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abdominal adiposity in children (Abril et al., 2013;
De Bourdeaudhuij et al., 2013 in Lee, S.T et al.,
2015). Strong et al., (2005) recommend physical
activity for children aged 5-18 years, that is to do
moderate to weigh physical activity at least 60
minutes every day. Hence, it is necessary to improve
the habits of physical activity in adolescents, by way
of routinely exercising every weekend with the
family. Physical activity in adolescents is significant
in creating healthy lifestyle that will continue to their
adulthood.
The National Physical Activity Guidelines in
Australia and the World Health Organization (WHO)
have recommended physical activity that can be
carried out for children and adolescents with ages
ranging from 5-17 years, including physical activity
at moderate intensity for 60 minutes every day
(basketball, soccer, swimming, weight lifting,
cycling, dancing, tennis, climbing stairs, etc.) as well
as physical activities that can strengthen muscles and
bones, at least 3 times a week (WHO, 2018).
Meanwhile, according to the Ministry of Health
(2018), the duration of physical activity carried out
regularly at least 30 minutes a day can nourish the
heart, lungs, and other body organs. The more time
used for physical activity, the more benefits obtained.
Further, physical carried out every day regularly
within 3 months will produce good results.
Therefore, children's awareness of physical
activity is influenced by the family and school
environment. Hence, physical activity needs to be
increased at home and at school, both in terms of
frequency and duration, especially by children who
are overweight and obese. Physical activity can be
done by exercising. Teenagers can do anykinds of
exercise according to their favor and the time they
have.
Similarly, teachers have authority over the
students’ activities at school, for example by giving
at least 1 lesson to exercise to increase students'
physical activity. Basically, it is very important for
individuals to maintain ideal body weight to optimize
their health status. Therefore, school-based
intervention is an alternative to overcome obesity in
children.
5 CONCLUSION
There is a relation between sedentary behavior and
over nutrition status in adolescents in junior high
school in Purwosari Surakarta Public Health Center
work area (p-value = 0.032). There is a relation
between physical activity and overweight status in
adolescents in junior high school in the area of
Purwosari Public Health Center, Surakarta City.
For teens, they are recommended to do more
activities outside the home, such as jogging and
jumping rope. And it is recommended to walk or ride
more often, especially in close quarters, rather than
using two-wheeled vehicles (motorcycles).
Teenagers should help parents more in doing
household chores rather than lingering in front of the
cellphone screen. And they should also make changes
related to sedentary behavior by limiting or setting a
time limit in doing activities, such as watching TV,
using a computer / laptop (surfing the internet) more
than 2 hours / day, as well as playing with cellphones,
etc. It should be carried out by particularly those who
are obese to further increase physical activity, both in
terms of frequency and duration. They should
perform physical activities at moderate intensity for
60 minutes every day (such as basketball, soccer,
swimming, lifting weights, cycling, dancing, tennis,
etc.), and do physical activities that can strengthen
their muscles and bones at least 3 times a week (such
as running or jogging, jumping rope, push-ups,
aerobics, lifting weights, martial arts, sports with
racquets, etc.). Besides, they can do any kind of sports
that they like and then adjust the activities to the time
they have.
At schools, primary prevention can be done by
conducting health promotion about healthy lifestyles
in adolescents and their parents. The school can work
with related parties, such as local health centers to
weigh and routinely measure the height of the
students every 6 months. This way, they can monitor
the growth and weight gain of students on a regular
basis through the School Health Unit program. The
school can provide education on the importance of
modification of physical activity as well as
encouraging the students to increase it.
For health centers, it is best to supervise the
School Health Unit in monitoring nutritional status
regularly. The next researchers can do further
research on other factors (such as knowledge, pocket
money, peer support, etc.) that relate to the incidence
of overweight and overweight and obesity status in
junior high school adolescents with more research
subjects.
REFERENCES
Almaeida, M. J., and Blair, S. N. (2002).Hand Book of
International and Food : Energy Assessment (Physical
Activity). edited by C. D. Bardanier. USA: CRC Press.
The Relation between Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity and Junior High School Adolescents Nutritional Status in Purwosari Health
Center Surakarta
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