Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

Muhammad Ali Yusuf

, Endang Saefuddin Mubarok

and Muhammad Faisal Yunas

Jakarta Islamic University

Keywords: Education Management, Islamic Religion, and Digital Era

Abstract: Education Management is the function of educational organizations that consist of planning, organizing,

leading, controlling education personnel, and educational resources to achieve educational goals. Islam is a

religion that teaches everything well and perfect in it, among others, teach the problem of aqidah, law, and

morality. The digital era that utilizes network communications technology that is not limited by national

borders, so it is better to convey the concepts of Islam. The science and results of Islamic studies are very

good and effective using the internet or digital both in terms of intensity and from the point of view.

1 INTRODUCTION

Globalization of the work system also demands

the globalization of education so that educational

institutions need to jointly organize governance in

which the nodes are interconnected with one

another, and even the nodes are also related to the

nodes in the employment field. The nodes of each

minimal institution relate to the form of

communication and information sharing so that

mutual understanding and understanding can be

obtained. The hope is to obtain the provision and

equalization of fulfillment of needs between

institutions.

Furthermore, almost all communication activities

in this era utilize electronic media, especially

internet media, such as in marketing and education

activities. This means that internet or internet media

or other terms of the digital era cannot be avoided.

Network or internet as a medium, especially

communication and information technology, is now

recognized as the media that connects the two or

more parties to communicate or exchange

information remotely.

If an organization or educational institution

wants to decide to use internet media or say digital,

that is computer-based electrical signal technology

as a shift from conventional-style education

processes, the following issues are: a) human

resource readiness to operate internet or digital

media; b) the provision of internet or digital media

in accordance with the educational process settings;

c) the availability of higher education funds than the

conventional style; and d) Adding time to

communicate with students. The problem is how to

realize the four variables mentioned above in the

education process in the digital era.

In relation to Islamic higher education, the

management of education applied in general higher

education (based on philosophy) is no different.

Internet or digital media used are also no different.

The thing that is most likely to cause a difference is

the weight of the material. Material in general higher

education, the material contains more results of

studies and interpretations than basic knowledge,

while in Islamic higher education the weight is

greater on the basis of knowledge (al qur'an and al

hadith) and then followed by study and

interpretation. So, the problem in Islamic higher

education is how to realize the four variables

mentioned above in Islamic higher education

programs in the digital era.

2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The problem in Islamic higher education is how is

the implementation of Islamic higher education

management in the digital era.

2318

Yusuf, M., Mubarok, E. and Yunas, M.

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era.

DOI: 10.5220/0009942323182327

In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Recent Innovations (ICRI 2018), pages 2318-2327

ISBN: 978-989-758-458-9

3 LITERATURE

3.1 Understanding of Management

Some understanding of management written by

experts, including GR according to Terry that

"Management is a typical process, which consists of

actions: Planning, organizing, mobilizing, and

monitoring, which is done to determine and achieve

predetermined goals through resource utilization ".

According to Lester Robert Bittel "The most

comprehensive definition views management and

integrating process by which is authorized

individually create, maintain, and operate an

organization in the selection of accomplishments

that aim". According to De Cenzo & Robbin

"Management is the process of efficiently achieving

the objectives of the organization with and through

people". According to Sondang Palan Siagian

"Management is the whole process of collaboration

between two or more people based on certain

rationalities to achieve a predetermined goal".

According to The Liang Gie "management is the

whole process of organizing in every effort of a

group of people to achieve certain goals".According

to Boone & Kurtz "Management is the use of people

and other resources to accomplish objectives".

According to Leonard D. White, "Management is

the whole process, usually found in all groups, either

state, government or private, civil or military

businesses on a large scale or on a small scale".

According to Westra Pariata, management is a

whole series of organizing actions in every effort of

a group of human beings to achieve certain goals.

According to Mulyani A. Nurhadi "Management is

an activity or series of activities in the form of a

process of managing a cooperative business group of

people who are members of an educational

organization, to achieve educational goals that have

been set beforehand, to be effective and efficient".

Based on the management understanding cited, it

can be said that management is a whole series of

implementation actions in every cooperative effort

by planning, organizing, mobilizing, and supervising

through effective and efficient use of resources to

achieve predetermined goals.

