Perception and Feasibility Study toward Mini Vocational School

under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java

Bagus Oktafian Abrianto

, Dimas Agung Trisliatanto

and Suparto Wijoyo

Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Campus B Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam Selatan Surabaya, Indonesia

Master Program Study of Human Resource Development, Postgraduate School of Universitas Airlangga, Campus B. Jl.

Airlangga No. 4-6 Surabaya, Indonesia

Faculty of Law, Universitas Airlangga, Campus B Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam Selatan Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Mini Vocational School, Perception, Eligibility Study.

Abstract: Improving the quality of human resources is the attention of all parties, especially in the atmosphere of

multidimensional crisis that occurs today, the community needs the support of various parties to face free

competition. The Mini Vocational Program from Education Department of East Java Province in 2014 is to

produce skilled work force and new business opportunity in facing era of ASEAN Economic Community

especially in East Java. There are several types of business vocational training in Mini Vocational School,

customized local potential, ranging from batik, convection, computer network engineering, processed

products, industry, machinery, and so on. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of

perception and feasibility toward the existence of Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding

School in East Java and to know what factors of both perceptual variable and feasibility variable that can

influence to the existence of Mini Vocational School. This research method used explanatory survey that

found the description and relationships between two variables. In this study, researchers took the population

of students (100 people), community (20 people) and users (2 people) of Mini Vocational School with

purposive sampling and get 1098 people as respondents. This study used the classical assumption test,

among others are: 1.) Multicolonierity Test; 2.) Heteroscedasticity Test; 3.) Autocorrelation Test; 4.)

Normality Data Test. In testing the hypothesis in this study used the t-test and Coefficient of Determination

). The results of analysis showed that the importance of Mini Vocational School presented in Islamic

Boarding in East Java is viewed from the perception and feasibility study for students who are also santri,

the community around, and users who use the services of Mini Vocational School to develop the potential

of human resources and promote the economic sector, industry sector, business sector, entrepreneurship

sector, and other sectors in East Java at the same time.

1 INTRODUCTION

Vocational High School is one of the middle-level

formal education institutions which is a continuous

part of the national education system that occupies a

very important position to realize the intellectual life

of the nation. In the face of the era of

industrialization and free competition requires a

productive, effective, disciplined and responsible

labor so that they are able to fill, create, and expand

employment. In reality, however, graduates of

Vocational High School are only recognized by their

own schools and still lack the confidence of the

business world and the industrial world.

The old vocational education has a weakness that

is, the implementation of education unilaterally so

that students are left behind by the progress of the

business world industry, unclear competence

achieved, not recognize the skills obtained outside

the school (Sidi, 2001). This is revealed based on

unemployment data obtained from the Central

Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Indonesia.

No. 77/12 / Years XIII, December 1, 2010 On Labor

Conditions In August 2010 Based on the Highest

Education Arrested with the total number of

unemployed 108.21 million people; (1) primary

education level below 54.51 million people

(50.09%); (2) Junior High School (SMP) 20.63

million people (19.06%); (3) Senior High School

746

Oktaﬁan Abrianto, B., Agung Trisliatanto, D. and Wijoyo, S.

Perception and Feasibility Study toward Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java.

DOI: 10.5220/0007550707460752

In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School (ICPS 2018), pages 746-752

ISBN: 978-989-758-348-3

15.92 million people (14.71%); (4) Vocational

School 8.88 million people (8.20%); (5) Diploma I /

II / III 3.02 million people (2.79%); and (6)

University 5.25 million people (4.85%) (BPS, 2014).

While the data in 2017 mentioned that the

Unemployment Open Rate in Indonesia amounted to

5.33 percent, this means that from 100 people labor

force in Indonesia, there are 5 peoples who enter the

category of unemployed (Central Bureau of

Statistics, 2014). The Central Bureau of Statistics

explained that the highest unemployment rate

according to the level of education is in secondary

education 7.94%. While those with low education

tend to be willing to accept any job, it can be seen

from the Open Unemployment Rate that the group

never attended school or never received a very low

school bench, which is 2.21%. This data proves the

still high unemployment rate according to the

highest education In Indonesia, including Vocational

High School graduate 8.88 million people (8.20%).

