The Turn Taking Strategy Used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the

Presidential Election Debate 2019

Syarifudin Yunus, and Maguna Eliastuti

Indraprasta PGRI University, Jl. Nangka No. 58 C (TB. Simatupang) Jakarta 12530, Department of Indonesian Language

Education and Literature

Keywords: Turn Taking, Election Debate, 2019 Presidential, Speakers Languange Skills

Abstract: Conversational activities that occur between two or more people usually carried out alternately in conveying

their thoughts. When someone speaks, the interlocutor will shut up and listen to the conversation. Turn taking

is a condition where the speaker in question talks in turn. Debate Turn taking on Presidential Election 2019

is the object of this research which is focused on strategies of speech change and patterns or forms of speech

changes, using qualitative descriptive methods. The Turn taking Srategy used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the

Presidential Election 2019 which aired on Television is the data turn taking that can be analyzed. There were

149 data which analyzed by using conversation analysi. This study showed that there were three patterns of

turn-taking that occurred consisting of 1) taking the turn 64% as an initiative to start the conversation, 2)

holding the turn 15% as the initiative of the interlocutor who could not hold his turn to speak, and 3) yielding

the turn 21% as an initiative to produce the impact of the conversation. It can be concluded, the strategy of

turn taking in the presidential candidate debate shows the speakers' language skills, besides being able to

influence voters based on the conversation.

1 INTRODUCTION

Conversational activities that occur between two or

more people usually carried out alternately in

conveying their thoughts. When someone speaks, the

interlocutor will shut up and listen to the

conversation. Vice versa, when more than one person

tries to speak at the same time, one of them will try to

be quiet and listen. Turn talking or turn taking can be

called a condition where a speaker tries to take a turn

to speak to express the contents of the conversation.

Therefore, someone who speaks must understand the

strategies or procedures for regulating conversation

techniques so that they are able to speak softly.

One way to find out about the turn talk or turn

taking process can be done through conversational

analysis. Conversational analysis is needed in

counducting a social interaction, people’s behavior

involve verbal and non-verbal action in every

conversation. Conversational analysis can also be

done on discourse or conversation that is built on

collaboration between speakers and informants who

are informal and unplanned, as happens in

Presidential Candidates Debate in Indonesia in 2019.

Turn talk or turn taking rests on the way and time for

the second speaker to take transfer of speech from

previous speakers (Morrisan and Andy Corry

Wardhany, 2009).

As part of language behavior, turnaround studies

or turn taking can be done on daily conversation

activities. Various interactions and conversations that

use language as a communication tool can be learned

to explain the rules, structures, and sequences of

forms of interaction. Turn taking in conversation

analysis can finally describe how the conversation

works, the rules that apply such as the types of the

conversation, and sequence of interactions pattern,

both in institutional conversations and ordinary

conversations.

Conversational analysis also needed in many

researches related to language. There were various

researches of conversational analysis. The researches

also discussed about the various culture which

occured in every life. As like culture of feminist

behaviour or gender. Conversational behavior makes

conversation analysis compatible with feminist

studies

Conversational analysis begins with preparing a

problem related to the initial hypothesis. The data

which used in the research could be obtained through

460

Yunus, S. and Eliastuti, M.

The Turn Taking Strategy Used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019.

DOI: 10.5220/0009001504600467

In Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Language and Society (ICELS 2019), pages 460-467

ISBN: 978-989-758-405-3

the videos and text recording of conversation which

collected. The situation could be like the conversation

between advisor and his/her students. Then, the

situation needed to record in finding the data related

to turn-taking strategy in their conversation. Through

conversation analysis, researchers can develop rules

or models to explain the occurrence of patterns of

interaction and modifications to the form of

conversation that occurs.

Departing from that reality, we were interested in

analyzing the conversations that took place in the

2019 Presidential Election Debate, specifically those

related to turn-turn or turn taking strategies. Research

like this had previously been done at the presidential

debate between Obama and Romney, Donald Trump

and Hillary Clinton. Presidential debate is a language

reality that rarely happens, only once every 5 years.

The focus of the analysis in this study is the turn

taking strategy between Jokowi's turn and Prabowo’s

turn in the Presidential Candidates Debate 2019.

The Turn Taking Strategy used by Prabowo and

Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019 can

be the language style information of each candidate.

This study can describe Jokowi and Prabowo's turn-

taking strategy in the 2019 presidential election

debate, in addition to providing an overview of the

effectiveness of language use in the debate.

