Policy Recommendations on the Implementation of

Village Autonomy in Deli Serdang Regency

Mohammad Ridwan Rangkuti and Nicholas Marpaung

Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara,

Jalan Dr, Mansyur, Medan, Indonesia

Keywords: Village Autonomy, Village Head, BPD, District, Regency, Abuse of Village Funds, Policy

Recommendations.

Abstract : This study was conducted in Deli Serdang Regency, with the aim of obtaining appropriate and useful

recommendations in the use of Village Funds in the context of implementing Village Autonomy, specifically

in Deli Serdang Regency. Using qualitative descriptive methods, data collection is done through interviews

and discussions with the Village Head/Village Official, BPD, and Village Community Leaders. Data

collection also uses the study of literature, documents and observations. The results of the study are as follows:

1. There is a strong indication of abuse of the Village Fund in Deli Serdang Regency. The old patterns, project

fees, the administrative violations, 2. Abuse of Village Funds has taken place since the Planning,

Disbursement, Implementation, and Accountability Report (LPJ), 3. Abuse of Village Funds due to economic,

socio-cultural and policy reasons, 4. Abuse of Village Funds has had an impact on Village Autonomy, both

Village Infrastructure, Village Public Services, and Village Economy. The results of this study provide

recommendations to prevent administrative violations in the use of Village Funds. Also, the need for a revision

of the Permendes PDTT on Prioritization of Village Funds.

1 INTRODUCTION

This study aims to analyze the continued impact of

the indications of some initial findings in a study

conducted in 2017 ago. This study is related to the

implementation of Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning

Villages in Deli Serdang Regency. It is also expected

to provide new policy recommendations and in

accordance with the needs of the Village Government

and Deli Serdang Regency Government in particular,

and village government and regency government in

indonesia in general.

Based on the results of Ridwan and Husnul's)

research (2017) on the Implementation of Village

Autonomy in Deli Serdang Regency, there are several

important findings in the implementation of Village

Autonomy: First, there are horizontal and vertical

conflicts in the Village. Horizontally, there is a

conflict of authority between neighboring villages,

especially in the village boundary area. Meanwhile,

vertically, there is a conflict of authority between the

village and the regency in the village area. Like, the

management of traditional markets, village tourism

area. Also, the conflict between the village

government and the community in general,

specifically related to land acquisition (ex HGU

PTPN) by a number of parties (companies). Second,

the problem of the number and quality of village

officials. Village financial management requires a

good quality Village apparatus. Most of the villages

in Deli Serdang Regency do not yet have a village

apparatus that is able to develop initiatives and

breakthroughs to create quality village programs.

Village officials must learn a lot about managing

village development planning and managing village

funds. Besides, quality problems, Villages in Deli

Serdang Regency still lack personnel. Village

Apparatus which so far only amounted to 8 people.

This much personnel is still lacking. Existing village

officials often feel overwhelmed in carrying out their

main tasks and functions. Third, the emergence of

Village Fund corruption cases. In 2015, Saentis

Village, Percut Sei Tuan District received a Village

Fund of Rp 2.5 billion. Meanwhile, Mbelin Village,

Namorambe District only received Rp. 548 million.

Each village in Deli Serdang District receives Village

Funds from three sources: APBN, Village Fund

Allocation (ADD), and PADes. Village Funds

Rangkuti, M. and Marpaung, N.

Policy Recommendations on the Implementation of Village Autonomy in Deli Serdang Regency.

DOI: 10.5220/0010034503890394

In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 3 2019) - Social Engineering Governance for the People, Technology and Infrastructure in

Revolution Industry 4.0, pages 389-394

ISBN: 978-989-758-472-5

389

sourced from The APBN is transferred to the Village

through the Village account book, and entered into

the APBDes. Cases of corruption related to the

Village Fund also occurred in Deli Serdang Regency.

Some cases are still being investigated by the police.

Some other cases have even reached the Court's

verdict. These corruption cases start from falsifying

signatures, implementing fictitious projects, and

fictitious accountability reports. These corruption

cases involved the Village Head and BPD members.

The above findings are an early indication of the

many problems in the implementation of Village

Autonomy in Deli Serdang Regency. Some of these

indications need to be further elaborated through a

more in-depth and ongoing study. Thus, the results of

this follow-up research can benefit the emergence of

new policy recommendations and that are more

relevant to the needs of the Village Government and

Deli Serdang Regency Government in particular, and

generally in Indonesia.

