Esoteric Aspect of Traditionnal Oral Mocoan Lontar Yusup in Java

Coastal Community (Mocoan Case Lontar Yusup, Desa using,

Banyuwangi)

Muhammad Abdullah, Moh. Muzakka, Nur Fauzan Achmad

Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Keywords: Lontar Yusup, Kasmaran, Mocoan, Philology, Ecoteric, Reception

Abstract: The lontar yusup text contains the story of prophet yusuf, an old literature in the form of tr aditional poetry.

the lontar yusup text consists of four basic songs and 12 pupuh. one of the pupuhs is pupuh kasmatran kawitan

(samudana), containing the journey of prophet yusup when he became his father's favorite child and was a

good figure and considered the most perfect. this lontar yusup is often read in the mocoan tradition lontar

yusup. the purpose of the study is expalin why the tradition lontar yusup mocoan always exist end establised.

the theory used for manuscript research used philology theory and reception. whereas data collection about

receptions for texts is carried out directly to the community. data analysis and data presentation are carried

out in two stages, namely philological and receptive. the results are presented descriptively. the results of the

analysis of the mocoan text kasmaran kawitan (samudana) in the lontar yusup text are in the form of teachings

that contain traditions and cultures that are still developing today. although the manuscript is an old text, lontar

yusup's text is still accepted among the present-day using community in banyuwangi regency. the function of

lontar yusup text is to get (1) blessings in life, (2) to get syafa'at from prophet yusup, (3) usefulness for

someone's form, (4) for means (wasilah prayer) of friendship, and (5) function another esoteric, namely to get

certain magical powers for those who believe in them.

1 INTRODUCTION

According to Endraswara (2010: 153) one aspect of

folklore that is still alive, but lacks the attention of its

supporting community is oral folklore. One of the

surviving forms of Javanese oral folklore is the

mocoan tradition of Lontar Yusup. One legacy of

Javanese cultural heritage is the mocoan tradition

found in the coastal areas of East Java, namely in

Banyuwangi. Among Mocoan's goals is to develop

character-based education through dignified literary

works. The Lontar Yusup text contains the story of

Prophet Yusuf, an old literature in the form of

traditional poetry. The Lontar Yusup text consists of

four basic songs and 12 pupuh. One of the pupuhs is

pupuh Kasmatran Kawitan (Samudana), containing

the journey of Prophet Yusup when he became his

father's favorite child and was a good figure and

considered the most perfect. This Lontar Yusup is

often read in the Mocoan Tradition Lontar Yusup.

The theory used in the research is philology theory

and reception. Whereas data collection about

receptions for texts is carried out directly to the

community.

In turn, the existence of literature as a product of

past culture is not only useful individually and limited

to its readers, but can be useful massively in the order

of the society of readers. In fact it may be possible

that such valuable literary works will be able to

change the worldview of the reading community or a

country. One of the functions and benefits of literary

work in society is the value of education that is full of

meaning and moral messages in it. In the present

context, the presence and re-disclosure of the contents

of the works will be able to provide a new alternative

color for the education of the community which

began to be torn apart by modern culture. This is why

research on the Mocoan oral tradition of Lontar

Yusup in Using society in Banyuwangi is important.

332

Abdullah, M., Muzakka, M. and Achmad, N.

Esoteric Aspect of Traditionnal Oral Mocoan Lontar Yusup in Java Coastal Community (Mocoan Case Lontar Yusup, Desa using, Banyuwangi).

DOI: 10.5220/0008998503320335

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Language and Society (ICELS 2019), pages 332-335

ISBN: 978-989-758-405-3

2 RESEARCH METHOD

To support the input of data information, this research

will be conducted using the following method. First,

the fochlor research method as a method of oral

tradition research, namely the method of inventory

and text identification; Second, the Literature Review

method, and Third, the field research method, namely

the text recording method and the children's play

festival. In this case, focus group discussions (FGD)

and text writing training methods (reproduction text)

are needed.

In practice the description of the oral literature

method can follow the steps in stages as follows:

1. Inventory and identification of children's song

spread in Javanese society, which is largely not

appreciated by modern society;

2. Hold identification and description of the text:

Namely holding records and selection to the

physical condition of the text by interview

approach;

3. Hold the text classification, which is very

important to do, to get the best text;

4. Text compilation method, which is the best

collection of oral texts to be used as text selection;

5. Library Study Methods are used to analyze

content, especially those that educatively contain

aspects of religiosity and high morality.

