The Correlation of Motivation with Cadre’s Performance in the

Implementation of Posyandu

Mumpuni Dwiningtyas,Tesa Isnawati, Monika Sawitri Prihatini and Effy Kurniati

STIKES Pemkab Jombang

Keywords: Motivation, Cadre’s Performance, Posyandu.

Abstract: The lack of motivation Posyandu cadres is one of the factor which causes the lack of performance in

implementation of posyandu. This purpose of the study was to determine the correlation of motivation with

cadre’s performance in the implementation of Posyandu at Sumobito Jombang. The design of this study used

analytic correlation with Cross Sectional approach. The population of study was Posyandu cadres with total

respondents were 40 people, 40 samples were obtained by using total sampling technique. Independent

variable was motivation and dependent variable was cadre‘s performance in the implementation of Posyandu.

Data analysis technique used Spearman Rank test. The results of study showed that respondents had strong

motivation as many as 67.5% respondents, moderate motivation as many as 30% respondents, weak

motivation 2.5% respondent. Whereas respondents who had positive performance in the implementation of

Posyandu as many as 70% respondents, and the negative performance as many as 30% respondents. The

correlation between motivation variables with cadre’s performance r= 0.489 and p = 0.001. It means that there

was a correlation of motivation with cadre’s performance in the implementation of Posyandu. It was expected

that the profession of nursing could provide input for the profession in developing of nursing planning that

would be done the motivation with the Posyandu cadre’s performance in the implementation of Posyandu.

1 BACKGROUND

Every Posyandu cadre has a different attitude and

motivation in the implementation of Posyandu. This

condition affects the quality of Posyandu service.

According to (Widiastuti et al. 2006), cadre

motivation in performing Posyandu service is only on

the desire to fill the spare time. Some have a fairly

idealistic motivation for example to improve the

degree of public health in the environment.

The role of cadres is very important because the

cadres are responsible for the implementation of the

Posyandu program. If the cadre is not active then the

implementation of Posyandu will also become non-

current and consequently the nutritional status of

infant or toddler (Under Five Years) cannot be

detected early on clearly. This will directly affect the

success rate of Posyandu programs especially in

monitoring the growth of infants (Martinah in Vinella

2011).

According to (Ministry of Health RI 2011), the

development of Posyandu in Indonesia is very

encouraging in quantity, since every village there are

about 3-4 Posyandu. At the time the Posyandu was

announced, the number of Posyandu recorded as

many as 25,000 Posyandu and in 2009 increased to

266,827 Posyandu with a ratio of 3.55 Posyandu per

village. The amount is viewed from the aspect of

quality is still found many problems such as the

completeness of facilities and skills of the cadre is not

adequate. Based on health profile data of East Java

Provincial Health Office (2014), the number of

posyandu 45,603 Posyandu spread in 38 districts /

cities consisted of strata Pratama Posyandu 4.137

(9.07%), Madja 18,532 (40.64%), Purnama 21.843

(46.14%) and Mandiri 1,891 (4.15%). According

Sofiyati Sucahyani, the Chairman of Development

and Empowerment of Public Health Department of

Health.

East Java Province Ideally, every Posyandu has 4

cadres. In East Java province there are 226,829

Posyandu cadres. While, the active cadres in

Posyandu as many as 205,227. Based on the data

contained in the profile of the District Health Office

of Jombang (2016), there are 1,563 Posyandu, and

number of inactive were 332 Posyandu. One of the

areas in Jombang regency with the highest number of

Posyandu disabling rate in Sumobito Health Center

682

Dwiningtyas, M., Isnawati, T., Prihatini, M. and Kurniati, E.

The Correlation of Motivation with Cadre’s Performance in the Implementation of Posyandu.

DOI: 10.5220/0008330906820686

In Proceedings of the 9th International Nursing Conference (INC 2018), pages 682-686

ISBN: 978-989-758-336-0

area with the number of Posyandu disablement is 24

from 62 posyandu.