2 RESEARCH METHODS

This study was conducted in Deli Serdang Regency,

North Sumatra Province. The method used was

descriptive qualitative. Data collection methods used

are in-depth interviews, discussions with Village

Heads/Village apparatus, Village Consultative Body

(BPD), and Village community leaders. In addition,

the data collection method also use literature,

documents and observations. The data analysis

method used were a qualitative data analysis

technique.

3 ABUSE OF VILLAGE FUNDS:

POLICY

RECOMMENDATIONS

Based on online reporting the results of discussions

and in-depth interviews with a number of informants

from the Village Head/Village Apparatus, BPD, as

well as community leaders in Deli Serdang Regency,

obtained the following results; first, there are strong

indications of abuse of Village Funds in Deli Serdang

Regency. The involvement of Village heads/Village

officials in conventional abuse of Village Funds is

usually in the form of fictitious projects. In addition,

the misuse of the Village Fund is also in the form of a

project fee, in which the Village Head submits the

implementation of work to a third party. and, abuse of

the Village Fund is an administrative violation. Where

the village head is required to return the project money

to the village treasury. In addition to the three types of

abuse of the Village Fund, some are included in the

category of Village government administrative service

cases. Like, the management of village documents/

documents. Legal cases involving village letter/

document management are usually through sting

operation (OTT) by the Police. The police conduct

OTT to the village head/village official who receives

money from someone who manages the documents/

documents at the village head's office. Even though

the amount is only a small amount, Rp. 20,000, for

example. The village head/village official is at risk of

being subject to OTT by the police. The

administration of village administration documents/

documents should not need to have illegal levies,

because there is an allocation of Village Funds for

village public services such as the management of

village documents/documents. Abuse of Village

Funds is related to procedures for implementing

projects that are not in accordance with SOP. The

Village Head hands over the implementation of the

project to a third party. The Village Head gets a fee of

a percentage of the project value. In terms of

compliance with the SOP, project implementation is

through the formation of the TPK (Implementor

Team). The TPK is chaired by the Heads of Village

Affairs. Development Unit, Government Unit, and

Finance Unit. Meanwhile, the Village Secretary as the

Program Manager. And the Village Head performs the

function project supervision. Submission of the

project to a third party or consultant has actually begun

since the planning of the project, namely the

preparation of the RAPBDes. Consultant who

prepared RAPBDes. Next, the planning consultant

who carried out the project. The Village Head

considers the Consultant to be a party who

understands the project. The consultant has a

certificate of expertise. If there are problems in

planning and implementing the project, the Consultant

will be responsible. Meanwhile, misuse of Village

Funds falls into the category of administrative errors,

as can be seen from the existence of public complaints

to the Deli Serdang Regency Inspectorate for alleged

abuse of Village Funds by a number of Village Heads

in Deli Serdang Regency. Deli Serdang Regency

Inspectorate assessed that several Village Heads had

committed administrative violations and were

required to carry out compensation claims. The village

head is required to return Rp. 100 million more. The

money returned goes to the Village Treasury.

According to the Head of Deli Serdang Regency

Inspectorate, many Village Heads lacked

understanding of the use of Village Funds. Example of

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RAP drainage budgeted with a cost of 20 cm

thickness. However, it was only carried out 15 cm.

The weakness of the Village Head in

understanding the management of the Village Fund

should be overcome by the presence of Village

Facilitators. Where the Village Facilitator by the

Kemendes (Ministry of Villages) functions as a

village facilitator or village head in managing village

funds. So that the management of the Village Fund

can run effectively and efficiently. However, as

acknowledged by a Village Head in Deli Serdang

Regency, the Village Assistant only prepared a

Report. And, often even the Village Companion

Report is prepared by the Village Head.

"The village facilitator is finally only a report

administrator. We make their reports. So, they were

not involved in dynamics of the village

government. This homework is also the same as the

Ministry of Villages. If in this Patumbak,

sometimes they come once a month asking for the

signature of the Village Head to make a report. He

asked their work reports from time to time to ask

for APBDes and realization reports. But, dynamic

process is zero. We walk behind them, behind this.

If we wait, it won't work. Yes, we will just walk. He

wants to come along too, okay? We hope this

assistant (village) will want to interact with the

community. In BUMDes, for example, he

participated in dynamic BUMDes. There are

obstacles he can find a solution. His name is Village

Companion. This was not created. He sometimes

becomes an administrator, becomes an instructor,

just become a Report Collector". (Interview with

Head of Marendal 2 Village, Patumbak District,

Deli Serdang Regency, July 11, 2019)

In the midst of the still large number of Village

Heads/Village Officials and BPD who do not

understand the process of using the Village Fund, it is

necessary to compile a training module book and a

practical guide on managing the Village Fund. The

books are arranged in a simple way so that they are

easily understood and understood by the Village

Head/Village Apparatus and BPD.