Unemployment Open Rate in East Java Province

is still at 4.21%, indicating that there are still 4

unemployed people in every 1000 people in East

Java (Yusuf, 2010). It should be noted also about the

trend that shows urban open unemployment rate is

higher when compared to rural unemployment rate.

The Central Bureau of Statistics (2014) notes that

the trend is taking place since 2015 where urban

open unemployment rate is 4.89% while rural

3.66%, while in 2016 where urban open

unemployment rate is 4.89% while rural 3.40%,

while in 2017 where urban unemployment rate is

5.65% while rural is 2.54%.

In addition, if based on educational status, the

Open Unemployment Rate is at most in the

population with Vocational High School education

due to incompatibility between Human Resource

development in education and labor market needs in

East Java. The ratio of entrepreneurs Indonesia is

only 3.1%, the situation is lower compared to other

countries such as Malaysia 5%, China 10%,

Singapore 7%, Japan 11% and the United States 12

% (Hudiyono, 2014). Although Indonesian

entrepreneurs are already above 2% as the minimum

limit of developed countries, but the need for

significant increase to compete with other countries.

In the process of learning in Mini Vocational

School of course there are many issues that need to

be addressed among others is the implementation of

Mini Vocational School under the Islamic boarding

program is still incidental and unstructured, when

given the material according to the education

program of the students have high motivation but

after the program ended the idea is less developed

and less can be understood further by the students

due to limited time because in addition to being a

student as a participant of Mini Vocational School,

students also become “santri” in the Islamic

boarding school which has duty and responsibility in

It. From these problems the need for special

identification related research about perception and

feasibility study toward Mini Vocational School

under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java

(Andayani, 2015).

2 RESEARCH PROBLEM

Based on the background of the problem, It can be

formulated as follows:

1. Is there any influence of perception and

feasibility study toward the Mini Vocational

School under the Islamic Boarding School in

East Java ?

2. How are the factors about perception and

feasibility study toward the Mini Vocational

School under the Islamic Boarding School in

East Java ?

3 PURPOSE AND BENEFIT

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence

of perception and feasibility toward the existence of

Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding

School in East Java and to know what factors of

both perceptual variable and feasibility variable that

can give influence to the existence of Mini

Vocational School.

The benefit of this research is to give

contribution for the development of scientific study

on the representation of stakeholder population

(students, community, and user) related to Mini

Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding

School in East Java and to find various analysis

findings that can be reference and reference a

scientific study for the Education Department of

East Java Provincie to project the development

comprehensively and progress of the Mini

Vocational School relevantly.

Perception and Feasibility Study toward Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java

747

4 LITERATURES

4.1 Education: Essences, Aims, and

Components

Education is a conscious and planned effort to create

an atmosphere of learning and learning process so

that learners actively develop their potential to have

spiritual power of religion, self-control, personality,

intelligence, noble character, and also skills needed

himself, the community, develop all the potential of

the learners through the learning process (Law no.

20 of 2003 on National Education System in article

1). Education comes from on the basis of "educate"

which means to maintain and provide training. Both

of these require the existence of teachings, guidance,

and leadership about the intelligence of the mind.

The purpose of education is also referred to in

Law no. 20 of 2003 in article 3 that education aims

at the development of the potential of learners to

become human beings who believe and cautious to

God Almighty, noble, healthy, knowledgeable,

capable, creative, independent, and become citizens

of a democratic and responsible. The success of the

unity of the three components involves several

factors, among others: 1.) The educator component;

2.) Component of Student; 3.) Component

Implementation (Sidi, 2001).

4.2 Mini Vocational School

Vocational High School is one form of a education

formal unit that provides vocational education at

secondary education level as a continuation of Junior

High School, Madrasah Tsanawiyah, or other

equivalent form. Schools in education and

vocational type can be named Vocational High

School or Vocational Madrasah Aliyah, or other

similar forms.