Based on data from health care center of Sumobito

was found that the health care center in 2016 has 147

cadres spread in 62 Posyandu with the number of

cadres inactivity of 24 people, which is in 11 villages

that one of the villages is Curah malang Village. It has

8 Posyandu with a number of 40 cadres.

Based on data from preliminary study conducted

on March 6, 2017 to 10 posyandu cadres in Talun

Kidul Village, Sumobito District, it was found that

there were 2 less participating members in every

posyandu activity. This was because they were busy

with their work.

Health Care Center as the spearhead of health

development has a mission to encourage community

independence in terms of healthy living through

community empowerment. The realization of

community empowerment efforts is the presence of

various forms of Community Based Health Efforts in

every work area of health care center. Community

Based Health Efforts that more real role and has been

able to develop in the community is Integrated

Service Post (Posyandu) (Departemen Kesehatan

2006).

The development and improvement of Posyandu

service quality is strongly influenced by the

participation of the community such as cadres. The

function of cadres to Posyandu is very big, that is

starting from posyandu pioneering stage, liaison with

institutions that support the Posyandu, as

implementation planning and as a coach and

facilitator to motivate people who participate in

Posyandu activities in their area (Departemen

Kesehatan 2006).

The performance of good cadres can be seen from

its role in running Posyandu starting from before,

during and after activity of Posyandu. Based on the

guidebook of Posyandu cadres, a cadre should have

sufficient knowledge. It is certainly necessary to

obtain accuracy in the measurement and to know the

existence of growth deviation, so that can be done as

early as possible to prevent the occurrence of

disruption in the process of growth and development

of children under five (Ministry of Health RI 2011).

A person's motivation according to Robbin

(2003), is influenced by many things among others

are the level of education and age of a person, the

higher of education level of a person is the higher

motivation to perform their work. The ability to

perform tasks is a key element in assessing a person's

performance, but tasks cannot be solved properly

without being supported by a will and motivation

(Nursalam 2015). Recognizing the importance of

cadre role in improving the quality of Posyandu, the

government has made efforts to improve the

performance of cadres, among others by generating

cadre motivation in Posyandu services.

2 METHODS

2.1 Study Design

The type of this study was correlation method with

cross sectional approach.

2.2 Study Population, Sampling,

Variables

Populations were 40 respondents while the sample

was taken for 40 respondents’ cadres Posyandu

children under five in the Village of Curah Malang

Sumobito Jombang. Independent variable was

Motivation and the dependent variable was

performance.

2.3 Measure and Data Analysis

The data collected by using questionnaire and

then analyzed by using Spearman Rank Correlation

with α=0.05.

3 RESULTS

The result showed that all (100%) of female

respondents were 40 respondents. Most (55%) of

respondents had high school education. Most (60%)

of respondents worked as private workers and Most

(52.5%) of respondents aged between 20-40 years. A

half (47%) were married and (77.5%) of respondents

earned Rp ≤ 2,082,730. Most of the respondents

(60%) had working period to become cadres’ ≤ 5 year

and (57.5%) had attended the training (table 1).

Most (67.5%) of respondents had strong

motivation and (70.0%) of the respondents had a

positive performance. Based on cross-tabulation of

motivation with cadre performance in Posyandu

implementation showed that almost all (85.2%) of

respondents had strong motivation with positive

performance.

The result of Spearman Rank correlation showed

that r=0.489 with p=0.001. It means that there was a

correlation between motivations with the

performance of cadres in the implementation of

Posyandu with the medium degree of correlation.

The Correlation of Motivation with Cadre’s Performance in the Implementation of Posyandu

683

4 DISCUSSION

Motivation is the desire that founded in an individual

that encouraged him to perform actions deeds,

actions, behavior or behavior (Notoatmodjo 2007).

Based on the results of study and theory could be seen

that the motivation was used because without any

encouragement from within the self and outside of the

individual person then a cadre person could not

perform the implementation, action and behavior to

achieve a goal of the implementation of Posyandu

activities. The situation occurred because there were

several factors that affect motivation such as age,

marital status of respondents.

Most aged 41-60 years had a strong motivation.

