Bioinformatics Supplement Material Lecture based on Research

Diversity of Local Durian (Durio Spp) in Jailolo using DNA Barcode

Matk Gen

Abdulrasyid Tolangara

, Joko Suratno

, Nuraini Sirajudin

, Sundari

Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Khairun University, Ternate, Indonesia

Mathematics Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Khairun University, Ternate,

Indonesia

Keywords: Supplement, Bioinformatics, Molecular Markers, MatK

Abstract: Research is based on development research diversity of local durian in Jailolo as a local resource for Durio

Spp. which grows on the West Halmahera Island (Jailolo). This study aims to build a breeding model of

local tropical fruit resources in North Maluku through superior genetic data-based selection and

development of material suplement Bioinformatic course. The matK DNA barcode application in this study

can be used as a study guide for local durian genetic diversity. The results of this study indicate that the

analysis of genetic diversity and relationship of local durian in Jailolo using matK molecular markers can be

used as a supplement to Bioinformatics course material for introduction of nucleotide databases and

phylogenetic tree construction. The results of expert validation showed that the supplement of

Bioinformatics-based lecture material on the research on local durian genetic diversity in Jailolo was

suitable for use with a validation value of 83.75%.

1 INTRODUCTION

Bioinformatics is conceptualising biology in terms

of molecules (in the sense of physical chemistry)

and applying "informatics techniques" (derived from

disciplines such as applied maths, computer science

and statistics) to understand and organise the

information associated with these molecules, on a

large scale. In short, bioinformatics is a

management information system for molecular

biology and has many practical applications

(Aprijani, et al, 2004).

This new study of Bioinformatics is inseparable

from the development of modern molecular biology

characterized by human ability to understand the

genome, namely the blueprint of genetic information

that determines the nature of every living thing

encoded in the form of a ribbon of DNA molecules

(deoxyribonucleic acid). The ability to understand

and manipulate the genetic code of DNA is strongly

supported by IT through hardware and software.

Bioinformatics, presenting data generated from the

genome project can be stored regularly in a short

time with a high degree of accuracy as well as

analyzed with programs made for specific purposes

(Witarto, 2003).

Bioinformatics is one of the elective courses that

supports cell and molecular biology courses.

Bioinformatics is a study of the techniques of

analyzing molecular data and predictions of the

potential of bioactive compounds in biological

research. So far there has been no minimalist model

of teaching materials and standard teaching

materials. The main applications of bioinformatics:

1) The database is a collection of information stored

on a computer systematically so that it can be

checked using a computer program to obtain

information from the database; 2) Sequence

alignment (sequence alignment) is the process of

arranging / arranging two or more sequences so that

the equations of these sequences appear real; 3)

Prediction of protein structure seeks to predict the

three-dimensional structure of proteins based on

their amino acid sequences (in other words, predict

tertiary structures and secondary structures based on

the primary structure of proteins).

In general, current prediction methods for protein

structure can be categorized into two groups, namely

comparative protein modeling methods and de novo

228

Tolangara, A., Suratno, J., Sirajudin, N. and Sundari, .

Bioinformatics Supplement Material Lecture based on Research Diversity of Local Durian (Durio Spp) in Jailolo using DNA Barcode Matk Gen.

DOI: 10.5220/0008899802280231

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Teaching and Learning (ICTL 2018), pages 228-231

ISBN: 978-989-758-439-8

modeling methods; 4) Expression of genes is a

process of translating genetic information (in the

form of alkaline sequences into DNA or RNA) into

proteins, and further phenotypes; 5) Phylogenetic is

a study that discusses kinship relationships between

various types of organisms through molecular and

morphological analysis (Hidayat & Pancoro, 2008;

Rahayu, 2007).

This study aims to develop supplementary lecture

material Bioinformatics in Biology education study

program based on research results of durian spp in

Jailolo using barcode and gene genes.

2 METHOD

This study is a development study of teaching

material supplements that uses the 4D model

proposed by Thiagarajan, et al. (1974) consisting of

define, design, develop, and disseminate. research

and development is carried out until the develop

stage, and the trial process for students is done

formatively because of the consideration of the time

and implementation of Bioiformatics courses in the

Biology study program FKIP Khairun University.

The define procedure consists of a preliminary

analysis (analysis of RPS documents and problems

with Bioinformatics learning, task analysis and

concepts, character analysis of students, and

objective analysis; the design stage is the initial

format preparation stage for teaching materials

based on analysis at define; the develop stage is the

testing phase of teaching book supplements to three

expert validators and the trial stage to students of

biology education study programs who have taken

Bioinformatics and Biotechnology courses.

Expert assessment consists of assessment of

material validator, assessment of media validator,

and assessment of language validator. The product

trial consisted of individual tests by 5 students. The

research instruments used included the validation

sheet of teaching materials by expert validators. The

data obtained consisted of qualitative data (advice

and input data from validators and respondents) and

quantitative data (scores from questionnaires). Data

were analyzed using descriptive statistics and

converted in percentage form. The calculation

results are matched to the product feasibility criteria

table to determine the feasibility of the textbook and

test decisions.

3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Result

The results of research and development in the form

of qualitative data and quantitative data. Qualitative

data in the form of advice and input from validators

and respondents, while quantitative data in the form

of score data from expert and student validation

instruments.

3.1.1 Data on Validation Results of

Bioinformatics Supplement of

Supplement Experts based on Durian

Spp in Jailolo using Barcode and Gene

Genes

The results of expert validation consist of three

people, namely two material experts, linguists and

one linguist can be seen in table 1 below:

Table 1: Results of Validation of supplement experts on

Bioinformatics teaching materials based on research on

durian spp in Jailolo using DNA barcode matk gen.