The skills program implemented in Mini

Vocational School adjusts to the needs of the

existing workplace. The skills program at the Mini

Vocational School level also adjusts to community

and market demand. Vocational education is a

secondary education that prepares students

especially to be ready to work in a particular field.

Learners can choose areas of expertise that are of

interest in Mini Vocational Schools. The curriculum

of Mini Vocational School is made so that students

are ready to work directly in the world of work.

Their orientation is generally only in the delivery

of labor. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution,

how education can play a role to change

entrepreneurial-human. Entrepreneurship needs to be

prepared "proactive" as early as possible by

boarding school through Mini Vocational School

program as one of the programs developed by the

education and culture office of East Java province.

4.3 Perception

Perception is one of the important psychological

aspects for humans in responding to the presence of

various aspects and symptoms around it. Perception

contains a very broad sense, concerning the internal

and external. Experts have given a diverse definition

of perception, although in principle it has the same

meaning. Perception is the ability of the brain in

translating the stimulus or the process to translate

the stimulus that goes into the human sense

apparatus (Judge, 2010).

Perception is a process of organizing,

interpreting the stimulus received by organisms or

individuals so that It becomes something

meaningful, and is an integrated activity within the

individual (Jalaludin, 2003). These factors make

individual perceptions different from each other and

will affect the individual in perceiving an object, the

stimulus, although the object is really the same. The

process of formation of perception is based on

several stages, namely: 1.) Stimulus; 2.)

Registration; 3.) Interpretation (Djatmiko, 2011).

4.4 Feasibility Study

Feasibility is the exertion or analysis of something

whether an activity is done has provided benefits or

results or not (Husnan dan Muhammad, 2000). The

feasibility study is an activity to assess the extent to

which benefits can be obtained in implementing a

business activity (Jalal and Supriadi, 2001). The

purpose of feasibility study, among others: 1.)

Avoiding the risk of loss; 2.) Ease of planning; 3.)

Facilitate the execution of the work. 4.) Facilitate

supervision; and 5.) Ease of control (Mantia, 2014).

The education feasibility study has several

aspects that need to be assessed, covering aspects of

legality, financial aspects, technical aspects of

education, education management aspects, economic

and social aspects, and environmental impact aspects

(Nurmalina, 2009). Educational feasibility assessed

based on financial aspects, technical aspects of

education, education management aspects, as well as

aspects of economic and social capacity.

ICPS 2018 - 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School

748

5 METHODS

This research used quantitative research approach

with explanative method. Explanative method is

used to explain a generalization and explain the

relationship of one variable with another variable so

that explanative research using samples and

hypotheses (Sugiyono, 2013), as follows:

:There is influence about perception (X

)

toward Mini Vocational School (Y) in East

Java Province

:There is influence about feasibility study (X

)

toward Mini Vocational School (Y) in East

Java Province

In this study, researchers took the population of

students (100 people), community (20 people) and

users (2 people) of Mini Vocational School with

purposive sampling and get 1098 people as

respondence.

The locations are: 1.) SMK Baitur Rohmah

(Jombang); 2.) SMK Bustanul Falah (Banyuwangi);

3.) SMK Zainul Hasan Genggong (Probolinggo); 4.)

SMK An Nur Omben (Sampang); 5.) SMK Baitul

Atieq Brebek (Nganjuk); 6.) SMK NU 1 Bustanul

Ulum (Lamongan); 7.) SMK Plus Al Mujahidi

(Jember); 8.) SMK Wijaya Kusuma Dagangan

(Madiun); 9.) SMK Darussalamm Ketapang

(Sampang).

This study used the classical assumption test,

among others: 1.) Multicolonierity Test; 2.)

Heteroscedasticity Test; 3.) Autocorrelation Test; 4.)

Normality Data Test. In testing the hypothesis in this

study using the t-test and Coefficient of

Determination (R

) (Sugiyono, 2013).

6 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

6.1 Characteristic of Respondence

Description of respondent's characteristic is an

explanation of 1098 respondents based on study

subject according to Table 1 below:

Table 1: Frequency distribution based on major study :

primary data, 2017.