This happens because the holder of an important role

of the motivation as one of the internal factors,

internal factors was the motivation that come from

within the human self, usually arise from the

behaviour that meet the needs to be satisfied. Maturity

of age would affect the process of thinking and

decision making in conducting activities that support

his achievements (Sari N, 2014).

Based on the results of study and theory can be

seen that age was a factor that made respondents had

a strong motivation. With the motivation they were

more enthusiastic because their age was enough with

the physical condition in accordance with age both

physically and spiritually healthy then a person gets

encouragement, think better and mature in doing

activities effectively in carrying out activities

according to the implementation procedure that will

be done to achieve a goals by getting good results or

achievements on the individual or group.

Respondents who had married had a strong

motivation. This is because social support in the form

of emotional support from other family members,

friends, time and money are important factors in

compliance with the medical program (Niven 2002).

Most of respondents had a positive performance.

Performance is a description of the achievement of a

program of strategic planning and operational

activities of an individual or group of persons in an

organization both in quantity and quality, in

accordance with the authority and duties of

responsibility, legal and not violating the law, ethics

and moral. Performance itself is a description of the

vision, mission, goals and strategy of the organization

(Supriyanto & Wulandari 2007).

Based on the results of study and theory can be

seen that the performance of cadres can be influenced

by various factors. This situation can be seen that the

performance of cadres were positive, both in quantity

and quality in accordance with the authority and

responsibility, legal and do not violate the law is a

program of individual and group activities to achieve

a goal in the implementation of Posyandu.

Most of respondents aged 41-60 years had a

positive performance. It happens because a worker or

an employee in an organization or work institution

was influenced by many factors, both within the

employee itself and the environmental or

organizational factors of the work itself, one of them

(Notoatmodjo 2010). The age of the individual leads

to changes in physical and psychological aspects

related to mental development and individual mind-

Table 1: The demographic data of cadres.

Category f (%)

Gender :

Male

Female

100

Education :

Elementary

Junior High School

Senior High School

College

12.5

2.5

Occupation :

Civil servants

Entrepreneur

Private entrepreneur

retired civil servants

Unemployment

2.5

12.5

Age (years old)

20-40

41-60

≥60

52.5

Marital Status :

Unmarried

Married

Widow

Widowe

2.5

Income

Rp ≤ 2.082.730

Rp ≥ 2.082.730

77,5

10,0

12,5

Working Period of Cadre

≤ 5 tahun

≥ 5 tahun

60,0

40,0

Table 2. Distribution frequency of posyandu cadres

motivation.

Cate

f %

Stron

27 67.5

Mediu

12 30

Wea

1 2.5

Total 40 100

INC 2018 - The 9th International Nursing Conference: Nurses at The Forefront Transforming Care, Science and Research

684

set (Fitriyah & Makhfudli 2009). (Widiastuti et al.

2006), explained Posyandu cadres who were younger

age would be easier to invite mother toddler in doing

weighing under five years age difference from either

too old or same age.

Based on the results of study and theory can be

seen that the increase of age was going to happen a

physical changes or work patterns of a person to the

activity, so with the mind-set of a person when the

older or increasing age then the mind-set of

performance or activity would be less effective,

young people thus still have a physical and mind-set

that can be effectively controlled then to follow the

activities in the implementation Posyandu hence

easier and more effective according to the provisions

of the implementation.

Respondents who have high school education had

a positive performance. This occurred because

education could affect the behavior, lifestyle of

individuals, especially in motivation to participate in

health development efforts (Widiastuti et al. 2006).

Individuals with higher education were easier to

understand information and there was a tendency to

be concerned about health for the sake of improving

the quality of life (Fitriyah & Makhfudli 2009). Peer

education and under-five mother with age that is not

old able to build a positive norm in his group for

healthy living (Widiastuti et al. 2006). Higher

education will easily get the information so that more

knowledge owned (Widagdo et al. 2009). The study

by (Widiastuti et al. 2006) mentioned the knowledge

of cadres had a positive correlation to the utilization

of weighing toddlers in Posyandu. High school

education was high school and can be categorized

enough to receive insight.

