Dividends are the distribution of profits given
by the issuing company for the profits generated
by the company. Dividends are given after
obtaining approval from shareholders in the
General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS).
Investors who are entitled to receive dividends
are investors who hold shares up to the time limit
determined by the company at the time of
dividend announcement. Generally dividends are
one of the attractions for shareholders with a
long-term orientation, for example institutional
investors, pension funds, and others. The
dividends distributed by the company can be in
the form of cash dividends and stock dividends.
Cash dividends are given to each shareholder in
the form of cash in certain rupiah amounts for
each share, while share dividends are given to
each shareholder in the form of shares so that the
number of shares held by an investor will
increase with the share dividend distribution.
2. Capital Gain
Capital Gain is the difference between the
purchase price and the selling price. Capital gain
is formed by the trading activity of shares in the
secondary market. Generally, investors with
short-term orientation pursue profits through
capital gains. The investor can buy shares in the
morning, then sell them again in the afternoon if
the stock increases.
Besides these two advantages, it is also
possible for shareholders to get bonus shares (if
any). Bonus shares are shares that are distributed
to shareholders taken from premium shares. The
stock premium is the difference between the
selling price and the nominal price at the time the
company makes a public offering on the primary
market.
In addition to getting profits, buying shares can also
risk as follows:
1. Not Receiving Dividend
The company will distribute dividends if its
operations make a profit. Therefore, companies
cannot distribute dividends if they suffer losses.
In other words, the potential profit of investors to
get dividends is determined by the performance
of the company.
2. Capital Loss
In stock trading activities, investors do not
always get capital gains or profits on the shares
they sell. There are times when investors must
sell shares at a price lower than the purchase
price. Thus, an investor experiences capital loss.
In buying and selling shares, sometimes to avoid
the potential for greater losses as the stock price
continues to decline, an investor is willing to sell
his shares at a low price. This term is known as
cut loss.
3. The company went bankrupt or liquidated
If a company goes bankrupt, of course it has
a direct impact on the company's shares. In
accordance with the rules for listing shares on the
Stock Exchange, if a company goes bankrupt or
liquidated, the shares of the company will
automatically be issued from foam or delisted. In
the condition that the company is liquidated, the
shareholders will be in a lower position than the
creditors or bondholders. This means that after
all the company's assets are sold, the proceeds of
the sale are first distributed to the creditors or
bondholders, and if there are still leftovers, then
distributed to the shareholders.
4. Shares are issued from the Exchange (delisting).
Another risk faced by investors is if the
company's shares are excluded from the listing of
the Stock Exchange or delisted. The company's
shares are delisted from the stock exchange
generally due to poor performance, for example
in a certain period of time they have never been
traded, suffered several years of losses, did not
distribute consecutive dividends for several
years, and various other conditions in accordance
with the Securities Listing Regulations at the
Exchange. Delisted shares are of course not
traded again on the exchange. Even though these
stocks can still be traded outside the stock
exchange, there is no clear price benchmark and
if sold usually at a price much lower than the
previous price.
5. The stock is suspended.
A stock suspended or terminated by the
Securities Exchange Authority causes investors
to be unable to sell their shares until the
suspension is revoked. The suspension usually
takes place in a short time, for example a trading
session, two trading sessions, but can also take
place within a period of several trading days.
This is done by the exchange authority if a share
experiences a tremendous surge in prices, a
company is bankrupt by its creditors, or various
other conditions that require the Exchange
Authority to temporarily stop trading the shares.
The trading of these shares will be resumed until
the relevant company provides confirmation or
other information clarity. Abnormal stock price
movements (caused by unclear information) are
not speculations for investors.
The stock price is very important to know in
advance by investors before deciding on a stock
investment. According to (Darmadji and Fakhrudin,
UNICEES 2018 - Unimed International Conference on Economics Education and Social Science
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