Second, the abuse of Village Funds is believed to

be strong in all Village Fund management processes.

Starting from the Planning, Disbursement,

Implementation, and Liability Report (LPJ) stages.

Planning is the stage of discussion and ratification of

the RAPBDes. BPD Namo Tualang Village, Biru-

Biru District, Deli Serdang Regency, believes that

there is a strong indication that abuse of Village

Funds takes place at all stages of the project activities.

Starting from the planning, disbursement,

implementation, and the Liability Report (LPJ).

"There is a possibility at the planning stage.

Because, in the framework of the Village Fund

planning process the determination of development

objects in the Village Fund in the initial stages is

based on consultation with the community plus the

BPD along with the elements of the community in

the Village, there is a high probability that there will

be nuances of interest in the development process

or the determination of development objects that

are exist in the village by parties who may have an

interest in development. Say, for example, roads or

irrigation that may indeed be in contact with

individual interests. In disbursement stage. This

corruption gap might later relate to the authority of

the Sub-district parties. Disbursement directly to

the village account. It's just that there might be an

unwritten rule that part of the Deli Serdang

Regency or District has been prepared. For

example, in the form of evaluating financial

statements or accountability reports for village

heads. So, in the mechanism of the accountability

report, usually the Village collects its LPJ to the

District to be corrected. The term corrected may be

the costs later there. So, maybe the abuse of

authority at the District level. If the project is

implemented, it certainly happens. Because,

community involvement might also be minimized.

Price of ingredients. So, there are all kinds of

things. Not to mention the workforce that may not

be in accordance with the process in the field. For

example, say building a 1 KM village road, in the

RAB they have manipulated in quotation marks the

number of workers in the implementation process.

In the RAB they could have made 20 people, but

the actual realization in the field was 10 people. In

terms of materials in terms of price maybe not. But,

if the amount is biased too. For example, cement

should have been made for 25. Maybe, the

indicative models might be there". (Interview with

BPD Namo Tualang Village, Biru-Biru District,

Deli Serdang Regency, July 18, 2019)

Third, abuse of Village Funds has had an impact

on the implementation of Village Autonomy. Both in

the field of public services, village infrastructure,

village economy, and the environment of the village.

Village Infrastructure. For example, village roads,

village bridges, village irrigation channels (tertiary

channels), etc. Poor village infrastructure will affect

the village economy. The flow of transportation from

villages to other villages, or from villages to cities has

been disrupted. The Village Fund has had an impact

on the implementation of Village Autonomy. Village

infrastructure is disrupted. Such as, village roads,

village bridges, village irrigation (tertiary irrigation),

etc. As a result, transportation of villages to cities or

other villages has been disrupted. The village

economy is hampered due to poor village

infrastructure. In addition, the misuse of village funds

Policy Recommendations on the Implementation of Village Autonomy in Deli Serdang Regency

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has disrupted village public services. Village offices

cannot be repaired, if possible they cannot be built

new. Including, replacement of stationery and

furniture office Village. In addition to the

aforementioned objectives, the Village Fund is

expected to improve the community's economy

through the establishment of BUMDes. Where

BUMDes can facilitate farmers' products to be sold in

villages or cities. However, with the misuse of the

BUMDes Village Fund it cannot run optimally. As a

result, the production of farmers, especially during

the harvest season, the price dropped sharply.

Sampali Village Secretary, Percut Sei Tuan

District, Deli Serdang Regency, acknowledged that

the impact of abuse of Village Funds was quite large.

Both in the fields of infrastructure, public services,

and community empowerment. And all fields are

related to one another.

"The impact of corruption is huge. ... I see

interlocking. For example, corruption occurs in

infrastructure. That is, the infrastructure is

hampered, public services are hampered,

community empowerment is also unused. Because,

the concept of this Government in the

implementation of the Village Fund, the

implementation of activities carried out by the

community. Hence, there arose jobs for the

community. So, if there is corruption the

connection is wide. Empowering people, the

infrastructure is not working, public services are

disrupted". (Interview with Sampali Village

Secretary, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang

Regency, July 16, 2019)

Fourth, abuse of Village Funds is caused by

various reasons. Like, Economy, Culture, and Policy.

