementation of the tractor carrier
promise speed control knob can basically achieve
the precision of rubber fertilization control, accuracy
Indicators of 94.3%, while speed accuracy, control
reliability and other indicators have yet to be long-
term optimization and research.
b.Rubber Park electric trenching fertilizer
machine according to the basic realization of the
rubber plantation ditch management, fertilizer
agronomy simultaneously. Machine matching 80
horsepower tractors, ditching up to 22cm depth, the
productivity of 1.23hm
2
/h, fuel consumption
3.1Kg/hm
2
, fertilization uniformity 90.3%, coverage
up to 98.0%, which can effectively improve
production efficiency and reduce production costs.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was financially supported by the Central
Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research
Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural
Sciences(1630022015018&1630132017003);Public
Welfare Research and Capacity Building of
Guangdong Province (2017A02028012);2017
provincial agricultural development and rural work
special "natural rubber processing of key
technologies in Thailand application"(Yue Nongji
[2017] No.39);Natural Science Foundation of
Hainan Provincial(20155204); Chinese Academy of
Tropical Agricultural
Sciences(1630132016015);Science and Technology
Program special of Zhanjiang City(2015A03023)and
Collaborative innovation and platform environment
construction special of Guangdong Province
(2017A040406003).
I would like to thank the members of the
research group for their selfless help, especially the
communication author Wei Lijiao,and the guangba
farms in Hainan Province for the project test of
strong support.
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