3.2 Understanding of Education

According to Stella Van Petten Henderson that

"education is a combination of growth, self-

development and social heritage". According to

Carter V. Good that "education is the process of

developing individual skills in attitudes and social

behavior. The social process in which a person is

influenced by an organized environment, such as a

home or school, so as to achieve self-development

and social skills. According to Ahmad D. Marimba

"education is a conscious guidance or guidance by

educators on physical and spiritual development

educated towards the formation of the main

personality".According to Gunning and Kohnstamm

"education is a process of forming conscience. An

ethical formation and self determination in

accordance with conscience. According to Horne

that "education is a tool in which social groups

continue their existence in influencing themselves

and maintaining their idealism". According to Ki

Hajar Dewantara "Education is the demand in the

growing lives of children, as for the meaning,

education is guiding all the natural powers that exist

in these children, so that they as human beings and

as members of society can achieve safety and

happiness as high as possible" . According to John

Dewey "Education is the process of forming skills

that are fundamentally intellectual and emotional

towards nature and fellow human beings.

From a number of opinions about the meaning of

education cited, in this paper the notion of education

is defined as a process of coaching, coaching, and

development that is carried out consciously by

educators towards the educated in order to have

intellectual and emotional skills in behaving and

behaving.

3.3 Understanding of Educational

Management

According Engkoswara (2001: 2) "Management of

education is a science that learns how to organize

resources to achieve the goals that have been set

productively and how to create a good atmosphere

for people who participate in achieving mutually

agreed goals". According to Castetter. (1996: 198)

"Educational administration is a social process that

takes place within the context of social system".

According to H.A.R. Tilaar (2001: 4) "Management

of education is an activity that implements planning

or education plan". Here Tilaar emphasizes the need

for a plan and the plan must be clear and can be

implemented. Implicit in the meaning expressed by

Tilaar, that the plan should contain various units and

each unit has components that complement each

other. Each component requires handling and may

also be a different tool. The plan is also done or

implemented systematically following the proper

order of implementation. Likewise in the case of

education management, the educational plan that has

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

2319

been made and has been evaluated is likely to be

implemented both in terms of components and

planned tools used in the education process, as well

as in terms of the system of implementing the

education process, so that when implemented, there

is no doubt. Tilaar's opinion is reinforced by the

opinion of Soebagio Atmodiwirio (2003: 23) which

states in detail that management education can be

defined as a process of planning, organizing,

leading, controlling education personnel, educational

resources to achieve educational goals. The planning

process describes the steps in making an education

plan that starts from the existence of facts /

symptoms that invite questions for the observer and

are considered necessary for assessment. These facts

/ symptoms show a gap between what should be and

the reality. Based on the facts / symptoms, then the

possible factors that cause the reality achieved are

different from the standards or targets that should be

achieved by education management. Factors that

cause the gap between should be with the fact that it

is found and then analyzed to determine its status,

which is then sought to find solutions so that the

adverse effects of the causal factors can be

overcome or suppressed and not hamper education

management. Furthermore, a new set of plans are

devised which are considered useful to meet the

standards or targets of the education management

that has been set. After the new plan has been

established, organizing is then carried out. At this

stage, it is possible for the management of

educational institutions to develop the organization

to produce an effective management or management,

for example by adding existing units because of the

excessive volume of work, or streamlining the

organizational structure due to overlapping work or

one type work done more than one unit.In addition

to its organizational structure, its personnel can also

be reviewed, such as the presence of personnel

(education personnel) who are more efficient if they

are transferred to other units, and / or promotion, and

or the need to develop knowledge and skills.

Furthermore, after organizing is done, the leader

uses his role in leading personnel (teaching staff and

education personnel) so that they move and act in

accordance with their respective basic tasks and

functions (tupoksi). During the execution of the

main duties and functions of the personnel, the

leader also carries out the functions of monitoring,

controlling and monitoring. Monitoring is carried

out so that small symptoms that might occur can be

immediately addressed to prevent greater deviations.

Monitoring can be done using a time scale (such as

hours or days), and can also use a quantity scale (eg

number of class meetings). In addition to

monitoring, leaders also carry out control of

education personnel and education resources.

Control of education personnel is carried out so that

they function as the division of work tasks, and carry

out their duties as per the established operational

standard procedures, as well as the availability of

other educational resources so that the quality and

quantity are fulfilled. With the availability of all

components of education to drive educational

management functions as stated by Atmodiwirio, it

is hoped that education management can achieve

educational goals. In line with Atmodiwirio's

opinion, Stephen J. Knezeich expressed his opinion,

namely management education is a set of

organizational functions that have the main objective

to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of

educational services, as well as the implementation

of policies through planning, decision making,

leadership behavior, preparation of resource

allocation, stimulus and coordination of personnel,

and a conducive organizational climate, as well as

determining essential changes in facilities to meet

the needs of students and the community in the

future. The author defines Knezeich's opinion, that if

organizational functions are carried out as stated by

Atmodiwirio, then education management will

achieve a significant level of efficiency and remain

effective in carrying out educational services.