Based on the results of study and theory could be

seen that the higher the education of a person affect

their performance. This was due to the knowledge or

ability to think properly, especially about the

importance of cadre performance in the

implementation of Posyandu maximally in

accordance with the desire or motivation they were

expected or achieved in implementing such an

activity.

Respondents who work as private workers with a

positive performance. This happens because Attitude

was defined as the tendency to act in the form of

individual closed response to the stimulus

(Notoatmodjo 2010). This attitude would guide

individual behavior (Sunaryo 2004). The cadres

should have free time. The condition was intended,

the type of work will affect the activeness of cadres

in Posyandu (Notoatmodjo 2005 in (Bangun 2012).

Based on the results of study with the theory can

be seen that attitude (attitude), work can affect the

implementation of Posyandu. This is because if the

respondent has the attitude or work that is so binding

as employees of the factory, employees of private

offices and so the respondents lack the free time to

follow the implementation of Posyandu due to limited

time and attitudes of them in the readiness to react to

the implementation of Posyandu activities. Married

respondents had married with a positive performance.

This happens because the marital status affects the

cadres carrying out the Posyandu activities because

there is family support. The cadres must share the

time, attention, energy provided to the community

and family. Nurhayati 1997 study in (Nilawati 2008),

states that unmarried cadres certainly do not have the

attachment and busyness of the household so there is

spare time to contribute in Posyandu (Pinem 2010).

Based on the results of study with the theory can

be known that marital status can affect the

performance of cadres. This was because if they got

support from their husbands or families in carrying

out an activity outside the family's interest without

any support then the activity can hinder due to lack of

motivation from self-obtained from family and

husband.

Respondents who had income Rp ≤ 2,082,730 had

a positive performance. This was because Efendi and

Cahyadi 2005 in (Lubis 2010), mentioned the

individual factors of income influencing the role of

posyandu cadres. Similar conditions are expressed in

(Nilawati 2008) research, which finds one of the traits

of active cadres who have income. Based on the

results of study and theory can be seen that someone

respondents who had income can be distinguished her

activeness because of the income effect more

participate in an activity due to wages or their work

as a supporter in the implementation of these

activities.

Respondents had a working period to become

cadres ≤ 5 years with a positive performance. This as

because the intensity of individual work had a

correlation with the skills of the task implementation

(Robbins, 1996 in (Bangun 2012). The basic of such

statements was the years of work expressed as work

experience, may form the basic of individual

productivity estimates because seniority in work

would be more focused (Robbins & Judge 2008). The

results of (Widagdo et al. 2009), explained the longer

of cadre, the more experience and knowledge so that

service to the visiting community becomes good and

quality. Based on the results of study and theory could

be known that the cadres were active or positive in the

implementation of Posyandu activities because

The Correlation of Motivation with Cadre’s Performance in the Implementation of Posyandu

685

gaining experience from seniors or cadres whose

working period is longer than them. This may result

in the performance of the cadres, without any learning

or experience they are less effective in implementing

the Posyandu.

Most respondents had a strong motivation with a

positive performance. The results of statistical tests

Spearman Rank showed there was a relationship

between motivation with the performance of cadres in

the implementation of Posyandu. The results were

also known level of relationship between the numbers

0,400 - 0,599 with the medium category. This is

because Motivation was the drive that caused the

individual to do business and work (WHO et al.

1999), (Syahmasa 2002) explained that cadre

motivation indicators consisting of incentives /

wages, recognition of individuals, group acceptance

had a significant relationship to the performance of

cadres in participating in improving nursing services

in Posyandu. Performance is effort (activity) plus

work result, (Supriyanto & Wulandari 2007).

Based on the results of study and theory could be

seen that of 23 respondents had a strong motivation

and had a positive performance. Motivation included

factors from the performance of cadres in the

implementation of Posyandu so that cadre

performance had positive outcomes in accordance

with existing procedures or rules. Without

motivation, the cadres could not perform well in the

implementation of Posyandu, because motivation was

an incentive to achieve a desire or a person's goals.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Most Posyandu cadres motivation had strong

motivation and positive performance. There was a

relationship of motivation with the performance of

cadres in the implementation of Posyandu.

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