The purpose of this study is practically to inform

turn taking strategies or turn to speak from each

presidential candidate, Jokowi and Prabowo when the

2019 presidential election debate takes place. With

the support of facts or evidences as a basis, the turn-

speaking or turn taking strategies used can influence

voters. The turn taking strategy used by Jokowi and

Prabowo emphasizes more on language behavior that

has a strong influence on the emotions or feelings of

voters

The benefits of this study involve theoretical

and practical benefits. From a theoretical point of

view, this research can add knowledge insight

especially in the field of discourse and pragmatics and

talk about turn-taking strategies to improve speaking

skills and research on students. In practical terms, this

study can help students improve their speaking skills

and analyze conversations, can be taken into

consideration in developing variations in learning

models, can add knowledge and insights related to

conversation analysis, and can be as an academic

studies in the field of language.

2 LITARATURE REVIEW

2.1 Conversation Analysis (CA)

Conversational analysis was a branch of study that

departs to find what is in the conversation. The

section is a discussion of conversations and changes

between speakers. Like how people interact with one

another, besides also looking for how the turnover

system speaks, or commonly called turn-taking.

Basically conversation is a manifestation of the

use of language to interact. The manifestation of the

use of the language can be seen from two aspects. The

first aspect is content, i.e. aspects that pay attention to

things like what topics are discussed in a

conversation; how the topic is conveyed in the

conversation: whether explicitly, through

presupposition, or implied in various ways; what

types of topics lead to other topics and what are the

reasons for this sort of thing happening.

Conversation analysis theory focuses its attention

on interactions in conversations such as various

movements by communicators and how they manage

and arrange the sequence of conversations as is

clearly seen in behavior. The theoretical framework

used in the analysis are: (1) the principles of

conversation in Dell Hymes' ethnography of speaking

(1972); (2) procedures for conversation analysis

(Richards & Schmidt, 1983; Drew & Curl, 2008)

under the umbrella of ethnomethodology by Malcolm

Coulthard (1985) combined with principles of locus

acts, illocution, and perlocution (Searle, 1969;

Levinson, 1983).

Conversation analysis is carried out through data

that is discussed and transcribed. The activity of

transcribing conversations is not just giving a

phonetic feel to describing and classifying phonemes

and their variations, but as a technique that can help

facilitate the way people build traffic to manage

traffic 'in helping to use language tools. This means

the intent by transcription techniques, the rules that

govern the structure and organization that can

communicate. These rules are important to discuss

because they relate to these rules. It is expected that

the process of producing oral participation. From the

work of conversation analysis experts, there are some

fundamental findings. One of them is the turn-taking

transition.

2.2 Turn Taking

Turn-taking of conversation is natural action that

occur when two or more people talk. In the turn-

taking the people give their opinion or argumen to

The Turn Taking Strategy Used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019

461

make a communicative conversation. Turn-taking

could be found when the people express their ideas by

using some words, phrases, and sentences. The

situation of their argumen Turn-taking in

conversation has become the subject of this research.

The basic model takes turns for conversations

identified from field recordings. The basic foundation

for this idea is that participants in the conversation are

expected to express their words (phrases, sentences,

or parts of both) during their turn. The most basic

form occurs in the conversation of two people where

the sentence is finished or pauses, for example, might

be enough to justify the next turn to another person.

This has been discussed under the 'adjacency pair'

structure.

In multi-party conversations, a mechanism is

found to be more complicated where the 'current

speaker chooses' is a possibility, and how often

individual speech is adjusted for the sequence of

speakers in the conversation. The possibility of

getting not only the next turn, but also a series of turns

(needed for example in telling jokes or stories are

documented in the announcement analysis and story

preferences. Certain balances in conversation can be

found in the process in which the turn is allocated.

The balance is not created only by the people who are

speaking, but also in many other interactions where

minimal forms are used to evenly distribute who

speaks during conversations.

Other types of turn allocation mechanisms

consists of the use of 'repetition', and ‘omission’ of

words form. The use of temporary regulators in turns

including chuckles, ‘hmm’, ‘oh’, ‘eee, and other

special short syllables beginning with consonants like

'tih'.

According to conversational analysis, a take-up

system consists of two different components, they are

an allocation mechanism that is responsible for

distributing bends (in any case) and the lexical

component used by parties to full fill that turn while

remaining implied sequentially to deal with the

contingency of conversations that force turn

happened. The turn-taking component construction

explains the basic units from which the turns are

made.