However, Knezeich tried to be more detailed in

planning by proposing policies through planning.Of

course we agree if an academic policy is made that

will underlie academic standards, quality manuals,

procedure manuals, and standard operating

procedures. Thus, the decision making of leaders of

educational institutions will always be within the

limits that are justified. To make consistent

decisions, leadership behaviors from leaders of

educational institutions must also be consistent and

clear.

One review of leadership behaviors that are applied

is leadership behaviors that are oriented to tasks and

leadership behaviors that are oriented towards

human relations (Gordon, 1990; Greenberg and

Baron, 1995; Kreitner and kinicki, 1992; Owens,

1991; Yulk, 1989; Hoy and Miskel, 1987). This

leadership orientation can be called the dimension of

leadership (laedership dimension). Task-oriented

behavior is leadership that is more attentive to leader

behavior, which leads to the preparation of work

plans, the determination of organizational patterns,

the existence of organizational channels,

communication channels, work methods and

procedures to achieve clear goals. Relationship-

ICRI 2018 - International Conference Recent Innovation

2320

oriented behavior among people is leadership that is

more concerned with the behavior of leaders that

lead to a relationship of friendship, mutual trust,

mutual respect, and full of warmth of the

relationship between leaders and staff (Herbert,

1981; Bernard, 1988; Etzioni, 1964; Cartwright and

zender, 1953; Hoy and Miskel, 1982).

From the above definitions, it can be concluded that

the definition of education management is the whole

management of educational organizations by

planning, organizing, mobilizing, and supervising

through effective and efficient use of resources in

the process of guiding, coaching, developing by

educators towards the educated in order to have

intellectual and emotional skills in behaving and

behaving.

3.4 Islamic Higher Education

In RI Law No. 12/2012 is said that Higher Education

is a level of education after secondary education

which includes diploma programs, undergraduate

programs, master programs, doctoral programs, and

professional programs, as well as specialist

programs, organized by universities based on

Indonesian culture. So, all levels of education after

completing secondary education as a prerequisite

and whatever the program is called higher education.

Furthermore, in Article 5, RI Law No. 12/2012

stated the goals of higher education, namely: a) The

development of the potential of students to become

people who believe and fear God Almighty and

noble, healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative,

independent, skilled, competent, and cultured for the

benefit of the nation ; The first and foremost aim of

Indonesian higher education is to produce people

who have faith and are devoted to God Almighty

and are of noble character. Believing means to

believe wholeheartedly in the Godhead, God

Almighty who is guided in words and actions, and

devotion can be interpreted as someone who has a

fear and love for God so that the person is willing

and tries to control himself to be consistent do all

His commandments and stay away from all His

prohibitions. And noble, means taking the guidance

in the Al-Quran and al-Hadist in behaving and

behaving, doing, being fair and caring. Then it is

followed that humans must be healthy, meaning that

physical and spiritual conditions are functioning

normally or should. Knowledge means a condition

that a person has knowledge, and skills in

accordance with what is needed. Capable means

having skills and ability to do something. Creative

means the ability to think in giving birth to ideas in

solving problems. Mandiri can be said to be able to

do something without relying on others. Competent

means the authority that someone has in making a

decision. And cultured means having a characteristic

of living together in a group. the development of

potential students is intended to be effective in

defending the interests of the nation. b) Generating

graduates who master the branches of Science and /

or Technology to fulfill national interests and

increase the competitiveness of the nation; In line

with the first goal of higher education above, that

every graduate and at any level of education is

expected to earnestly master the branches of science

and / or technology that he learns so that the learning

outcomes are optimally beneficial and maximally

advance the nation. Those who graduated at the

operator level really mastered the operator, those

who graduated at the analyst level really had

analytical skills, and those who graduated at the

expert level were also truly skilled at the level of

expertise, so that the graduates of education really

became real human resource capital for the nation. c)

The production of science and technology through

research that takes into account and applies the value

of Humanities so that it is beneficial to the progress

of the nation, as well as the progress of humanity's

civilization and welfare; The graduates of higher

education in addition to being able to apply the

science and technology that has been learned, are

also able to find and or develop science and

technology through research with appropriate

research methods. In order to be in line with the

curriculum and IQF, a curriculum-based roadmap is

first held and ends with the predetermined graduate

competencies. and d) The realization of community

service based on reasoning and research work that is

useful in advancing public welfare and educating the

life of the nation. That is, that the community service

activities carried out are planned, related, and

continuous between the agreed education

curriculum, and the focus of the research material,

with the community service program. Therefore, the

community service program must also be carried out

according to the pre-defined service roadmap.

