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show types or types with similarities, repetitions and
also differences in composition (Santoni 2014).
Typology studies are carried out to find out types in
different objects. While morphology is a study to
classify organic forms according to their types and
rules, so that the basic forms can be found and
understood (Setyabudi et al. 2012).
Bugis people know about cosmological
perceptions in their culture. There are three kinds of
classification of the Bugis cosmological perception,
the world level classification (the upper world, the
middle world, and the lower world), the
classification of the structure of traditional houses
(heads, bodies and houses), and the classification of
the four corners (north, south, west and east) (Yunus
2012).
The four corners represent as the architectural
elements in the facade elements of the Bugis
traditional house, such as the shape of the door, the
composition of the roof, windows, and ornaments
have their meaning in each component, namely: (a)
Doors or called Tange, the door is usually always
placed on an even number, (b) roof arrangement
(timpalaja) has meaning according to the number of
settings. The more the number of structures in the
timpalaja, the higher the social level, (c) Tellongeng
is a window, the placement is usually on the wall
between two pillars of the house, (d) Ornaments
generally have an archetype derived from natural
flora and fauna (Marwati & Qur’ani 2016) (Marwati
& Andriani 2017).
The traditional architecture of traditional Bugis
houses is still widely found in Bulukumba district.
With the existence of the traditional residence of the
Bugis tribe and it becomes experiencing significant
changes which will later lose its identity (Nurjannah
& Anisa 2010). As previously explained that the
existing problem is the absence of official rules
about cultural heritage and the current needs factors.
With the existence of this study aims to find the
essence as documentation of traditional Bugis
houses in Bulukumba from the facade of the
building which later can become a development in
archipelago architecture in the next research.
2 METHOD
The result recites the houses in a long the main
corridor of bulukumba regency into bantaeng
regency. The purpose of this research is giving a
more specific classification of the timpalaja house
which has one line from the typology and the
morphology that function as the references continue
this research. The research object specifically for the
homes with timpalaja which has one line with the
total 18 houses of bugis. Bulukumba is located at
division area between Bugis and Makassar. The
object divided to be two locations there is the row of
house in northern and southern.
Figure 1. The location of Bugis’ first strata house
This research uses qualitative, descriptive methods,
by explaining in the deductive form an overview of
existing problems on typology and morphology of
the traditional House of the Bugis Bulukumba
Regency mainly from the typology of the roof with
strata one. The type of data to be used in this study
based on the source, the data source of this research
comes from:
a. Primary Data (Primary Data) primary Data is
obtained through the collection of data on the
physical form of the photos on the site.
b. Secondary Data (Secondary Data) the
secondary Data is data which consists of data
collected through literature research was, and other
trusted sources.
Methods of data analysis that is used to express
the research findings in the form of qualitative data
analysis conducted mutually establish with the
process of collecting data to identify the range of
typology and morphology at the traditional House of
South Sulawesi. The observation is done taking into
account variable typology and morphology
(Hărmănescu & Enache 2016). Variable typology,
i.e. components that make up the shape of the facade
of the house: roof form, timpalaja, windows,
balconies, and stairs. Meanwhile, variable
morphology form identification form of the facade
of the House by looking at the changing shape of the
intensity.
Study of Typology and Morphology on Nusantara Architecture Principle of Bugis Traditional House in Bulukumba Indonesia
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