2.3 Strategy for Turn Taking

Strategy is a plan in carrying out activities to achieve

specific targets, including in presidential debates.

Strategies related to science and art to lead a face

opponents. According to Stenstrom (1994), turn-

taking is a change of speaker, before or after another

speaker takes over the conversation. Some turn-

taking strategies are very short and consist of one

word, the rest is long and resembles a monologue.

There are three basic strategies in turn-taking, namely

1) taking a turn, 2) holding a turn, and 3) producing a

turnover.

2.4 Function and Objectives of political

Language

The purpose of the use of language and the process of

speech acts is one of the factors that determine the use

of one's language. A person will use a certain

language to achieve certain goals. People will use a

variety of humorous, relaxed and familiar languages

to create a lively and intimate atmosphere of

conversation, and vice versa. In everyday life, the

function or purpose of language can be classified into:

a. Reference

Referential functions are the language's ability to

provide information. The information conveyed is

accurate and there is no element of taxa or ambiguity.

This function is closely related to power. According

to Thomas and Wareing (2007: 14) referential

functions of language are related to what is used to

refer to objects and ideas and how to describe events

(or in other words how we represent / describe the

world around us and the impact of that representation

on the way we think.)

b. Affective

The affective function of language related to who

is "allowed / entitled" says what, where this is closely

related to power and social status (Thomas and

Wareing, 2007: 14)

c. Aesthetics

Affective functions emphasize aspects to obtain

certain results, such as respect, pleasure or mere ado.

Affective functions do not provide any information to

anyone. As explained by Thomas and Wareing (2007:

13-14), if later after the flower was arranged, then

someone visited and commented: "Beautiful

flowers!" And you said "thank you", then that is an

example of use of the phatic aspects of language.

As for Putrayasa (2007: 11) the purpose of using

a variety of political languages in particular in print

media is to vary the sentences used by the authorities

(officials), to respect or appreciate, to refine, and to

emphasize/strengthen intent. In addition, there are

also those that aim for variations in sentences while

refining, or variations in sentences as well as

reinforcement. Political goals are to be

communicated. According to Siahaan (1991: 68), the

effects caused in political communication are divided

into three aspects, namely: cognitive, affective, and

behavioral or psychomotor

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462

2.5 Campaign

Election campaigns are activities of participants in the

General Election to convince voters by offering

election visions, missions and programs (PKPU

Number 15 of 2013).

2.6 Debate

a. Understanding Debate

According to Nurcahyo (2012: 3) the debate is a

contradiction in argumentation, the debate aims to

explore the reasons behind each point of view.

Another definition of debate is an oral

communication process, which is expressed in

language to defend opinions (Dipodjojo, 1982: 47).

According to Hendrikus (1991: 120) the debate in

essence is mutual fighting between interpersonal or

human group arguments, with the aim of achieving

victory for one party. Every person or group in the

debate tries to bring down their opponents, so that

they are in the right position.

Debates begin by examining the opinions and

argumentative positions of the other person, after

which concentrate on the weak points of the opposing

argument. Then the process of thought and opinion

takes place seriously until a person or group gives up.

It can also occur that a ban is stopped without results,

without a winner (Hendrikus, 1991: 120). Through

the debate process, the participants were trained to

speak briefly, densely and impressively (Hendrikus,

1991: 128)

b. Benchmark in arguing

According to Hendrikus, (1991: 123) there are

sixteen benchmarks that can be used in the process of

debating.

1) We must concentrate and limit ourselves to the

subject of the other person's mind which is a weak

point. If it turns out that out of ten thoughts there

are nine righteous ones, then we rely on that one

weak point, where there is a possibility to bring

down the opponent.

2) If our position is weak, then we cannot express

effective arguments, therefore we must always

return to the weak point of the interlocutor.

3) We may only give evidence if we know for certain

that the reason for speaking is not stronger than

our own.

4) If the opponent shows the weakness of our

argument, then we also have to show the same

thing to the other party. With this we prove that

there are weaknesses on the other side. The debate

is balanced and the process of argumentation can

continue.

5) We must distinguish between mistakes that occur

in relationships with good manners and

argumentative mistakes that can trap the other

person.

6) We must show our truth and strength clearly,

before the opponent sees our weaknesses.

Meanwhile, we also reveal weaknesses and

shortcomings that appear or that will emerge from

the opposing party and reveal convincingly to the

other person.