Institutions that manage higher education are

required to carry out education, research and

community service activities in order to fulfill the

basic requirements to enter a healthy and superior

quality predicate of higher education institutions.

Furthermore, Islam is a teaching that includes the

creed / belief and Shari'a / law. The creed comes

from the word ‘aqd which means binding. Akidah is

knowledge in understanding matters relating to the

belief in Allah and the qualities of His perfection.

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

2321

The meaning of the faith in syara is as follows. That

is, faith in God, His angels, His books, His apostles,

and the final day, and to the good and the bad. This

is also called the pillar of faith. Syara (God's binding

regulation) is an absolute foundation of faith for

Muslims. Therefore, the syara law should be

explored, studied, and examined which products or

results are disseminated in order to obtain

unquestioned truth in Islamic knowledge both in

terms of concept and implementation. The results of

the disseminated study or research led Muslims to

agree to declare that Islam is a perfect teaching, both

in terms of the aqeedah and the shari'a it teaches:

1. Islam orders to Allah Allah Ta'ala and

forbids kesyirikan.

2. Islam commands to do honesty and forbid

lies.

3. Islam commands to do justice and prohibit

persecution.

4. Islam orders to fulfill the mandate and

prohibit treason.

5. Islam commands to keep promises and

prohibit breach of promises.

6. Islam commands worship of both parents

and forbids their ungodly acts.

7. Islam orders to establish friendship (broken

relationships) with relatives and Islam

forbids the act of breaking friendship.

8. Islam commands good relations with

neighbors and prohibits bad behavior from

them.

Based on the description above, we obtain

knowledge about the Purpose of Studying Islamic

Akidah:

1. To know the right instructions for life and

to be able to distinguish between what is

right and what is wrong so that life is to

seek the pleasure of Allah SWT.

2. To avoid the influence of misguided life or

away from the right instructions of life.

3. Can increase worship to God

4. Can cleanse mind and mind for peace of

mind

5. Can follow the apostles regarding their

purpose and deeds.

6. Can do good deeds solely because of

ALLAH SWT

7. Can be sincere and always uphold his

religion and strengthen the pillar of

resistance.

8. Expect the happiness of the world and the

hereafter.

Furthermore, Shari'a means the law established by

Allah SWT. through His messengers for His

servants so that they obey the law on the basis of

faith, both those relating to the aqidah amaliyah

(worship and muamalah) and those relating to the

next ahlak seen in terms of shari'a law are the basic

legal norms set by Allah SWT . which must be

followed by Muslims based on faith and morals,

both in relation to God and fellow human beings and

things in society. Adhering to the Shari'a or the law

is not caused by fear such as fear of sanctions from

violations committed, but rather more deeply and

deeply rooted that by obeying the law will provide

inner calm and happiness, because the creation of an

orderly and balanced system.

Ahmad Tafsir, he said that with the existence of

Islamic religious education, it is expected that

people will know about the religion of Islam and

also the teachings contained in it. In addition, he also

said that Islamic religious education expects people

who already know about their teachings to practice it

and also practice it in their daily lives because the

teachings in Islam are good teachings for all

humans. Management of Islamic Higher Education

based on the Koran and Hadith. This basis is a

differentiator from other management, management

outside the institution of Islamic Education is only

based on the thinking of the management leaders

and the ideology of the country where the institution

is located. While Islamic Education management is

not related to state ideology. The irrelevance of

Islamic education management with state ideology

because basically the management of Islamic

Education does not have a direct connection, the

management of Islamic Education merges with the

values of the teachings of Islam itself. Thus the basis

of the management of Islamic Education will never

mix with other management ideologies, because of

the spirit of Islamic Education management based on

the Koran and the Hadith of the Prophet

Muhammad. On the other hand, the management of

Islamic Education prioritizes mutually beneficial

cooperation to achieve common goals, because

cooperation is based on the values of goodness

which is barometer of Allah's pleasure, the end of all

the goals of cooperation is the value of piety in the

sight of Allah. Management of Islamic higher

education in the digital era means managing Islamic

higher education by carrying out organizational

functions consisting of planning, organizing,

leading, controlling education personnel, and

educational resources to achieve educational goals

by utilizing digital or internet. The material shown

was the tri darma of higher education which

consisted of education, research, and community

service.

ICRI 2018 - International Conference Recent Innovation

2322

Elements of education consist of:

1. Competency of graduates. Graduates'

competencies are the final goals to be achieved by

educational institutions that are illustrated in a

concise and concise manner in the vision of each

institution including the vision of each study

program below.