The reason for the policy relates to the existence of

the District and Regency authority in the guidance

and supervision (binwas) in the management of the

Village Fund. This authority is vulnerable to abuse by

the District and Regency. The policy regulated

through this Bupati Regulation is an implementation

provision of Permendes PDTT No. 19 of 2017. This

Permendes PDTT is inconsistent, and even

contradicts Law No. 23 on Regional Government, and

Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. Thus, this

Permendes PDTT can hamper the achievement of

Village Autonomy. Socio-cultural reasons refer to the

custom of the Village Head/Village Apparatus to

abuse Village Funds. The Village Head considers it

normal to receive fee from a project. And the

community was permissive towards the attitude of the

Village Head. Because, indeed everywhere an

ordinary official receives a project fee. Meanwhile,

economic reasons are always associated with the

receipt and expenditure of the Village Head. Village

Head's income of Rp. 3,600,000 per month. Village

Chief has a lot of expenses. The Village Head is

considered a prestigious position, but earning a little

is spending a lot. Starting from spending when

participating in the Village Head Election (Pilkades)

to spending when elected as Village Head. The

number of reception invitations that must be attended

every week. NGOs, mass organizations (mass

organizations), journalists who always come to the

Village Office asking for help.

Specifically about journalists who always come to

the Village Office, causing the village public services

to be disrupted. The service hours are reduced,

because the Village Office is only open until midday.

The Chairman of PAC NU of Tanjung Morawa

District revealed the village head's complaint, which

was always visited by unscrupulous journalists.

Reporters almost every day come to the Village

Office. As a result, village heads rarely enter village

government offices. Public services are limited to 12

noon.

"The village head talked to me as if the Village

Fund indeed had to be spent on everything. For

example, reporters. That's why the leak started from

there. Almost all of the village heads in Tanjung

Morawa. It is rarely the village head in his office.

Why? Because, being visited by reporters

continued to get dizzy. Public service until twelve

o'clock. The reason is because it can't stand it.

Indeed, reporters many times. Reporters without

newspapers, reporters are shitty." (Interview with

Chairman of PAC NU, Tanjung Morawa District,

Deli Serdang Regency, July 19, 2019)

Seeing the minimum income of a village head,

only Rp 3,600,000,-, this includes Rp 600,000,-

occupational benefits, the government had a chance to

increase the Village Head's income to the level of

ASN group II. The government has prepared PP

(Government Regulation). BPD Namo Tualang, Biru-

Biru District, suggested that to address the problem of

the minimum salary of a Village Head, the salary of

the Village Head should be based on economic values

prevailing in their respective Regions.

"In terms of the revenue of the Village Government

Apparatus. Here that can indeed also be a gap. This

means, because it is possible that the salary of the

Village Head is only how much, in fact this is the

one who should go forward to be re-evaluated. That

is, referring to the level of economic needs because

in each region it is different. It is not impossible that

the village head's salary is based on economic

values in his respective regions. For example, in

villages in East Java or in Yogya, for example, the

culture is indeed cheap compared to Pekan Baru.

This is so far the difference and not enough. So, this

should be standardized based on economic values

in the midst of society." (Interview with BPD Namo

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Tualang Village, Biru-Biru District, Deli Serdang

Regency, July 18, 2019)

Furthermore, in terms of policy. There is a policy

that implicitly gives room to abuse the Village Fund.

Policies can be in the form of Laws, PP, Ministerial

Regulations (Permen), Regional Government

Regulations (Perda), or Regents’ Regulations

(Perbup). BPD Namo Tualang, Biru-Biru District,

Deli Serdang Regency, revealed that Deli Serdang

Regents' Regulations (Perbup) are vulnerable to

abuse by the District authorities. Where the District

has the authority to examine the Village Head's

Accountability Report (LPJ). This Perbup is the

operational guidelines (Petunjuk Pelaksanaan) and

Technical Guidelines (Petunjuk Teknis) for the

examination of Village Head LPJ.

"In terms of regulations, it's likely rather difficult

for us to prove it. For example, there was a policy

from the Bupati in order to make uniform

corrections to the Village Head's accountability

report at the end of the year through the Kecamatan

before being sent to the Regency. As if this is a

good goal, but it could be an opportunity/

opportunity the District parties to take the power of

abuse his authority. So as well as possible in the

process of policy regulation, both at the Regency

and Ministry level, the indicators should be clearer,

more concrete in the future. In particular, it is

indeed the BPD in this case who conducts

supervision more endeavored to have the ability

and understanding of what forms of prevention. So,

the mentality of the BPD and the Village

Government Apparatus must indeed be addressed."

