Effectiveness Poskestren to Overcome Health Problems

in Islamic Boarding School

A Systematic Review

Ulum Mab’ruroh

, Sulistiawati

and Retno Indarwati

Faculty of Nursing Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia

Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Mulyorejo, Surabaya, Indonesia

Keywords: Poskestren, Islamic Boarding School, Health Problem.

Abstract: Various health problems often occur in boarding schools. Health facility in islamic boarding school called

Poskestren is one of the community based health units that involve in the empowerment of Islamic boarding

school community members. Searching articles follows the PICO framework with population was health

problems in boarding schools, intervention was poskestren, comparison of boarding school does not have

poskestren, and the result of this research is knowledge, attitude, and behavior in facing health problems.

Journal article collected through several databases such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct,

Atlantis Press, Plos One and limited in 2011 until 2017. The inclusion are 1) health problems in Islamic

boarding school, 2) the intervention given by poskestren, 3) student in Islamic boarding school (santri)

experiencing health problems. Result showed that most of the research explaining that poskestren is one of

the health programs in boarding schools that are able to overcome health, able to improve the health of the

santri, and reduce the costs incurred for treatment. It can be conclude that poskestren can be used as a

guideline to improve the health of santri in boarding school, able to overcome health problems in Islamic

boarding school, and reduce expenses for medical treatment.

1 BACKGROUND

Islamic boarding school grows and flourishes serve

various needs of society, as Indonesian Islamic

cultural heritage (Ikhwanudin, 2013). Various health

problems occur in islamic boarding schools for

example: abdominal worms, diarrhea, toothache,

skin problems including scabies, malnutrition, upper

respiratory infections (ISPA) and head lice (Susanto,

et.al., 2016).

Karim et al, explained that hyperendemic

incidence of scabies in Bangladesh. Prevalence in

2003 as many as 98% of 492 children from 6 islamic

boarding school affected by scabies. This is due to

unclean conditions, lack of personal hygiene, no air

vents, borrowed clothes and towels. The prevalence

of reported scabies in India is 20.4% (Baur, 2013).

The prevalence of scabies in Indonesia is highest in

the Islamic boarding school cottage community

(Nanda et al., 2016).

According to Yusnita et al, 2015, cases related to

nutrition are also found in boarding schools such as

indigestion (gastritis, diarrhea), obesity, and

malnutrition. The application of balance nutrient in

Islamic boarding school is a challenge because of

the large number of “santri” and different needs.

Pediculosis capitis is also a common disease in

boarding schools. Pediculosis of capitis in students

in Thailand the prevalence from 12.26% to 29.76%

(W. Rassami and M. Soonwera, 2012). Prevalence

of pediculosis capitis in Malang Indonesia from

preliminary studies on 20 students who alternated

bedding suffered pediculosis capitis with 2 students

(10%) experienced a second infection of pus and dry

skin (Kristiawati et.al, 2017).

Poskestren is one of the community based

health units in which poskestren activities also

involve the empowerment of islamic boarding

school community members, so that people are able

to recognize the health problems faced, plan, and

make efforts to solve them. The general purpose of

the establishment of poskestren is the realization of a

Mab’ruroh, U., Sulistiawati, . and Indarwati, R.

Effectiveness Poskestren to Overcome Health Problems in Islamic Boarding School.

DOI: 10.5220/0008327705130515

In Proceedings of the 9th International Nursing Conference (INC 2018), pages 513-515

ISBN: 978-989-758-336-0

513

healthy islamic boarding school and care and

responsive to health problems in the area of islamic

boarding school (Kemenkes RI, 2013). This

research aims to explain the effectiveness poskestren

to overcoming health problems in islamic boarding

school.

2 METHODS

This review begins with searching for journal

articles with the PICO framework, with the study

population being health problems in Islamic

boarding schools, interventions conducted in

research are poskestren, comparison of boarding

school does not have poskestren and interventions

other have poskestren, and the result of this research

is knowledge improvement , attitude, and behavior,

in facing health problems in boarding school.

Keywords used are "Poskestren, boarding school,

health problems in boarding school, health problem

in Islamic boarding school". Journal article

submission is done through several databases such

as Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct, Atlantis

Press, Plos One and this search is limited to start in

2011 until 2017.

From the search results obtained 26 journals, and

selected 9 journals which meet inclusion and

exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria in this

systematic review are 1) health problems in boarding

school, 2) the intervention given by the poskestren,

3) the sample is the santri experiencing health

problems. From the selected journal then conducted

a review.