Discussion of these aspects will be enriched with

various references, which refer to ethical and moral

teachings as taught in Islamic culture and religion

3 LONTAR YUSUP AND THE

MOCOAN TRADITION

One of the manuscripts reviewed and still in use today

is the Lontar Yusup text. The material object of this

study took the Lontar Yusup manuscript in

Banyuwangi, East Java. Lontar here means

'manuscript' or 'story', while Yusuf is the name of the

main character in this story. In the first verse of this

text there is a verse that reads, "the face of Yusup

ginita" (humming the story of Joseph). This array

shows that this text contains the story or story of the

Prophet Joseph, which was finally known in the

Using community by the name Lontar Yusuf (Indiarti,

2018: 9). This manuscript is a manuscript of a private

collection belonging to one of the residents named

Mr. Sarino in Using Tribe who is in Kampunganyar

village, Glagah District, Banyuwangi Regency, East

Java. The Lontar Yusup Manuscript is a text that

contains the story of the Prophet Joseph that is a type

of song Lontar, in which there are four types of songs

namely Kasmaran, Pangkur, Sinom, and Durmo. In

the Lontar Yusup script, there are 12 types of pupuh,

including Kasmaran Kawitan (Samudana).

The first text of the song Kasmaran is a form of

local naming in Banyuwangi against pupuh which is

generally known in Java as Asmaradana. Asmaradana

comes from the word romance is the name of the God

of romance, find from the word dahana means fire.

The two Pangkur are derived from the names of

punggawa in clergy such as the charter listed in

ancient Javanese, in the fiber "Serat Purwaukara"

(1861: 11) Pangkur is given the meaning of buntut or

tails. Third, Sinom's pupuh was related to the

ceremony for young people in the past. Sinom can

also be interpreted as young leaves. The fourth,

Durmo in Old Javanese, means tiger, usually Durmo

songs are used in a scary atmosphere (Indiarti, 2018:

30).

One of the poems in the Lontar Yusup manuscript

is pupuh Kasmaran Kawitan (Samudana). The pupuh

contains stories about pleasure, holiness, and is the

pleasure of the community. The song is the core of

the Lontar Yusup text, the poem is considered core

because pods 1 and 2 on pupuh Kasmaran Kawitan

(Samudana) read again before closing or ending. This

song is a sacred song or must be read because it

contains positive values and prayers for good. This

text is a manuscript used in the Mocoan tradition

Lontar Yusup, as one of the traditions in Banyuwangi

that has developed to this day. The Mocoan tradition

is carried out every clean hamlet program, village

salvation, celebration, and specifically on the 12th of

Djulqaidah in the village of Rejopuro in

Kampunganyar Village, Glagah Sub-district for a

village selametan ritual. The purpose of reading the

manuscript Lontar Yusup in the tradition is that

people believe that it brings goodness and glory. In

addition, the Lontar Yusup manuscript is used as a

seven-month and four-month ritual for pregnant

women, hoping that the child they conceive has a

behavior like the prophet Yusuf. The Mocoan

tradition of Lontar Yusuf is still developing today and

provides positive value to the Using community in

Banyuwangi. This study uses the text Kasmaran

Kawitan (Samudono) which is the oldest and sacred

poetry or obligatory to be recited. To find out more

about the function of the Kasmaran Kawitan

(samudono) text in the Lontar Yusuf text on the Using

community, the researcher studied it by describing

the readers' responses to the Lontar Yusuf text.

Esoteric Aspect of Traditionnal Oral Mocoan Lontar Yusup in Java Coastal Community (Mocoan Case Lontar Yusup, Desa using,

Banyuwangi)

333

4 RESULT END DISCUSSION

One of the functions of reading Yusup tradition is

ruwatan. According to the Basar Indonesian

Dictionary (1990), Ruwat is recovering as its original

state. Strengthening is restoring it to its original state

or freeing people from the bad luck that will befall

them. On the other hand, the word ruatan is a

ceremony to free people from bad luck that will befall

them. At the time of the tradition, the Using

community still believed in the mocoan tradition,

Lontar Yusup, which contained prayer and kindness

and antidotes to grief and sadness found in Kasuharan

Kawitan (Samudanan). Lontar Yusup also has

function as a wish, especially for avoiding danger and

bad things that will force the prospective Bride.

