The Behavior of Batak Tribe in TB Control in TB Village

Bandar Manis Village Pematang Bandar Health Center

Alam Bakti Keloko, Lina Tarigan and Sorimuda Sarumpaet

Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

Keywords: Behavior, Batak Tribe, TB Control.

Abstract: Sumatera Utara is an endemic area of pulmonary TB. The prevalence of pulmonary TB in 2017 is 111,977.

Moreover, deaths caused by TB are 5,847. In August 2018. Bandar Manis Village was inaugurated by

Pematang Bandar Health Center as a TB village, due to several TB patients there. The health center's

innovation program is GEROBAK TIKA (Gerakan Batuk Etis) which aims to terminate TB in the villages.

The Bb genotype is more at risk of developing pulmonary TB than the bb genotype. Most Batak tribes have

Bb genotypes. Research on TB cough control behavior in TB Village, Bandar Manis Village, Pematang

Bandar Health Center. This research is a case-control. The population is all of the pulmonary TB patients, as

the controlling is conducted by the people who do not suffer from pulmonary TB. The data collection is

carried out by interviews using questionnaires. The data analysis is performed by univariate and chi-square

test. According to the result, high knowledge on the case is 58.1% and on control is 44.2%. Low knowledge

is 41.9% on case and 55.8% on control. The good attitude on the case is 58.1% and on control is 44.2%, while

the poor attitude on the case is 41.9% and on control is 55.8%. Poor action on cases is 41.9% and on control

is 37.2%, while good action on case is 58.1% and on control is 62.8%. The chi-square result show there is no

relationship between behavior and prevention of pulmonary TB.

1 INTRODUCTION

Pulmonary TB is the 2nd largest infectious disease in

Indonesia. Sumatera Utara is an endemic area of

pulmonary TB, the estimated TB burden of 2017 is

TB prevalence of 111,977 with a rate of 794/1000, TB

incidence of 73,488 with a rate of 515 / 100,000,

death from TB of 5,847 at a rate of 41/100,000

(Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara,

2018). On August 10, 2018, Bandar Manis Village,

Pematang Bandar Sub-district is inaugurated by

Pematang Bandar Health Center as a TB Village due

to the number of TB patients in this village.

According to the report of the Head of the Pematang

Bandar Health Center in this village, 40 people are

suffering from pulmonary TB and at the time of the

accreditation of the health center, the innovation

program is TB with GEROBAK TIKA (Gerakan

Batuk Beretika) which aims to create the village TB

free.

The population of Bandar Manis Village mostly

comes from Batak tribe. The result of a research by

Sinaga (2014) shows that there is an influence of

genotype with the susceptibility to the risk of

pulmonary TB incidence, meaning there is an

influence of bb genotype compared to Bb genotype

on the risk of pulmonary TB (OR 0.22, 95% CI: 0.11-

0.45), most Batak tribes have Bb genotype. Likewise,

there are lifestyle influences such as smoking, staying

up late, drinking alcohol and environmental sanitation

on the risk of pulmonary TB incidence.

According to the research of Tumiur Sormin and

Yuliati A (2016), it is found that the behavior of

continuing TB treatment in health workers (32.3%),

buying drugs at pharmacies or drug stores (31.9%),

taking traditional medicines (7.8%), untreated

(16.9%). The reason for not seeking treatment to the

health facilities is because they thought that TB could

heal on itself (38.2%), the unavailability of treatment

cost (26.4%), the assumption that TB is not a serious

disease (16.3%), the difficult access to health

facilities (4.4%), no time (5.7%), and others (9.0%).

For this reason, it is necessary to examine the

determinants of pulmonary TB incidence in Batak

tribe in the TB Village, Bandar Manis Village,

Pematang Bandar Health Center.

122

Keloko, A., Tarigan, L. and Sarumpaet, S.

The Behavior of Batak Tribe in TB Control in TB Village Bandar Manis Village Pematang Bandar Health Center.

DOI: 10.5220/0010012601220125

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 3 2019) - Social Engineering Governance for the People, Technology and Infrastructure in

Revolution Industry 4.0, pages 122-125

ISBN: 978-989-758-472-5

2 METHODS

The study was conducted in the TB Village, Bandar

Manis Village, Pematang Bandar. Utilizing a case-

control study design that examines factors that

influence the incidence of pulmonary TB. The

population is all 43 pulmonary TB patients registered

at the health center. The control population are those

who do not suffer from TB of 43 people, with a ratio

of 1: 1. The data collection is performed by interviews

using questionnaires. The sample size case 44 cases

and controls. The data analysis is conducted with

univariate and chi-square test, variables with p <0.05

will be stated to have an influence.

