Identification of Waste Bank Management System based on

Community Participation: Case Study - Waste Bank Simfoni Village

Watutumou Kabupaten Minahasa Utara

Felly Ferol Warouw

, Franciscus Luther Jani Lumape

and Piet Hein Pusung

Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Manado, Tondano, Indonesia

Fakultas Manajemen Pemerintahan IPDN Tampusu, Indonesia

Keywords: Waste Bank, Community Participation

Abstract: Community participation is one of the elements that allow a community to develop and achieve progress. At

present participation needs to be developed by utilizing technology. This study aims to describe the process

of empowerment and community participation in the waste management system through the principle of the

3R waste bank in the Bank Simfoni Garbage Watutumou Village, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi

Province. This type of research is descriptive. Observation, interviews and documentation were collected.

Data testing and analysis is done by triangulating data and classifying data systematically and then deciphering

existing data in fields that describe the form of community empowerment in the waste management process.

To empower the community is not easy and fast but requires a systematic process that starts from the stage of

socialization, planning, implementation, and evaluation tools needed to analyze the success of community

empowerment through a waste bank system. The results show that community empowerment is used as a

method of managing waste through a system Waste banks have increased in terms of clean environmental

quality and emerged so that public participation is increasing. It was concluded that community participation

was at the implementation and participatory stage. Factors supporting waste management are determined by

the involvement of members, advice and infrastructure as well as cooperation with the government and the

private sector, as well as technological developments that can be used as a profitable business for waste

management.

1 INTRODUCTION

Environmental problems that are currently in line

with population growth in Indonesia are increasing

waste generation, which is difficult to handle (BPS-

Statistic Indonesia 2018). Of the 250 million

inhabitants of Indonesia can produce 151,192 tons per

day with the habit of Indonesians throwing their trash

carelessly as much as 70.31% (United Nation

#OceanAction14387 2017). This condition makes

Indonesia the third highest in the world as the dirtiest

country after India and China (World Bank 2019).

The 4.0 industrial revolution can be hope and

challenge for Indonesia, especially in the

environmental sustainability sector. Jalal explained,

an observer of corporate governance and political

ecology from Thamrin School of Climate Change and

Sustainability, the notion of industry 4.0 in the

environmental sector is where all elements improve

and favour the carrying capacity of the environment

including waste management (Weick 2016).

The Minister of National Development Planning,

Bambang Brodjonegoro said that the essence of the

4.0 industrial revolution was an environmentally

friendly industry and in accordance with the

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Gigliotti,

Schmidt-Traub, and Bastianoni 2018). One of them is

ensuring that the availability of energy is no longer

dependent on fossil fuels. This situation allows

reusing waste into one of the potential resources (Park

and Chertow 2014).

North Sulawesi Province is in the centre of the

world’s coral triangle which in addition has abundant

biodiversity potential. On the other hand, this area is

also a meeting place for trash of three continents due

to the ocean currents that meet in this region. The

North Minahasa area, which is one of the districts

located in the centre of North Sulawesi, is

proliferating with various problems regarding the

Warouw, F., Lumape, F. and Pusung, P.

Identiﬁcation of Waste Bank Management System based on Community Participation: Case Study - Waste Bank Simfoni Village Watutumou Kabupaten Minahasa Utara.

DOI: 10.5220/0010684000002967

In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of Vocational Higher Education (ICVHE 2019) - Empowering Human Capital Towards Sustainable 4.0 Industry, pages 341-344

ISBN: 978-989-758-530-2; ISSN: 2184-9870

341

increase in waste production (Allen and Werner

2002).

North Minahasa Regency is urged to fix their

respective regions in order to improve the quality of

the environment, of course, with the 3R principle of

Reuse, Reduce and Recycle (Preston, Hileman, and

Cubas 2011). In the program, the priority of activities

is waste management through a waste bank. One of

the ones that developed and became a pioneer was the

symphonic waste bank in Watutumou village.

Through the garbage bank, it is now expected to be

able to help the government in handling waste

problems and collaborating with the private sector

and sponsors to jointly succeed the waste

management program through the community-based

waste bank system.