Major Study Frequency

Percentage

(%)

Major of Office

Administration

95 8,6

Major of Engineering 296 26,9

Major of Culinary

Art/Fashion Art

174 15,8

Major of Health 43 3,7

Major of Information and

Telecommunication

222 20,1

Major of Management,

Marketing, and

Accounting

96 8,7

Major of Hospitality 91 8,1

Others 80 7,2

Total 1098 100,0%

Based on table 2 shows that respondents from the

major of office administration are 95 people (8.6%),

respondents from the major of engineering are 296

people (26.9%), respondents from the major of

culinary art/fashion art are 174 people (15,8%),

respondents from the major of health are 43 people

(3.7%), respondents form the major of information

of telecommunication are 222 people (20.1%),

respondents from the major of management,

marketing and accounting are 96 people (8.7%),

respondents from the major of hospitality are 91

people (8.1%) respondents from the major of others

are 80 people (7.2%). The majority of respondents

come from engineering major.

6.2 Validity and Reliability

The result of validity shows some question

indicators on perception, feasibility study, and Mini

Vocational School are valid because the correlation

coefficient between item and total item (r

count

) is

bigger than r

table

value. Cronbach's Alpha value for

variables of perception, feasibility study, and Mini

Vocational School is greater than minimum

requirement that is 0,60 so that each variables are

stated reliable and can be used in research.

6.3 Classic Assumption Test:

Normality Test, Heteroscedasticity

Test, Multicolinierity Test,

Autocorrelation Test

In according with the stated in the study that the data

is said to be normally distributed when the data

distribution approaches a straight sloping straight

line. The following is the result of the normality data

test (P-Plot):

Perception and Feasibility Study toward Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java

749

Figure 1: The result of normality test with p-plot graphic :

primary data, 2017.

Based on Figure 1, the results of the test with the

plot of Normal P-P Plot of Standardized Residual for

both model 1 and model 2 indicate that the data

spreads closer to the straight oblique straight line,

and the data follows the groove to the upper right.

So it can be concluded that the graph shows the data

is normally distributed. Symptoms of

heteroscedasticity do not occur when the scatterplot

seen that the spots spread and did not form a certain

pattern clear. The following results of

heteroscesdasticity test (scatterplot):

Figure 2: The result of heteroscedasticity test with

scatterplot : primary data, 2017.

The result of assumption of heteroscesdasticity in

this study shows that the spots spread randomly

above and below zero on the Y axis and do not form

a certain clear pattern, so it can be concluded that

there is no problem of heteroscedasticity. In Table 2

below is the result of multicollinearity test:

Table 2: The result of multicolinierity test: primary data, 2017.

Model

Unstandardized

Coefficients

Standardized

Coefficients

T Sig.

Collinearity Statistics

B Std. Error Beta Tolerance VIF

Constant 0,503 0,070 7,222 0,000

Perception (X

) 0,309 0,029 0,340 10,610 0,001 0,459 2,181

Feasibility (X

) 0,507 0,031 0,515 16,097 0,002 0,460 2,181

Regression model is not happen to

multicollinearity if tolerance value > 0,10 and VIF <

10. So It can be concluded that the independent

variable regression tested in this study was not

exposed to classic multicollinearity symptoms. The

following table 3 is the result of the autocorrelation

test:

Table 3: The result of autocorrelation: primary data, 2017.

Model R R

Adjusted R

Std. Error of the Estimate Durbin-Watson

1 0,799 0,639 0,638 0,23226 2,011

The regression model has no autocorrelation

symptoms if the Durbin-Watson value is between -2

and +2. The autocorrelation test results show the

Durbin-Watson numbers in the above table is 2.011.

Durbin-Watson values in this regression are between

-2 and +2. So, it can be concluded that the regression

model used in this study there are no symptoms of

autocorrelation.

