Crushing Machine and Double Roll Balancing Test in Pineapple
Stems and Leaves
Zhongqing Ou
1
, Yuan Zhang
1*
, Lijiao Wei
1
, Zhende Cui
1
, Ling Li
1
, Jin Zhang
1
and Shengli Liu
2
，
3
1
Tropical Agricultural Machinery Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang,
China
2
Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. of YIWU, Zhanjiang,China
3
The Center of CangLong Agricultural Technology Service for Zhanjiang City, Zhanjiang,China
Keywords: Pineapple, comminuted shredding machine, biaxial, dynamic balance, test.
Abstract: This paper describes the pineapple leaf crushing machine in detail, including two-roll structure, structural
characteristics, working principle, two-roll processing requirements and dynamic balance testing methods,
Knife sharpener and after knife edge knife straight knife with the composition. After fully considering the
radial and axial positioning and balancing, the machine can effectively increase the number of hitting,
cutting and secondary crushing of the pineapple blades after entering the crushing chamber, achieving the
goal of meeting the agronomic requirements of a crushing operation. The testing results showed that the
passing rate of pineapple leaf was 98.9% after the crushing and returning machine calibrated by dynamic
balance test. The passing rate of pineapple head was 92.4% and the working stability was 89.4%. The
unevenness of throwing and The average time to failure was 0.59 and 3.4h, the whole machine showed high
reliability, to meet the actual operational needs.
1 INTRODUCTION
Pineapple is one of the famous tropical fruit, which
is mainly distributed between the 30 degrees of the
north and the south. China's planting area is about 70
thousand hectares, mainly in Guangdong, Hainan,
Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian and other provinces.
Pineapple leaves are rich in fructose, glucose, amino
acids, protein, organic acids, crude fiber, calcium,
iron, phosphorus, vitamins, enzymes and other
nutrients. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization
of abandoned Pineapple leaves has certain economic
benefits and important environmental benefits
(Zhang Guo, 2017). In recent years, the
comprehensive utilization of waste in the pineapple
leaf also a lot of research, such as the use of
pineapple leaf residues by anaerobic fermentation
biogas production, production of bio organic
fertilizer, silage, in the main planting area in our
country most of the pineapple, Pineapple leaves by
returning the way into the line by this way, the speed
and efficiency high promotion and easier application.
Pineapple leaf returning first adopted the way
that post-harvested pineapple stubble will be
transported to the fields through artificial or
bulldozers and other equipment, dry incineration or
compost into fertilizer, caused by a certain degree of
pollution to the environment, in order to solve this
problem, at the end of 80s, China began the study of
crushed pineapple leaf returning machinery and
technology, and experienced a multi-stage harrow
flail chopped, stems and leaves of pineapple cut and
crushing stage, the existing models mainly include:
hoe shaped flail of pineapple leaf shattering and
returning machine (Figure 1) and improved L shaped
flail pineapple leaf shattering and returning machine
(Figure 2).
Figure 1: The structure of returning hoe shaped grinding
knife.
616
Ou, Z., Zhang, Y., Wei, L., Cui, Z., Li, L., Zhang, J. and Liu, S.
Crushing Machine and Double Roll Balancing Test in Pineapple Stems and Leaves.
In 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT 2018), pages 616-620
ISBN: 978-989-758-312-4
Copyright © 2018 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved

Figure 2: Returning L shaped flail crushing structure.
Pineapple leaf shattering and returning
machinery in general operation mainly due to low
efficiency, high operation energy consumption is
due to its unique biological characteristics and
mechanical properties of the pineapple stem leaf
shattering and returning machine into the pineapple,
tend to be the 2-3 smash, in order to make the
crushing effect and meet the requirements of the
proportion (pineapple stem and leaf length is less
than 15cm is not less than 90%), but in second times,
third times in the process of grinding, pineapple
stem leaf and ground surface close to earth mixed
together, to crush it, must reduce the crushing knife
stick of pineapple leaf and soil mixture crushing
operations, so that the energy consumption increases,
at the same time. 2-3 means crushing tractor
repeated rolling land, resulting in land compaction,
is not conducive to subsequent tillage operations (Ou
Zhongqing, 2017; Zhang Yurong, 2017). Therefore,
the most direct way to reduce the problem of low
efficiency, high energy consumption and soil
compaction of pineapple stem and leaf is to reduce
the operation times of pineapple stem and leaf
crushing and returning machine under the premise of
ensuring the grinding rate.