3 RESULT

3.1 The Influence of Respondents’

Knowledge on TB Incidence

As seen in the Table 1, the proportion of respondents

who had low knowledge in the case group is 41.9%,

this figure is smaller than the control group which is

55.8%. Whereas respondents with high knowledge in

the case group are 58.1%, this figure is higher than

the control group, which is 44.2%. The result of the

analysis using chi-square shows that this study had no

significant effect between knowledge and pulmonary

TB disease (p = 0.196 <0.05). The OR value = 1.754,

indicating that those suffering from pulmonary TB

have 1.754 times the tendency to occur in respondents

who have high knowledge compared to low

knowledge.

This is in line with a research of Kurniasari, et. al.

(2012) in Baturetmo District, Wonogiri Regency,

Jawa Tengah Province by using a case-control design,

they obtained p = 0.085, which means there is no

significant influence between knowledge and the

incidence of pulmonary TB with the OR values in the

study of 2.7.

Although, in this study, knowledge does not have

a significant influence on the incidence of pulmonary

TB, but knowledge has a role in the transmission of

pulmonary TB. In theory, the lower the knowledge

about pulmonary TB, the greater the danger in

transmission, but in the result of the study of the

prevalence of sufferers, high knowledge is higher

than low knowledge.

3.2 The Influence of Respondents’

Attitude on TB Incidence

As viewed on the Table 2, the proportion of

respondents who do not have a good attitude in the

case group is 41.9%, this figure is smaller when

compared to the control group which is 55.8%. While

the respondents’ good attitude in the case group is

58.1%, this figure is higher than the control group

which is 44.2%. The result of the analysis using chi-

square shows that there is no significant effect

between attitude and pulmonary TB disease (p =

0.196 <0.05). The OR value = 1.754, indicating that

those suffering from pulmonary TB have 1.754 times

the tendency occurs in respondents with good attitude

compared to poor attitude.

The study is in line with a research of Wenas R et

al. (2015) conducted in Wori Village of Sulawesi

Utara Province, the obtained p-value = 0.281 meaning

there is no influence between attitude and the

incidence of pulmonary TB. In theory, the attitude

influences the incidence of pulmonary TB, the better

the attitude in preventing pulmonary TB

transmission, the lower the transmission of

pulmonary TB, but the result of the study differ from

the theory. The study of the prevalence of pulmonary

TB is higher in respondents with good attitude

compared with a good attitude.

Table 1: Influence of respondents’ knowledge on TB incidence in Bandar Manis Village, Pematang Bandar Health Center.

Knowledge

Pulmonary TB

P OR 95% Cl

Case Control

N % N %

High 25 58.1 19 44.2

0.196 1.754 0.747-4.121 Low 18 41.9 244 55.8

Total 43 100.0 43 100.0

The Behavior of Batak Tribe in TB Control in TB Village Bandar Manis Village Pematang Bandar Health Center

123

Table 2: The Influence of respondents' attitudes toward TB Incidence in Bandar Manis Village, Pematang Bandar Health

Center.

Attitude

Pulmonary TB

OR 95% Cl

Case Control

N % N %

Good 25 58.1 19 44.2

0,196 1.754 0.747-4.121

Poor 18 41.9 24 55.8

Total 43 100.0 43 100.0

Table 3: The Influence of Respondents' Action toward TB Incidence in Bandar Manis Village, Pematang Bandar Health

Center.

Action

Pulmonary TB

OR 95% Cl

Case Control

N % N %

Poor 18 41.9 16 37.2

0.825 1.215 0.511-2.888

Good 25 58.1 27 62.8

Total 43 100.0 43 100.0

3.3 The Influence of Respondents’

Action on TB Incidence

Based on the table above, the proportion of

respondents with poor action in the case group is

41.9%, this figure is higher when compared to the

control group which is 37.2%. While the respondent

with good action in the case group is 58.1%, this

figure is lower than the control group that is 62.8%.

The result of the analysis using chi-square shows that

there is no significant effect between action with

pulmonary TB disease (p = 0.825 <0.05). The OR

value = 1.215, indicating that those suffering from

pulmonary TB have 1.2 times the tendency to occur

in respondents who have poor action compared to

good actions.

The study is not in line with Fitriani (2013) in the

Ketangguanagan Health Center in Semarang, they

obtained a value of p = 0.0001, which means there is

a significant influence between behavior and the

incidence of pulmonary TB. The activity of opening

the window every morning is one of the efforts to

prevent the transmission of pulmonary TB. By

opening the window every morning, it is possible that

sunlight can enter the house or room. In addition, the

window can also function as a vent for air exchange.

4 CONCLUSION

The proportion of high knowledge is greater in the

case group (58.1%) than in the control group (44.2%).

Good attitude is also higher in the case group (58.1%)

than in the control group (44.2%). However, the good

behavior is higher in the control group (62.8%) than

in the case group (58.1). Based on the square test there

is no effect of knowledge (p = 0.196), attitude (p =

0.196) and actions (p = 0.825) on the incidence of

pulmonary TB.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Thank you to the TALENTA Research Institute,

University of Sumatera Utara for providing the

research funding with contract number: 4167 /

UN5.1.R / PPM / 2019. April 1

, 2019.

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