7) That thought or idea does not determine! What is

decisive is action! Who accepts the idea then

inserts the idea in a planned manner, he is the

executor, the ruler and the owner of the idea and

not the person who gave birth to the idea.

8) Arguing means subjugating your opponent through

argumentation or in other words conquering the

other person, but must be in a fair and sporty

manner as in a sports match.

c. Scholarship Talking Scheme

The scheme of discussion in debate so that it can

be an effective tool in convincing listeners is as

follows.

1) Scheme to Maintain Position

2) Shows the starting point of our opinion

3) Expressing the basis, reason for our opinion

(argumentation)

4) Give concrete examples to strengthen proof

5) Draw conclusions (which are demanding,

compelling)

6) Call for action. (Hendrikus, 1991: 126)

3 RESEARCH METHOD

This research is a type of qualitative research. Edi

Subroto (1992: 7) argues that "qualitative research is

descriptive research. The researcher carefully and

carefully records the data in the form of words,

sentences, discourses, pictures/photos, diaries,

memorandums, video tapes". This research prioritizes

the process rather than the results. This is due to the

relationship between the parts studied it will be clear

the meaning when observed in the process. The

descriptive term in this study refers to existing facts

or phenomena that are empirically occurring to the

speakers, so that what is produced or recorded is in

the form of a description of the usual language such

as portrait: exposure as it is” (Sudaryanto, 1993: 62).

The facts described include: 1) special features

and ways of distributing the turn to talk in the Turn

Taking conversation used in the presidential debate,

2) the closest pair in the Turn Taking conversation

The Turn Taking Strategy Used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019

463

that is used in the presidential debate, 3) the intent of

the occurrence (interruption and overlapping overlap

in the Turn Taking conversation used in the

presidential debate. Descriptive methods can be used

to describe, describe, describe, and explain the

phenomenon of object research. Arikunto (2005: 83)

reveals that in his study, this method describes data or

objects naturally, objective, and factual.

The population of this study is the whole

conversation or dialogue in the Turn Taking

conversation used in the Presidential Candidates

debate. Population is the object of research or the total

number of objects studied. Edi Subroto (1992: 32)

states that "in linguistic research, the population in

general is the whole individual and certain aspects of

language. The population in general is the language

used by a particular group of people studied ". The

research object that has been determined is the study

population. Sudaryanto (1990: 36) states "The

population in question is understood as the total

number of uses of certain languages which are

unknown limits due to the number of people who use

(from thousands to millions), duration of use

(throughout the lives of speakers), and extent area and

usage environment".

The research sample, referring to Edi Subroto

(1992: 9) stated that the sample is a portion of the

population used as the direct object of research. Or in

other words, a sample is a concrete form in the use of

language by native speakers who, if they represent

populations. Sampling is purposive sampling, namely

sampling based on characteristics or traits that are

considered to have a close relationship with the

research objectives. The selection of samples is done

more selectively to get data that is more relevant to

the research objectives. The choice of sample is based

on that sample can represent the entire population. In

addition, the themes raised in the sample are things

that are widely discussed by people and always make

headlines in mass media and electronics at the time

they were there

This study uses oral data sources. Therefore, the

main source of the data in this study is the language

utterances carried out by the resource person, the

audience (who expressed opinion), and the moderator

in the Turn Taking conversation used in the

Presidential Candidates debate. The method of data

collection is a method used to obtain quality data. In

this study, the author uses the refer method, record

method, and note method. Sudaryanto (1988: 2) states

that the method of referencing is listening to the use

of language, referring technique is the activity of

tapping which is done by not participating when

listening. This method is carried out by the author by

watching and listening to the conversation that occurs

between the parties involved in the Turn Taking

conversation process used in the Presidential

Candidate debate.

To get the validity or validity of research data, it

is necessary to periodically check the data. The

checking of the data is carried out with the

perseverance and consistency of the researchers in

data collection. In addition, to obtain more valid data

validity, researchers also used the trianggulation

method (see, proficient, and introspection).

According to Moleong (2011: 329) the

consistency of observation means looking for

consistent interpretations in various ways in relation

to a constant or tentative analysis process. This

defines the openness of the researcher in conducting

research, enabling the existence of contextual factors

that can influence the research subject. Then the

researcher examines in detail up to a point so that at

the beginning of the examination it appears that one

or all of the factors examined are understood in the

usual way (Moleong, 2011: 330). In contrast to that,

observation perseverance intends to find traits and

elements in situations that are very relevant to the

problem or issue being sought and then focus on these

things in detail (Moleong, 2011: 329).