In view of the existing pineapple stem leaf
shattering and returning machine operation
efficiency is low, operation difficulty and operation
of high energy consumption, soil compaction and
other issues, combined with reduced pineapple stem
leaf crushing returning machine number, according
to the technical thought and the overall scheme of
stable performance, simple structure, the design and
development of double roller supporting large and
medium-sized tractor pineapple stem the leaf
shattering and returning machine, also carried out a
lot of research work on dynamic balance test on twin
roll.
2 THE OVERALL STRUCTURE
AND CHARACTERISTICS OF A
DOUBLE ROLL PINEAPPLE
LEAF PULVERIZING
MACHINE
2.1 Structural characteristics
Double knife roller pineapple stem and leaf
shattering and returning machine, which comprises a
frame, a supporting rod, a transmission mechanism,
the knife roller assembly, the knife, the knife roll
assembly, fixed knife, wheel, which is characterized
in that a frame is arranged at the tail part of the front
plate, a support rod arranged inside the rack and the
gear box, the middle part. With a knife before and
after the knife roller assembly and assembly; the
knife roller assembly and the knife roller assembly is
assembled above the fixed knife before and after the
fixed knife, the knife roller assembly via a front seat
with the knife edged knife mouth and pin hinge, the
front end is provided with a a belt wheel, and is
fixed on the power output shaft of the gear box at
one end of the driving pulley is connected through
the V belt, the other end is provided with a front
pulley and fixed on the rear end of the knife roller
assembly after the belt wheel is connected through
the V belt, after the knife roller assembly through
after the knife holder and is fixed to the bolt group
straight knife (Xie Yanmin, 2017; Cui Zhende,
2013). The whole machine structure is shown in
Figure 3.
Figure 3: Structure diagram of a double knife roll
pineapple pulverizing machine.
The main features of the machine are as follows:
the structure of one big, one small and two knives
and rollers can work together to significantly
improve the crushing effect, reduce the number of
pineapple leaf crushing from 2-3 times to 1 times,
avoid multiple operations, increase productivity,
reduce energy consumption and avoid excessive
compaction of soil.
Crushing Machine and Double Roll Balancing Test in Pineapple Stems and Leaves
617

2.2 Working principle
The machine is equipped with 120-140 horsepower
tractors, the use of rear suspension as a working
power, the tractor in the forward process, the output
power through the output shaft, through the
universal transmission assembly to the bevel gear
gear shaft, through a pair of cones Gear growth and
change direction, and then through the transmission
shaft connected to the front roller pulley, drive the
front shredding roller high-speed rotation, driven by
the pulley connection after the shredding roller
rotation.Before driving the grinding knife roller
rotating speed, and grinding knife roller is connected
with a belt wheel, the knife roller to rotate in the
process through a belt pulley and a belt drive after
high speed rotary knife roller. Double roller crushing
returning machine into the stems and leaves of
pineapple pineapple, pineapple leaf machine hand to
slow down shattering and returning machine, with
the wheel, adjusting front knife roller clearance
tractor, walking forward, before driving a knife
roller rotating speed, the knife roller and the cutting,
with the fixed knife pick up, crushed pineapple leaf,
and crushed Pineapple leaves thrown after the knife
roll, after the knife roller with the fixed knife is
installed on the frame, again on the pineapple stem
and leaf is crushed, Pineapple leaves and stems
along the baffle is spread evenly on the surface,
complete the grinding operation of pineapple stem
and leaf of the final.
3 DOUBLE ROLL STRUCTURE
TEST
Roll in installation tool, by the environmental impact
crushing object and surface uneven will jump a wide
range, in addition to the design of double roller to
test the instability caused by the operation object,
also need to take into account the dynamic balance
roll itself, otherwise it will directly affect the normal
use of the equipment or service life.
3.1 Processing and assembling of
double knives
Double roll pineapple stem leaf shattering and
returning machine has before and after the
installation of knife knife knife knife stick
installation, processing and assembly process to
consider the radial and axial double precision, and
ensure that the static and dynamic balance of the
single roll.
