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learning process of students, so teachers and
parents can know children development from time
to time. However, the success of a learning model
depends on teaching instruments used to support
the learning model. The instrument is something
that supports the implementation of learning,
therefore learning instruments must be in
accordance with the learning model. In portfolio-
based learning, learning instruments are needed
such as manuals used by teachers in implementing
learning, the role of students worksheets is used to
test children's abilities and its results can be used
as children's portfolios, and daily lesson plan are
used to support learning models in accordance with
activity portfolio based. Based on the explanation
above, the researcher wants to conduct research on
the development of portfolio-based learning
instruments in kindergarten.
2 RESEARCH METHOD
This research is research and development/R&D
method because researchers want to develop
portfolio-based learning instruments for early
childhood using the 4D development model
includes four stages of development namely
define, design, develop, and disseminate. It is
expected to get products in the form of teacher
guidebook, students worksheets, and daily lesson
plans for effective activities. It was conducted at
PAUD Terpadu Alkhairat Skep in Ternate City.
The subjects were students in group B academic
year 2018/2019, the reason is students were able to
recognize letters, were able to read the beginning,
were able to write and were able to understand the
teacher's explanation. This research was conducted
from September to October of the 2018/2019
school year. The instruments used in this study are:
(1) teacher questionnaire on portfolio learning
devices (2) learning implementation observation
sheet (3) validation results sheet.
Data has been collected using these instruments
will then be analyzed quantitatively to explain
validity and effectiveness and the practicality of
the learning devices developed. Data obtained
from the results of validation by experts were
analyzed to explain the validity of learning
devices. The results of the trial data, namely the
teacher questionnaire and student performance
value data are used for the effectiveness of the
learning learning device.
𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑦 =
𝐷
(𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 + 𝐷)
Analysis to calculate the percentage of the
number of teachers who responded to each category
listed on the teacher's response questionnaire using
the following formula:
Pr=
∑𝑅𝑠
∑𝑠
x 100%
Then determine the category of implementation of
each aspect or overall aspect of the implementation of
the learning device (Nurdin, 2007):
1.5 M 2.0 all implemented
0.5 M 1.5 partly implemented
0.0 M 0.5 not implemented
3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Portfolio-based learning is student-centered learning
that is very effective in teaching and learning. This is
in accordance with the constructivism theory
according to Yager (1992), the application of
constructivism means placing students in a central
position in the overall learning. To support portfolio-
based learning, supporting instruments such as daily
lesson plan do not include all portfolio and portfolio-
based learning scenario stages so that daily lesson
plan are needed, then improper portfolio compilation
and making portfolios are only a collection of
students assignments that only cognitive and motoric
development can be seen while in the portfolio all
that is included or all aspects of development are in,
that is why photos and videos are needed to find out
the extent of language development, gross motoric,
art and several other developments, in accordance
with previous research deal with portfolio-based
learning showed that portfolios contain work and
activities of children in learning process so that
teachers and parents can see child development, this
is in accordance with Herman's theory, Gearhart and
Ascbacher (1995) states that the use of portfolios in
learning has two functions, that are used as a form of
learning assessment as well as learning techniques.
Furthermore winter (1989) also emphasizes the
use of a good portfolio must contain a number of
learning experiences and should also be supported
by documentation. Therefore it takes preparation and
assessment handbook that summarizes how the
portfolio and preparation of portfolio as well as ways
to assess the portfolio. The process of developments
instruments done through some stages such as
define, design and develop and disseminate aims to
produce learning instrument in this case teacher
handbook, students worksheet, and daily teaching
Development of Portfolio based Learning Instrument for Early Childhood
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