This waste bank was established in 2011 and now

has shown progress in its waste management system

with the main effort, namely community

empowerment. The unsuccessful success is one of the

reasons for researchers to examine in the form of a

picture of community participation in managing

waste and knowing the benefits of bank waste felt by

the community.

2 METHOD

2.1 Types of Research

This type of research is descriptive quantitative,

where community participation is measured in the

management of waste banks. Of the eight variables

measured to find the level of community participation

which is then sorted according to rank. The location

of the study was carried out at the Simfoni garbage

bank of Watutumou village.

2.2 Subjek and Objek Research

The subjects of this study were the speakers who were

interviewed by researchers while measuring the level

of participation was carried out by carrying out

questionnaires. The object of this research is about the

procedures for managing waste banks and community

participation in managing waste at the Simfoni waste

bank.

2.3 Data Collection

Primary data collection is done by observation,

interview and documentation methods accompanied

by running questionnaires to measure community

participation while secondary data is taken from

applicable regulations, internet sites and other

sources.

3 ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION

3.1 Community Participation Process

Initially, the community had the habit of disposing of

their trash everywhere so that the area was previously

known as a slum and dirty area. Now, it is famous for

its clean environment. Even though efforts to manage

the environment have shown significant changes, the

management born from the Watutumou community,

which was pioneered by Mr Marlon Kamagi, felt the

need to assist in cooperating with the community to

participate as customers at the waste bank fully.

Observation results revealed that the waste

management activities in Watutumou village after the

symphony waste bank was generally carried out by

stages:

‐ First, at the household level by separating

organic and inorganic waste, then bringing it to

the place of the waste bank.

‐ Second, the planning process of the

government’s initial, private offer, in this case,

the BUMN Pawnshop through the “The Gade”

program converts waste into gold together with

PLN and sponsors. The parties facilitated this

region as a pilot project in waste management

activities with the waste bank system. The local

government and the community can accept this

condition.

‐ Third, the agreement was then included in the

form of a management decree approved by the

village to obtain assistance in the form of

administrative and waste management

equipment.

‐ This process is then formulated in the form of a

village regulation about waste management

through a waste bank.

Dissemination of activities is carried out by

inviting facilitators who have participated in the

training (TOT) as well as cadres who provide

counselling to invite the public to be more concerned

about the environment and want to become customers

in the waste bank. The socialization was divided into

two activities, namely: First, the socialization of the

planning stage which contained the submission of

ideas/ideas regarding the strengthening of the waste

bank program by providing knowledge and

understanding to the community to participate in and

ICVHE 2019 - The International Conference of Vocational Higher Education (ICVHE) “Empowering Human Capital Towards Sustainable

4.0 Industry”

342

become part of the waste bank (management and

customers). Secondly, the socialization of the

management phase is aimed at the community,

especially those who are selected as managers or

managers of waste banks later. By providing an

understanding to the community in management

activities, there is no retribution fee which means that

the activity is voluntary.

The process of managing a waste bank has also

used internet technology with an application system

called MySmash, where customers can register using

smartphone technology.

Management and development carried out must

refer to Law No. 18 of 2008 concerning Waste

Management, Government Regulation Number 81 of

2012 concerning Management of Household Waste

and Similar Waste of Household Waste, Regulation

of the Minister of Environment of the Republic of

Indonesia Number 13 of 2012 concerning Guidelines

for Implementation of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle

(Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia 2008).

3.2 Rank of Community Participation

Concerning the level of participation of researchers

gives a level as a variable size. Analysis of the level

of participation in the development of a waste bank

was carried out. The number of respondents in use

amounted to 30 people, where the number of

respondents was the community involved in

managing the symphony garbage bank.

Based on the level of participation, most of the

respondents actively attended discussions in the

program. Seven respondents (22.58%) were in the

program for the sake of their community. Six

respondents (20.97%) participated and influenced to

the program. Four respondents (14.52%)

participated in the program for their government.

Only four people did not participate in the program

(12.90%). Three respondents participated in the

program and shared responsibilities with their

government (9.68%), and the rest was (3.23%).