3 RESULTS

The result of the journal review on various health

problems that exist in boarding school include:

research conducted by Nanda M, 2016 about factors

that influence the occurrence of dermatitis that is

personal hygiene. The cleanliness of the towel and

the bed is a very influential factor on the incidence

of dermatitis in the Islamic boarding school.

The most common disease incidence in Islamic

boarding schools is scabies (25.5%). This is due to

the condition of personal hygiene of the less good

santri and environmental sanitation is not good

(Ardiansyah AA., 2017).

The result of research by Kristiawati, Setyowati

R, Rachmawati PD, 2017, shows that knowledge,

behavior, environment and health factors also have a

significant relationship in preventing Pediculosis

capitis in islamic boarding school. Health workers at

Islamic boarding school lodge are a very influential

factor in the prevention of Pediculosis Capitis.

Research conducted by Nanda FD, Murti B, and

Dharmawan R (2016) shows that knowledge, myths,

finances, are indirectly related to the incidence of

scabies. It is also supported by the lack of

maintaining personal hygiene in boarding schools.

Prevalence of scabies before intervention 61%

in the intervention group and 62% in the control

group. After intervention in the form of prevention

of scabies and health education. The program

demonstrates useful programs and cost effective

ways to control scabies in madrasah. After

intervention the incidence of scabies decreased in

the intervention group by 5% and 50% in the control

group (Talukder K et al., 2013).

The results of a study conducted by Susanto T,

et al. (2016) show that there is a significant

difference in the improvement of knowledge about

clean and healthy life behavior related to health

education. Health promotion programs in schools

provide a positive change in health and its

relationship to Islamic knowledge. The level of

education also affects the process of receiving

information in accordance with the development of

the child's age. Schools can develop health education

programs to increase students' knowledge of school

health.

4 DISCUSSION

Poskestren in facing health problems in Islamic

boarding school. Various health problems that often

occur in Islamic boarding schools are scabies,

dermatitis and pediculosis capitis. Many of these

factors affect the event. The most important factor in

increasing the occurrence of health problems is the

factor of personal hygiene or hygiene that is less

awake.

The result of research done by Kristiawati,

Setyowati R, Rachmawati PD (2017) indicate that

health officer at Islamic boarding school very

influence to prevention Pediculosis capitis in Islamic

boarding school. The student who receive

responsibility to run poskestren is usually called by

the health cadre who is part of the health post at the

boarding school (Poskestren).

Ministry of Health has issued about Guidelines

for Implementation and Development of Islamic

Boarding School Health Posts (Poskestren) and

INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research

514

suggest Poskestren to always live clean free from

disease (Kemenkes RI, 2013).

Poskestren is one form of community-based

health effort in boarding school environments, with

the principle of, by and for the boarding school

cottage residents who prioritize promotive,

preventive services without ignoring the curative

and rehabilitative aspects with the local Puskesmas

(Kemenkes, 2013).

Health volunteers perform their duties by visiting

each room to assess students who have health

problems, room hygiene observation including the

bathroom, remind the students to dry towels outside

and prohibit the use of towels in turn, maintain

personal hygiene, do sports together the santri every

Friday, do first aid in the accident, if santri there is

sick then taken to the nearest health service facility.

The research that supports the poskestren

conducted by Wahyudin U and Arifin H.S, (2015)

stated that the socialization of sanitation and the

environment through poskestren in the high

category, it means they more quickly receive health

information that was received by poskestren. They

are more inclined to change the habits that originally

did not behave clean and healthy to be living clean

and healthy.

The results of research conducted by Sanny,

2015, shows that the incidence of scabies in Islamic

boarding school who have poskestren 2.3% while in

pondok pesantren who have no poskestren of

40.45%. This shows that poskestren have a big

influence in overcoming of disease in boarding

school.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Most of the research reviewed explaining that

poskestren is one of the health program in islamic

boarding school which is able to overcome health

problems in boarding school, able to improve health

status, and reduce expenses for medical treatment.

Summary of research conducted by researcher

poskestren is a design that uses observasional or

intervention, in the form of disease enforcement

program, improvement of health degree and health

education either through Islamic boarding school

who have poskestren or who do not have poskestren.

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Ardiansyah AA., 2017. Keterkaitan antara sanitasi pondok

pesantren dengan kejadian penyakit yang dialami

santri di pondok pesantren sunan drajat, Medical

Technology and Public Health Journal (MTPH

Journal, vol.1 no.1.

Baur B., 2013. The pattern of dermatological disorder

among patients attending the skin O.P.D of a tertiary

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Rahman HE, et al., 2007. Socio-demographic

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