(Interview with BPD Namo Tualang Village, Biru-

Biru District, Deli Serdang Regency, July 18, 2019)

Deli Serdang Regency Regents’ (Peraturan Bupati

(Perbup)), as stated by BPD Namo Tualang, refer to:

Deli Serdang Regent Regulation No.254 of 2017;

Deli Serdang Regent Regulation No. 004 2018; Deli

Serdang Regent Regulation No. 005 of 2018. This

Regent Regulation (Perbup) is actually an

implementation provision of the Minister of Village

Regulation and PDTT No. 19 of 2017 concerning

Determination of Village Fund Priorities, Monitoring

Mechanisms, Guidance, Reporting, and Community

Participation in Village Funds. Specifically in

Chapters V, VI, and VII regulates the Guidance and

Supervision, Reporting, and Community

Participation. According to the PDTT Permendes,

Villages are required to report prioritization of the use

of Village Funds to the Regent. Documents attached,

such as: Village Regulation (Perdes) concerning

Village Authority, Village RKP, and APBDes. Also,

documents on the Report on the Realization of the

Use of Village Funds. The Regency Government

fosters and oversees the determination of priorities for

the use of the Village budget. To carry out the

fostering and supervision functions, the Regional

Government provides assistance and facilitation

carried out by the Village Administration

Organization (OPD). In the context of fostering and

supervising, the Regent conducts monitoring and

evaluation of the Village Fund. The monitoring and

evaluation of Village Funds can be delegated to the

District Government OPD. Meanwhile, the Camat

conducts training and supervision in setting priorities

for the use of Village Funds through the preparation

of participatory development plans and village

community empowerment programs. The Village

Government and BPD carry out the task of

monitoring and evaluating the use of Village Funds

discussed in the Village Conference (Musdes), in

accordance with the format of the Village Periodic

Report. Furthermore, the results of monitoring and

evaluation are carried out by the District Government

OPD and submitted to the Regent. Permendes PDTT

that give the authority to the Camat in carrying out the

fostering and supervision functions (binwas) to the

Village in the use of Village Funds, are actually

contrary to Law No. 23 of 2014 concerning Regional

Government, and Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning

Villages. According to Law No. 23 on Regional

Government, the position of the District is OPD,

where the Camat is the Chairperson of OPD. The

Sub-district is no longer positioned as a regional

apparatus, but rather is a Regional District apparatus.

Similar to other DPOs in the Regency Government.

Therefore, the relationship between Kecamatan and

Desa is no longer a deconcentrated relationship.

Therefore, the Camat does not have supervision and

guidance authority. The position of the District as an

apparatus of the Regency Area can be understood, so

that the Village can become an Autonomous or

Independent. Because there is an assumption, that

Village Autonomy will not be possible if the Village

Government is still positioned as an apparatus of the

District area. Likewise, Law No. 6 of 2014

concerning Villages. According to this law, in the

context of Village Autonomy, there is no relationship

between the deconcentration of the Village and the

Districts. Therefore, the District does not have the

function of guiding and supervising the Village. In

connection with the conflict in principle with the

Permendes Law No. 23 of 2014 and Law No. 6 of

2014, it is necessary to revise the Permendes No. 19

of 2017 concerning Priority Determination of Village

Funds. Specifically, in Chapters V, VI, and VII

(Articles 14-18). Before the revision, it is necessary

to do an academic study to get the Academic Paper

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393

for the revision of the Permendes containing problem

identification, analysis, and policy recommendations.

4 CONCLUSIONS

First, there are strong indications of abuse of the

Village Fund in Deli Serdang Regency. The

involvement of Village Heads/Village Officials in

abusing Village Funds. The conventional methods,

project fees, and the administrative violations.

Second, the abuse of Village Funds is believed to

be strong in all Village Fund management processes.

Planning, Disbursement, Implementation, and

Responsibility Report (LPJ) Phase.

Third, abuse of Village Funds has had an impact

on the implementation of Village Autonomy. Both in

the field of public services, village infrastructure,

village economy, and the environment of the village.

Fourth, abuse of Village Funds is caused by

various reasons. Economic, Cultural and Policy

Reasons. For social/cultural reasons, the Village

Head follows the habits in his community. Economic

reasons concern the receipt and expenditure of the

Village Head. The Village Head receives a fixed

income and a Position Allowance of Rp. 3. 600,000,-

/month. The Village Chief's extra expenditure is quite

large. The policy relates to the existence of District

and Regency authority in the guidance and

supervision (binwas) in the management of the

Village Fund. This authority is vulnerable to abuse by

the District and Regency. This policy is regulated

through Regents’ Regulations. And is a provision for

the implementation of Permendes PDTT No. 19 of

2017. This Permendes PDTT is inconsistent, and even

contradicts Law No. 23 on Regional Government, and

Law No. 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. This

Permendes PDTT can hamper the achievement of

Village Autonomy.

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Rangkuti, M.R., Harahap, H.I., 2017. Village autonomy

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villages in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra

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