6.4 Regression Analysis and

Hypothesis Test

Multiple linear regression calculation with

dependent variable of Mini Vocational School,

independent variable of perception and feasibility

study have done that show the result of calculation,

according to table 4 as follows:

ICPS 2018 - 2nd International Conference Postgraduate School

750

Table 4: The result of regression analysis: primary data,

2017.

Variabel

Koefisien

Regresi

Sig. t Conclusion

Unstandardized

Constant 0,503 0,000

Perception

)

0,309 0,000 Significant

Feasibility

)

0,507 0,000 Significant

0,639

Dependent Variable: Mini Vocational School

Based on the results of data processing, the

regression results in this study is the regression

model has a constant value of 0,503. The variable of

perception has a constant value of 0.309 with a

significant value of 0.000. While the variable of

feasibility study has a constant value of 0,507 with a

significant value of 0.000. The coefficient of

determination (R

) 0,639 indicates that 63,9%

variable The Mini Vocational School can be

explained by independent variable used by

researcher, while the rest equal to 36,1% explained

by other variable do not used in this research.

In the calculation shows the constant of 0.503

and the perception variable has a regression

coefficient of 0.309 which means if the perception

value rises 1 unit of deviation then the existence of

Mini Vocational School will increase by 0.812 units

of deviation. The coefficient of perception variable

(X1) has positive regression coefficient. This

suggests that any increase in presence variables of

Mini Vocational School is due to an increase in

perception (X

). In the calculation also shows the

vaiable of feasibility study has a regression

coefficient of 0,507 which means if the value of

feasibility study rise 1 unit of deviation hence the

existence of Mini Vocational School will increase by

1.01 unit of deviation. The regression coefficient of

feasibility study variable (X

) has a positive

regression coefficient. This indicates that every

increase in the variable of Mini Vocational School is

due to the improvement of eligibility (X

This study has two hypotheses that have been

through a series of data collection and testing

process. The presentation of test results has been

described and the following is a summary of

hypothesis test results presented in table 5 below:

Table 5: The result of hypothesis test: primary data, 2017.

Hypothesis Description

= There is influence about

perception (X

) toward Mini

Vocational School (Y) in East Java

Province

Accepted

= There is influence about

feasibility study (X

) toward Mini

Vocational School (Y) in East Java

Province

Accepted

7 CONCLUSION

Based on data analysis quantitatively, the

researchers concludes that the results of this study

show that the influence of perception (X

) toward

Mini Vocational School (Y) in East Java is

significant, with a big influence of 0.309 so that

based on this result the first hypothesis about the

influence of perception (X

) toward Mini Vocational

School (Y) in East Java has proven. While the

influence of the feasibility study (X

) toward Mini

Vocational School (Y) in East Java is significant,

with a big influence 0.507 so based on this result the

second hypothesis about the influence of feasibility

study (X

) toward Mini Vocational School (Y) in

East Java has proven.

Understanding education is the process of

changing attitudes and behavior of a person or group

of people in an effort to mature humans through the

efforts of teaching and training (Chandra, 2009).

During this education is less attention to the growth

of attitudes, interests and entrepreneurial behaviors

of learners, both in school and professional

education (Hudiyono, 2016). The basic sequence in

the planning and implementation of education is the

education cycle consisting of the stages of planning,

identification, preparation and analysis of

assessment of implementation and evaluation

(Budiyono, 2009).

The results of analysis show that the importance

of Mini Vocational School presence in Islamic

Boarding in East Java is viewed from the perception

and feasibility study for students who are also santri,

the community around, and users who use the

services of Mini Vocational School to develop the

potential of human resources and promote the

economic sector, industry sector, business sector,

entrepreneurship sector, and other sectors in East

Java at the same time.

Perception and Feasibility Study toward Mini Vocational School under the Islamic Boarding School in East Java

751

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The researcher always grateful thanks to Allah SWT

Almighty God because of His bless we can do and

finish this research obviously and relevantly. We

must say thanks to Education Department Office of

East Java Province, Mini Vocational School under

the Islamic Boarding, students, people, and users

that related to this research because they give

meaningful help and give many kinds of information

and data.

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