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that the reminiscence therapy is able to
repair and maintain the cognitive abilities of elderly
who do as much as 6 months.
4 DISCUSSION
Elderly people with dementia will experience
decreased memory and functional disorders and
behaviors that affect their behavior in daily life so
that it can create personal, family, and
environmental difficulties where the elderly
live. Therefore, a way that can improve the
condition especially non pharmacological way is
needed. There have been many researchers looking
for ways to overcome the problems that exist. Then,
some methods or ways to overcome the things or
problems were found and one of them is
called reminiscence therapy.
Reminiscence therapy is a commonly used
psychosocial intervention for the elderly in the
treatment of dementia. It is a way of preserving the
personal past and perpetuating the identity of the
person and using stimulation,communication,
socialization, and entertainment. This therapy
consists of several ways or intervention with the
same goal that is to maintain and improve the
elderly's memory in order to carry out daily
activities independently. This therapy can maintain
and improve the expected memory quality of life
elderly to be better than before getting the therapy.
Fifteen journal using reminiscience intervention
with the tools such as pictures, multimedia, music,
peer support, and a combination of the four tools
showed a significant effect on improving the quality
of life of elderly with dementia.
In reminiscence intervention with the help of
picture using life story approach was for instance
about the reminiscence of the childhood, schooldays,
working life, marriage, holiday, and journey.
The respondents were given a memory
stimulus by showing photography, recordings, and
newspaper clippings about their life since childhood
until now. In addition, families or counselors are
also involved in the intervention to increase social
support for elderly with dementia. This
implementation was given into several sessions,
namely 12-24 sessions, where each session was held
for 2 hours.
The results of the implementation showed that
these interventions are effective in improving the
quality of life and good relationships with the
environment in the elderly with dementia.
The reminiscence interventions with multimedia
tools, including Online Life Story Book (OLSB ), it
is used to restore memories so as to enhance feelings
of pleasure and trust. This study has the following
four secondary objectives namely: 1) studying the
effectiveness of interventions on the burden and
quality of life primary informal caregivers; 2)
providing an initial health evaluation; 3) studying
(time for ) nursing home admissions as long-term
effects, and 4) providing process evaluation.
The Online Life Story Book is an e-health
application that allows placing personal memories
on a dynamic timeline. OLSB materials consist of
personal information, such as photos at school,
holiday activities, weddings, or activities with
family and children. Interventions were conducted in
5 sessions for 8-10 weeks. The implementation
results showed that these interventions were
effective in improving the cognitive function and in
reducing depressed feeling in people with dementia.
In reminescence intervention with music aids, it
consists of Art Therapy (AR) and Music
Reminiscence Activity (MRA), which aim to
strengthen the system of attention and improve
cognition. The intervention is given for 9 months
divided into two sessions, the first session was given
every week for 3 months, while the second session
was given bi-weekly for 6 months. The
implementation results showed that the intervention
is effective in maintaining and improving cognitive
abilities of elderly with dementia.
Different researchers on two articles discussed
the reminiscence therapy with peer
support method. Peer support can help the memory
of the elderly because in peer support elderly can tell
the experience and success of the past. In addition,
between peer support and the elderly can exchange
information.
Further, researchers on five articles used the
method of combining pictures, music, object, and
communicating the specific topic followed by
singing. This combined method is effective in
preventing cognitive decline in the elderly. This
method was performed sequentially in the therapy
session starting from the greetings, the orientation of
reality, telling about certain topics (childhood
memories, these events one's life, and events in the
past ), followed by singing and closing.
5 CONCLUSIONS
The reminiscence therapy by using life story
approach is reliable and effective to improve the
quality of life in dementia patients.
INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research
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