Based on the results of my observations, I know

that in the tradition of ruatan from the Using, it is still

used as a means of liberating human sanctification for

mistakes that have a negative impact. At the time of

doing the tradition, the Using commonity usually use

the term meruat or ngerukat. The tradition is believed

and carried out on the girl who is approaching her

marriage, but the girl must be an only child or only

child.

The second function is for Ugem facilities.

According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI,

1990) Ugem is holding firm (establishment), truly

believing. In Using society, Ugem is interpreted as a

handle that is believed. With the reading of Lontar

Yusup, there are instructions. The way to apply these

items is:

1) Interpretation of people who have the desire to ask

for good guidance if not done in the future.

2) The Lontar Yusup manuscript is closed and the

mocoan guide holds the text by praying

(expressing wishes), after which the guide slips

the coin into the text once open.

3) After that, open the results of the insertion earlier,

if when opening the insert it just falls on the

pupuh, it is said to be a good thing to do.

4) Next if you have found a way out and believed by

someone who has the desire, the mocoan guide

invites you to read al-Fatihah together.

In the practice of the Maosan Lontar Yusup

tradition in Banyuwangi there are esoteric (inner)

aspects which implicitly appear in the supporting

community. In this esoteric level people accept the

Lontar Yusup text more than outward texts, more than

the codicological aspects, but enter deeper into the

deep spiritual stages. In this case the Lontar Yusup

text is receptively sacred, because the community

believes that the Lontar Yusup text can be used as a

medium, an intermediary in prayer. In the study of the

Mocoan tradition Lontar Yusup, this condition is

called text as wasilah, or an intermediary in praying

to Allah SWT. In this context, the perspective of the

reader community towards the sacred text has a

magical nuance.

One purpose that often appears in the reading is

that which relates to things that are occult, taken from

the contents of the reading of the manakib. The things

related to this magical function are as follows:

a. by reading the Lontar Yusup Text, the reader

(listener) will get a "blessing" (blessing), as well

as karomah, and intercession from Prophet Yusup

AS. In the previous chapter this problem of

blessing has been briefly touched upon. In the

Mocoan tradition of Lontar Yusup, the readers

believe that the reading will cause all listeners to

receive "Blessings" (blessings, intercession) from

Prophet Yusup. This blessing can be happy for all

who follow the reading of the Lontar. This is a

matter of belief and trust in the minds of rural

communities in Banyuwangi.

b. the reading of Lontar Yusup, will be able to drive

away the disturbances of spirits (demons or jinn),

or disturbances from the magic powers made by

someone. The reading of Lontar Yusup for things

like this is usually motivated by a certain event in

a household. For example, a household, suddenly

in his house there are always disturbances of

spirits, which tempt members of the household.

To eliminate the disturbance, the host held a

rukyah and read the substance of Lontar Yusup,

with the intention that the disturbance could be

lost "blessing" the reading the Lontar text.

According to some community members this is

relatively rare in the present conditions.

5 CONCLUSIONS

The Lontar Yusup Manuscript is an ancient

manuscript that is still recognized in Using

community the Glagah District of Banyuwangi

Regency. In Using community the Lontar Yusup

script, it is still used in the mocoan tradition. The

purpose of reading the Lontar Yusup text on the

tradition is that people believe that it brings goodness

and glory. In addition, the yusup lontar script is used

as a companion to ritual ceremonies such as marriage.

The Lontar Yusup tradition script contains the story

of Prophet Yusup who is a prophet who can be used

as an example in terms of character and behavior. The

Lontar Yusup text is an old literature in the form of

traditional poetry.

ICELS 2019 - International Conference on Education, Language, and Society

334

Based on the results of research obtained

according to the reception of Using society, pupuh

Kasmaran Kawitan (Samudana) in the Lontar Yusup

script has a function as a prayer to obtain the

intercession of Prophet Yusup and it contains positive

values in the form of moral messages that refer to the

value of worship. As for the meaning and function of

the mocoan tradition the Lontar Yusup in Using

community the Glagah sub-district of Banyuwangi

Regency, the mocoan tradition is still used in certain

traditional ceremonies which include marriage,

village selametan or village clean, ngeruat, and ugem.

The mocoan tradition is considered sacred and

considered good by Using society because it contains

prayers and positive values that can be used as role

models for Using society.

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