Roll design before considering the cutters and
stick the assembly simulation test calibration, modal
analysis shows that the knife roller of the first 5
natural frequencies in the range of 0.0018 ~
0.0163Hz can effectively avoid the inherent
frequency of the knife roller, so far, to ensure that
the high-speed operation of the knife roller is
reliable, then processing and installation. Simulation
results are shown in Figure 4 (a, b, c).
4a Model diagram of front roller
1.After roller 2.Straight Knife 3.Straight Knife base
4.Bolt group
4b Model diagram of after roller
4c Analysis chart of modal at roller
Figure 4: Model and modal analysis diagram of knife
stick.
At the same time, the installation of the stick is
balanced by the balance of the shaft, and the
processing and installation are shown in Figure 5 (a,
b, c) (Zhang Yuan, 2017; Ou Zhongqing, 2017; Li
Ling, 2014).
ICECTT 2018 - 3rd International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation
618

5a Machining chart of knife stick + cutter seat
5b Tool bar + knife seat + blade machining map
5c Installation diagram
Figure 5: Tool roll processing and installation drawing.
3.2 Dynamic balance test of double
knives
Double roll pineapple stem leaf shattering and
returning machine balancing using HSC type China
Guangdong Foshan Shunde electric machinery
industry limited company to test the dynamic
balancing machine, the 75g standard balance
principle, the detection process marked with
standard magnet after welding of metal materials by
way of balance. The detection process is shown in
Figure 6 (a, b).
6a Machine effect
6b Detection page
Figure 6: Tool roll test process diagram.
3.3 Test result of whole machine index
The whole machine test of two roller pineapple stem
and leaf crushing and returning machine is carried
out in Xuwen County, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong
province (Tang Ningning, 2017; You Jiahan, 2017).
The demonstration base of the 100 mu
demonstration area of continuous pineapple
mechanization and crushing is returned, and the
relevant test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: Detection index and results.
index result
Productivit
y
(
h
m
2
/h
)
0.25
Fuel consumption
(
k
g
/h
m
2
)
16.12
S
p
rinkle evenness
(
%
)
0.59
stabilit
y
(
%
)
89.4
Pineapple Leak out of the ground
p
ass rate
(
%
)
92.4
Pinea
pp
le leaf smash
p
ass rate
(
%
)
98.9
Broken broken rate
(
%
)
0
Mean time to failure( h) 3.4
Visual vibration situation normal
Crushing Machine and Double Roll Balancing Test in Pineapple Stems and Leaves
619

From table 1 shows: pineapple leaf crushing pass
rate stable at 98.9%, pineapple head leakage height
pass rate stable at 92.4%, stability is 89.4%;
throwing non-uniformity and the average time was
0.59 and 3.4h, high working reliability of the whole
machine, meet the actual operation requirements and
design requirements.
4 CONCLUSIONS
A. double roller type structure of pineapple leaf
shattering and returning machine, using Daogun
double L thickening and flail Daogun after opening
with the knife edged, together with fixed cutters in
full consideration and dynamic balance of radial and
axial positioning, can effectively increase the
pineapple leaves into the crushing cavity after being
hit, cutting and two times the number of pieces,
achieved a crushing to the agronomic requirements,
effectively solved by repeated operation of soil
compaction and low production efficiency and
energy consumption of higher multiple tasks (Wang
Ruili, 2017).
B. test showed that after crushing and returning
machine dynamic balance detection after calibration,
pineapple leaf crushing pass rate stable at 98.9%,
pineapple head leakage height pass rate stable at
92.4%, stability is 89.4%; throwing non-uniformity
and the average time was 0.59 and 3.4h, the work
showed high reliability, meet the actual operation
needs.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This work was financially supported by the Central
Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research
Fund for Public Welfare Research and Capacity
Building of Guangdong Province
(2017A02028011);Science and Technology Program
special of Zhanjiang City(2015A03020);Chinese
Academy of Tropical Agricultural
Sciences(1630132017003);Collaborative innovation
and platform environment construction special of
Guangdong Province (2017A040406003).
I would like to thank the members of the
research group for their selfless help, especially the
communication author Zhang Yuan,and the friendly
farms in Guangdong Province for the project test of
strong support.
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