2. Content of learning. Learning contents are

teaching materials that are arranged vertically or

horizontally and form nodes that are interconnected

with each other so as to provide knowledge, attitudes

and skills that focus on certain branches of science.

This learning content can be seen in the curriculum

set of a particular study program.

3. Learning process. The learning process is an

interaction between students and the instructor in an

instructional activity that can take the form of

interaction between the learner and teaching

material, or the instructor with the instructor, or

between the students studying in the study group

either directly or using the media. In higher

education, this learning process is controlled and

directed towards teaching materials that lead to

certain learning achievements and now this is called

graduate competence as well as the curriculum scope

of a study program.

4. Assessment of learning. Learning assessment can

be said as the determination of the level of success

and the determination of the achievement of good

quality of the learning process carried out as well as

the mastery of the content of learning by students.

Assessment of learning is done, of course, pay

attention to what is to be measured from the

assessment so that the assessment involves

appropriate measurement tools and with the

appropriate assessment systems and methods.

Therefore, also, the use of tools, and assessment

methods are adjusted to the teaching materials and

the purpose of learning the teaching materials.

5. Lecturers and education personnel. Lecturers are

expected to be effectively competent in providing

tutorials and guiding students towards the

achievement of the goals taught in the teaching

materials they have taught. Means the lecturer must

master the learning method both in lectures,

seminars, research, practical work, and laboratory

work, in addition to mastering the teaching materials

taught. Meanwhile, education staff must master their

duties and work, including being able to operate the

system and work equipment used.

6. Learning facilities and infrastructure. Learning

facilities are all supporting tools which are often

called learning facilities needed during the learning

process with the aim that these tools enhance the

smoothness, regularity, and effectiveness towards

the achievement of learning goals. Furthermore,

learning infrastructure is that all investments

invested can be in the form of land, buildings, and

access that is directly or indirectly intentionally

planted to support the smooth learning process

towards the achievement of learning objectives.

7. Management of learning. Learning management is

an overall setting consisting of planning, organizing,

motivating, controlling in managing and utilizing

human resources, facilities and infrastructure of a

learning environment to achieve learning objectives.

8. Financing learning. Learning financing is the

provision of funds to support planned learning

activities. The source of financing can be obtained

from student fees and can also be from other sources

such as: scholarship grants, research, foundation

businesses that supervise higher education

institutions, cooperation, and others that are not

binding.

The elements of the study consist of:

1. Research results. The results of the research are

the conclusions obtained after the correct analysis

and in accordance with the right research method.

The conclusion of the research will be more

meaningful if it is refined with implementative

suggestions.

2. Fill in the research. The content of the research is

the written text or information which is the findings

in the field and then processed and produces

conclusions and recommendations or suggestions.

The suggestions usually contain to whom the

suggestion is intended; the contents of the

suggestion can be suggestions for improvement, or

suggestions for development, or suggestions for

replacement, and others.

3. Research process. Starting from the discovery of

phenomena which then carried out observations

about the causal factors and the solutions were made

which were outlined in a systematic research

proposal by following the research with scientific

methods based on the type of research to be chosen.

4. Research assessment. The assessment of the

research was carried out in the process and the

results were integrated between the motives of

educating in order to increase enthusiasm for

conducting research, in an objective way without

being interfered with by personal views, and

accountable which means based on input and

process the results of research can be accounted for

by research, and transparent that can be seen by

other parties.

5. Researcher. Researchers have the competence in

the form of in-depth knowledge in the field of

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

2323

science being studied, and master the research

method that will be used well.

6. Research facilities and infrastructure. That is all

the equipment needed and used to facilitate the

implementation of research. 7. Management.

Utilization of all research equipment in a manner

appropriate to its designation to process research

effectively and efficiently.

8. Funding and research funding. Provision of funds

to finance research activities that have been mutually

agreed upon.

Elements of community service consist of:

1. Results of community service. That is the

development of community performance by

applying science and or technology in order to

realize the purpose of community service.

2. The content of community service, which is

material material implemented in community service

activities including its breadth and depth so that it

can meet the needs of the community in their

activities.

3. The community service process, namely the

implementation of services and the application of

science and or technology to a particular community

as a form of assistance to improve their skills to be

more powerful than before.

4. Assessment of community service, namely the

assessment of the process and the results achieved

include the motive of educating in order to increase

the enthusiasm of the effort, in an objective,

accountable, and transparent way that can be seen by

other parties. 5. Implementing community service,

namely the ability to carry out based on academic

qualifications and the authority obtained to carry out

community service activities.