No.

Validator Value %

Criteria of

validity

1Sub

ect 1 83,23 vali

2Sub

ect 2 82,12 vali

3 Subject 3 84,33 vali

Based on Table 1 above, it can be seen that the

results of the validation of the development of

supplementary teaching materials for bioinformatics

subjects by three expert validators, are generally

valid based on the description of aspects of the

adequacy of supplementary, systematic and

language material. The average percentage of expert

validation on supplement Bioinformatics teaching

materials for material aspects and language is

83.75%.

3.1.2 Data of Expert Validator Comments

on Book Products

The data from the expert validator's comments on

supplementary bioinformatics teaching materials

based on research on local durian diversity in Jailolo

based on the sequence of DNA matK barcodes can

be seen in Table 2 below:

Bioinformatics Supplement Material Lecture based on Research Diversity of Local Durian (Durio Spp) in Jailolo using DNA Barcode Matk

Gen

229

Table 2: Comment of 3 expert validators regarding

product development.

No. Comment Information

V.P2 Adequate aspects of basic

database material are

sufficient, preferably a

project for students

accepted

V. P3 The basic writing

procedure should be

improved, the use of

letters should use the

times new Roman

standar

accepted

V.P1 The display of material in

this supplement form

module is communicative

and

accepted

Source: primary data processed.

Based on Table 2, it is known that in general the

expert validator provides a proper assessment for

this development product. A bioinformatics teaching

material supplement based on the diversity of Jailolo

local durian based on the matK DNA barcode is the

first product to develop a supplement for

bioinformatics teaching materials in Biology

education study programs.

3.1.3 Data on Validation of Supplement

Products for Bioinformatics

Teaching Materials based on

Research on Durian Spp in Jailolo

using the Barcode MatK Gene

The results of product validation consist of five

students, namely one student taking the

Bioinformatics course and 4 students taking the

Biotechnology course can be seen in table 3 below:

Table 3: Validation of supplement products for

Bioinformatics teaching materials based on research on

Durian Spp in Jailolo using DNA Barcode Matk

genes.

No. Validator Value (%) Criteria

Validit

1. Bioinformatic 85,25

valid

2. Biotechnology 85,10

valid

3. Biotechnology 85,30

valid

4. Biotechnology 82,28

valid

5. Biotechnolo

86,80 vali

Based on Table 3 above, it can be seen that the

results of the validation of the development of

supplementary teaching materials for bioinformatics

subjects by five students as product validators are

generally valid based on the description of

communicative language aspects (ease of

understanding), systematics and scope of teaching

material. The average percentage of validation for

supplement Bioinformatics teaching materials is

85.36%.

3.1.4 Data of Expert Validator Comments

on Book Products

Data from product validator comments on research-

based supplementary bioinformatics teaching

material supplementary genetic diversity of Jailolo

durian based on DNA sequence matK barcodes can

be seen in table 4 below.

Table 4: Comments on product validators.

No. Comments Notes

1 No comment -

2 Good material and eas

to know acce

3 Material is s

stematic acce

4 No comment -

5 No commet -

Source: 2018 primary data processed.

3.2 Discussion

Based on the results of data analysis, it can be seen

that the results of validation of both validation from

expert validators and product validators are known

that all validators provide feasibility assessment or

validation of book supplement products in the valid

category and are suitable for use as Bioinformatics

teaching materials. There are three principles needed

in developing teaching materials. The three

principles are relevance, consistency and

sufficiency. The principle of relevance means

linkages or close relationships. The principle of

consistency means ‘keataatazasan’ or the

consistency between teaching materials with basic

competencies that must be mastered by students.

The principle of sufficiency means that the material

taught should be sufficient enough to help students

master the basic competencies taught (Muclish,

2010). Textbooks can function as learning resources

for students and provisions for lecturers to prepare

learning. Based on the needs analysis, students

lacked bioinformatics' learning resources as new

subjects.

All references are written in the reference list at

the end of the chapter with the aim, students are able

to access the references used in the development of

ICTL 2018 - The 1st International Conference on Teaching and Learning

230

textbooks. In line with the opinion of Adalikwu, et

al. (2013) which states that teaching material acts as

a facilitator between educators and students and

develops students' motivation during learning

activities. Teaching materials are able to become

material to carry out learning for new educators.

Teaching materials can also be used to find out the

material to be taught and as a source of knowledge

that can be used for educators as a provision for

planning learning.

According to MacKay (1999), the format of

teaching materials equipped with images can support

process-oriented learning. Process-oriented learning

stimulates students to analyze and process

information. MacKay (1999) and Rotter (2006)

reveal that the images in teaching materials have a

positive effect on learning outcomes; and make it

easier for students to read and improve

understanding. Rotter (2006) describes four aspects

that must be considered to design an interesting

teaching material, namely contrast, layout, letter

arrangement, and image design. The four aspects

will determine the process of delivering messages in

teaching materials to students.

4 CONCLUSION

Development products in the form of supplementary

teaching materials for Bioinformatics courses based

on the results of validation have met the eligible

requirements for use in learning according to experts

and respondents (students). Suggestions needed

include utilization, further product development, and

product dissemination. Supplementary books on

teaching materials on Bioinformatics courses can be

used as a companion learning resource in addition to

the main sources used during the course of

Bioinformatics. To support laboratory activities,

further teaching materials for Cell Biology products

can be equipped with simple practical guidance

components. The materials for teaching

Bioinformatics subjects developed are tested only at

small scale formative test stages. To find out the

effectiveness of the product, a summative evaluation

in the real class is needed, through a quasi-

experimental or PTK method.

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McKay and Elspeth. 1999. An Investigation of Text-Based

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