Participation in the program would help the

authorities to make dominant decisions, plan,

implement, and supervise the program. To conclude,

the calculation of the level of participation is shown

in the table below.

Table 1: Participation Level with Participation Ranking

Scale N % Ran

Not

artici

atin

4 12,9 -

Participate but for the

government only

4 12,9 -

Participate for the benefit of the

community only

6 20,9 2

Take an active discussion 7 22,5 1

Participate in the

implementation of the plan and

give some influence

4 14.5 3

Participate in the

implementation of the program

and share res

onsibilit

3 9,6 -

Participate in execution and

have the authority to make

dominant decisions.

1 13,2 -

Participate in program

implementation and have the

power to plan, implement and

oversee

1 3,2 -

Total 30 100

4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The results of the above analysis can be elaborated

in the results of the identification of waste

management programs through the waste bank

program as findings that can be stated in this study,

namely the supporting factors for the development

of waste bank programs, namely:

4.1 Member Involvement

The garbage bank program that has been running

again confirms that the new paradigm has changed

the view that people who were previously objects in

carrying out development. At present, the community

has been used as the subject who will carry out a

development. This situation is that the community is

told to activate in the waste management activities in

an area. With the presence of several surrounding

communities who participate fully and are willing to

become members to run an activity program in terms

of becoming waste bank customers who have been

very helpful, the process of the continuous

development program is evident.

4.2 The Existence of Facilities and

Infrastructure

The program for the construction of facilities and

infrastructure is essential in the process of running a

program. The availability of adequate facilities and

Identiﬁcation of Waste Bank Management System based on Community Participation: Case Study - Waste Bank Simfoni Village

Watutumou Kabupaten Minahasa Utara

343

infrastructure that have been facilitated by the

government and the private sector in the process of

implementing the Waste Bank as a place for managing

household waste is expected to be able to run smoothly

and optimally on an ongoing basis. Facilities and

infrastructure are needed. They are as follows:

weighing instruments to weigh the garbage; vehicles

to run to the communities; the storefront as a place for

some items to be sold, and some containers to be used

as compost. In addition, the condition of the house or

a comfortable environment which is currently the

place where all the managers of the Waste Bank are

working will increase the activities of the management

to achieve their goals to the fullest.

4.3 Public and Private Cooperation

The Cooperation Program has been carried out with

the government as a companion. Support from the

private sector is one form of synergy between the

government and the community. The existence of this

cooperation makes it easier for waste banks to carry

out the programs that have been given for them. This

statement has been stated in the management plan and

village regulations.

4.4 Support for Technology

Development

Technology contributes to the development of waste

management. If the conventional method is done by

collecting and carrying it to the waste management

site, this can now be done through the application.

Where customers only upload election results to be

transacted to a garbage bank. Even the results of sales

can be directly exchanged for needs such as

telephone, electricity and gas pulses.

5 CONCLUSION

The definitive conclusion from this study is that:

‐ Simfoni Waste Bank, located in Watutumou

village, can increase its regional development

efforts by empowering its people to manage

waste through the 3R principle. In terms of

technical and institutional implementation, the

garbage bank has met the feasibility standard of

operation because it has referred to the applicable

laws and regulations.

‐ Benefits obtained from community-based waste

management were ecological, economic and

spiritual benefits. Further studies on explorative

research are needed to obtain a more suitable

formulation of community-based waste

management models.

‐ The level of community participation is at the

stage where the community has participated in

activities ranging from planning to

implementation of activities.

Suggestions in this study are that there is a need

to increase socialization about community

participation in waste management while optimizing

management technology using applications.

Furthermore, government and private budget support

are needed because many activities can cover large

areas and many new points for waste banks that

require development funds.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The results of the study on the identification of

community-based waste bank management have been

arranged, and for this reason, the researchers

expressed their gratitude to the Unima LPPM who

had helped to fund, the management of the symphony

waste bank who was willing to be the respondent and

ICVHE committee that organized the conference.

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ICVHE 2019 - The International Conference of Vocational Higher Education (ICVHE) “Empowering Human Capital Towards Sustainable

4.0 Industry”

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