6. Facilities and infrastructure for community

service, namely all the supporting tools that are often

called community service facilities needed during

the community service process are carried out with

the intention that these facilities enhance the

smoothness, regularity, and effectiveness towards

the achievement of community service goals.

Furthermore, learning infrastructure is that all

investment invested can be in the form of land,

buildings, and access that is directly or indirectly

intentionally planted to support the smooth process

of achieving the goals of community service.

7. Management of community services, namely the

utilization of all the tools for implementing

community services in a manner that is appropriate

to its designation to process implementation

effectively and efficiently.

8. Funding and financing of community services,

namely the provision of funds to finance community

service activities that have been mutually agreed

upon.

3.5 Islam

Prophet Muhammad answered Umar's question,

what is Islam, and he answered that Islam is "that

you acknowledge that there is no God but Allah and

that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, and you

establish prayers, and give charity, fasting in the

month of Ramadan, and you do the Hajj at the

House if you are able to do it ". Umar bin Khatab

explained Islam as a religion revealed by Allah

SWT. to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. In Islam

there are three things: Akidah, Shari'a and Morals.

Aqidah according to Shaykh Mahmoud Syaltout is a

theoretical aspect that is demanded first and

foremost of all things to be believed with a faith

which should not be interfered with by the opinion

and not influenced by doubt. Sheikh Hasan Al-

Bannah declared aqidah as something that should be

the heart to justify it so that it becomes the calm of

the soul, which makes trust clear of indecision and

doubt. According to Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazairy:

"Aqeedah is a number of truths that are generally

accepted by humans based on reason, revelation and

nature. Truth is defined by humans in the heart and

is believed to be valid and its existence is certain and

rejected everything that is contrary to the truth that.

The conclusion of the understanding of the aqidah is

to believe in or be as sure as possible and embedded

in the heart about something that can be generally

accepted by reason, revelation, and nature and

without being contaminated with anything.

Shari'a (Islam) is a law and rule (Islam) that governs

the whole life of Muslims. In addition to containing

laws and rules, Shari'a (Islam) also contains

solutions to all life's problems. So by some

adherents of Islam, Shari'a (Islam) is a

comprehensive and perfect guide to all the problems

of human life and world life. Shari'a is all the rules

that have been determined by Allah Almighty, or the

rules that have been legalized by the Messenger of

Allah who deals with the issue of Aqeedah, legal

issues both halal illegitimate, conditions or pillars

etc. which govern human relations with His creator

or fellow Man. In the life of the present era where

many means of life are found and developed by

humans. In order not to conflict with the Shari'a, the

means of life must be assessed about the possibility

of being used or practiced by looking at the

substance it contains, the procurement process, and

the benefits of the services obtained from the

facility.

ICRI 2018 - International Conference Recent Innovation

2324

According to Ibn Maskawaih, morality is "the matter

of linnafsi daa'iyatun lahaa ila af'aaliha min ghoiri

fikrin walaa ruwiyatin" which is a nature embedded

in a person's soul that encourages him to do deeds

without needing thought and consideration.

According to Muhammad bin Ali Asy Syariif Al

Jurjani Akhlak is something that is (good or bad)

firmly embedded in human beings from which are

born actions easily and lightly without thinking and

pondering. That morality is software that has been

embedded in the soul that reflexively influences the

behavior or actions carried out by someone without

first doing the process of thinking and consideration.

So, Islam is a religion that teaches everything well

and perfectly in which among others teaches the

issue of aqidah, sharia, and morals. Islamic

teachings are based on the Qur'an and Hadith which

cover the whole universe (mortal nature) and eternal

nature (ba'da qiamat).

3.6 Digital Era

The digital era is a term used in the emergence of

digital, internet networks, especially computer

information technology. The new era of the Digital

Age is often used to describe digital technology. A

digital era that utilizes an unlimited network of

communication technologies with national borders,

so it is very good to convey the concepts of Islamic

religion. The science and results of Islamic studies

are very good and effective using the internet or

digital both in terms of intensity and from the point

of view. J.A Barnes a Professor who first introduced

the term social networking, namely in 1954.

3.7 Popular Social Networking Sites

There are hundreds of sites that are social

networking sites in the world. Some of the most

popular social networking sites are:

1. Facebook. Founded in 2004 by Mark

Zuckerberg. Facebook continues to grow

and is now number 1 in the world.

2. Twitter, which is currently the largest

microblogging site. Users can send short

messages to each other. However, the

message column provided is only 160

characters including the writing of 20

characters.

3. YouTube, a social networking site

specifically for members to share videos. its

members are possible to upload (upload)

videos to share, so that it can be seen by

many members or people.

4. Google Plus + the same social networking

site with Facebook. Members are allowed

to share status, videos, photos and more.

This social networking site is classified as

very many users.

5. Tumblr founded by David Carp is one of

the popular microblogging sites, and is now

owned by Yahoo !. Its members are

allowed to share messages in the form of

writing or other multimedia messages.

4 METHODS OF ANALYSIS

In carrying out the analysis, the method that will be

used is descriptive analysis method.

Management of Islamic Higher Education in the

Digital Era. A country's Education Policy should be

directed to produce knowledge competencies, skills

needed to sustain the country's development policies.

Therefore, education policies, especially higher

education and development policies, should be as

close and inherent. Regardless of which policy first

came into existence, whether higher education

policy or national development policy, is not a

fundamental problem. When the national

development policy is decided first, the higher

education policy should be adjusted so that the

curriculum, instructional methods, and competencies

of the teaching staff are set up so that appropriate

synchronization is obtained. This means that higher

education policies and their implementation should

be modified and or developed. Means also the

supporting supporters such as educational facilities

and facilities are also modified and developed.

When the first decision is to change the policy of

higher education, the strategy and operationalization

of development that needs to be adjusted to the

policy of higher education. It is emphasized here,

that what is adjusted is the strategy and

operationalization of development, not the

development policy. The question is: why can higher

education policies change while development

policies don't change? Many reasons for answers can

be put forward. But if abbreviated as the answer:

that is to achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of

development. Here the world of higher education

finds a new concept or formula or method that is

effectively more appropriate and may also be easier

to use compared to the concept or formula or method

being used. Or from an efficiency standpoint, that a

new concept or formula or method is more

economical or more productive or better quality

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

2325

results achieved when compared to the concept or

formula or method being used. The phenomenon of

higher education policy compared to development

policy indicates that higher education is in the

position of the agent of change.

To become a fast and broad agent of change, it is

suggested that higher education management use

networks. Networks are nodes that form specific

relationships with each other that are used by

organizations or institutions of higher education,

especially Islamic higher education institutions.

Social networks are now widely used by Internet

users with types of services that have different

characteristics from each other. Generally, these

social networks provide services such as e-mail,

chat, discussion rooms, sharing videos and pictures,

blogs, sharing messages, and others.

The elements that can be accessed in the network are

the description of the management process, the

education indicators that are managed. These

indicators concern matters within the scope of

education management, which include:

1. Curriculum management. The curriculum that has

been decided after going through the planning

process (analysis and discussion of its suitability

with the vision, mission, and stated goals) by

involving stakeholders, is socialized through social

networks (internet) so that the audience can read it.

The audience will assess the curriculum content, for

example the subjects included in the curriculum

whether it flows logically from course one to the

next subject, whether the subjects complement each

other, and whether in the end after becoming a

scholar of Islamic religious awareness is getting

stronger. The curriculum is like a product offered to

consumers, so the mix of courses must be beneficial

and quality in sustaining the life of graduates.

Therefore, after the curriculum is planned and

implemented, the next step is to supervise the

implementation and then evaluate it after all is done.

The results of the monitoring report and also the

results of the evaluation carried out will be the

material for reviewing the curriculum, in the hope

that the curriculum produced by the review will be

in line with the educational needs of the time. To

inform stakeholders widely about the curriculum, the

role of digital (internet media) is considered very

important.

2. Management of education (employment). Human

resources, both as lecturers and as education staff,

are expected to function as their respective positions

and positions. In order to obtain human resources in

accordance with the needs of the organization

(institution), it is necessary to open recruitment and

selection. The current recruitment and selection

media are using digital (internet). because the

process is very fast and has a very wide range that

allows organizations to obtain human resources in

accordance with established criteria.

For existing human resources, digital (internet) is

also very useful to add value to them. Lecturers and

education personnel can use digital (internet) to

access the latest information about things that

support the implementation of their duties.

3. Management of students. Management of students

(students) is usually done manually. But with the

internet, students data in data using digital (internet),

such as payment of tuition fees, taking courses, and

other information related to student affairs.

4. Management of educational facilities and

infrastructure. Perhaps the influence of the internet

on facilities and infrastructure is not too large.

However, by displaying facilities and infrastructure

on the internet, stakeholders will assess the

reliability and quality of a higher education

institution. It is realized, that many assess a higher

education institution for the availability of internet

media and the facilities and infrastructure it has.

5. Financial management / education financing. Now

the process of financial transactions is shifting from

taking payment forms to campus then going to the

bank to pay tuition. Now with digital (internet

media), a student can make tuition payments through

an ATM, then send news of his payment using

digital, for example twitter, Facebook, e-mail, and

others.

6. Office management / administration. Whereas the

previous administrative process could only be done

face to face directly in the room of the official or

officer. Now, part of the administrative process can

be done remotely with digital assistance (internet).

besides the cost is cheaper, the speed is very reliable.

7. Management of educational support units. Cross-

unit coordination can be facilitated by using digital.

This means that there is no need to bring the printed

data, just open the link so that the required data can

be obtained.

8. Education-specific service management. Some

services can be overcome using digital (internet),

including special services, such as academic

coaching, discussions about academic progress,

counseling, thesis guidance, and others.

9. Management of environmental management and

school security. In relation to environmental and

security arrangements, digital is still rarely used. But

those who have used it have taken advantage, such

as remote monitoring or monitoring so that early

ICRI 2018 - International Conference Recent Innovation

2326

prevention can be done before something harmful

happens.

10. Managing relationships with the community.

The use of digital (internet) in relation to community

relations has been widely carried out. Many

universities use it to convey information to

stakeholders, such as seminar information, new

student admissions, lecture schedules, curriculum,

invitations, other activities.

Actually, both public higher education and Islamic

higher education have no difference in utilizing

digital (internet media) to support the management

they carry out. The components of education

management that are shown are also relatively the

same. The difference that might occur lies in the

special material that is displayed because it is a

characteristic of each. And it was also realized that

often Islamic higher education institutions were late

in making policies related to the use of new things

including digital use (internet media). hopefully in

the future, the management of Islamic higher

education not only becomes a follower in digital

utilization, but becomes an agent of change in digital

utilization. The management of Islamic higher

education must be aware that now is the digital era.

5 CONCLUSION

Islamic Higher Education must be managed using

modern management which consists of planning,

organizing, leading, and controlling in carrying out

quality education services by utilizing digital

technology in managing it to be in line with ongoing

developments in stakeholders. All education

indicators can be managed using digital, and

assessed that the management process will be more

effective and efficient when using digital. In

addition, it is expected that the management of

Islamic higher education does not always become a

follower, but becomes an agent of change in digital

utilization.

REFERENCES

Ahmad D. Marimba, Introduction to Islamic Education,

(Bandung: PT. Al-Ma'arif, Th), 1st print.

Bacal, Robert. 2001. Performance Management. Kejurya

Darma and Yanuar Irawan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia

Pustaka Utama.

H. Haadari Nawawi. Education administration. (Jakarta:

CV Haji Masagung, 1989)

Zahara Idris, Basics Kependidika, (Bandung: Space. T.th).

Prof. Dr. H. Ramayulis, Islamic Education. (Jakarta;

Kalam Mulia, 4th Cet 2004).

Sutari Imam Bernadib, Introduction to Educational

Sciences, (Yogyakarta: Foundation for Publishers of

FIP IKIP), Cet. 10th.

Sudirman.et. al. Education Science. (Bandung: PT.

Rosdakarya, 1991). 5th print.

Madyo Ekosusilo. R.B, Kasihadi. Fundamentals of

Education, (Semarang: Effhar Publising. 1990), 1st

print.

Understanding-Management-Education-According-The-

Expert, http://www.dosenpendidikan.com/18-

pengertian-manmanagement-pendidikan-menurut-

para-ahli-terlengkap/, (online), accessed on 3-5-2018

Dedi Rainer,

http://www.spengahaman.com/2017/06/pengertian-

management-pendidikan-menurut-para-ahli-

lengkap.html, (online), accessed on 3-5-2018

Soetopo, H. 2010 in Nenglyla. Educational Leadership.

Malang: Faculty of Education

https://nenglyla.wordpress.com/2013/08/01/perakuan-

kepemimpinan/, (online), accessed 22-5-2018

Adzikra Ibrahim, https://pahamiandefinisi.com/pengertian-

pendidikan-agama-islam/, (online), accessed on 3-5-

2018

Rizki Rahma Dewi,

https://blog.uad.ac.id/rizki1600001183/tag/definisi-

era-digital/, (online), accessed on 30-5-2018

Sudarman Danim, New Vision of Management, From the

Bureaucracy Unit to Academic Institutions, Jakarta:

Bumi Aksara, 2006.

Jones, Gareth R., et. al, Contemporary Management,

Second Edition, United States of America: The

MCGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000.

Higher Education Management of Islam in the Digital Era

2327