Checking the validity of the data is also done by

reference to existing pragmatic books. From these

books, researchers with a careful and thorough

attitude make the validity of the data. The

triangulation method is used to make sure the validity

of data.

4 RESEARCH RESULT

Turn-taking is the time when the second speaker

takes over the talk of the previous speaker, and vice

versa. This turnover is a form of social action that

runs according to the conventional local regulatory

system. Substitution of each subsequent speaker is

highly valued. Exchange is accompanied by long

silence or overlaps. If the exchange is accompanied

by a long silence between the two turns, then the

conversation that occurs occurs feels stiff. A very

short pause is a form of doubt, while a long pause

becomes silence.

The strategy of taking a turn to talk or turn taking

involves three basic strategies: taking the floor

(taking conversation), holding the floor (mastering

the conversation), and yielding the floor (producing

conversation). There are three types of turnaround

strategies. The first type is to take over speech, the

second type is in control of speech, and the third type

ICELS 2019 - International Conference on Education, Language, and Society

464

is to produce conversation. This type explains how

people start conversations, how people continue to

talk and how people give opportunities to others.

Taking the floor is the time when the first speaker

or the next speaker takes the turn of speech. Types of

taking the floor include: a) starting up (starting the

conversation) can be done with doubt or clear speech,

b) taking over that is taking over the turn of speech

(can be started with conjunction), c) interruption,

which is taking the turn of speech speaks because the

speaker who will take over the turn of speech feels

that the message that the previous speaker needs to

convey is enough so that the speech turn is taken over

by the next speaker, and d) overlap, the speaker

predicts that the speaker will immediately turn to

speak to the speaker then, he took over the turn to

speak.

Holding the floor, namely the time when the

speaker is speaking the utterances, and how the

speaker maintains his turn to speak. Yielding the floor

is the time when the speaker gives a turn to speak to

the next speaker.

In an extended turnover mechanism, speakers

hope that their opponents say they are listening. One

way to show these responses is by facial expressions,

smiles and other signals, but the most common vocal

indication is called backcannel. For example:

Sandiaga: "Fix recording of State assets.

Important"!

Jokowi: "I do not agree with what was said by

Mr. Prabowo because we know, we know

the salary of our ASN, our current civil

servants in my opinion are enough. With

additional performance benefits already

large. "

Prabowo: "Yes, I think the problem is that I see that

I learned from the case of many

countries, even though there are various

types of benefits called performance,

there is fear in entering and there are

doubts about acting outside the interests

of the people and the public interest."

Sandiaga: "Well, by fixing the state asset record, I

experience time in DKI that we can get

the unqualified predicate used by

motivating the ASNs"

Referring to 149 data turn taking or turn to speak

in the Turn Taking Strategy used by Prabowo and

Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019, the

following data can be presented:

Table 1: Strategy of Turn Taking Used by Jokowi and

Prabowo in the 2019 Presidential Election Debate

Types of Turn

Taking

Debate

Total

Taking the Turn

The initiative to

start a

conversation, then

invite the other

person to

comment or

answer the

question; the

beginning of the

debate.

64%

Holding the Turn

The initiates of the

other person who

can't hold their

turn to speak,

usually occur as a

result of the first

speaker talking all

the time and not

giving the other

person the

opportunity.

15%

Yielding the Turn

(Producing Talks)

Initiatives to

provoke,

feedback, or not

be able to respond

and protest.

21%

Total

149

100%

Based on the table above, turn taking or turn to

speak in the turn taking strategy used by Prabowo and

Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019 can

be stated to tend to be based on 1) taking the turn of

64% as an initiative to start a conversation, then invite

the other person to comment or answer questions; as

the beginning of the debate. While 2) holding the turn

is 15% as the initiative of the interlocutor who cannot

resist the turn to speak, which occurs as a result of the

first speaker talking all the time and not giving the

other person the opportunity, and 3) yielding the turn

of 21% as an initiative to produce talk in the form of

provocation, feedback, or unable to respond and

protest.

In addition, this research can reveal turn taking

based on speakers in the 2019 Presidential Election

Debate as can be seen in the following table:

Table 2: Strategy of Turn Taking based on Speakers

in the 2019 Presidential Election Debate

Types of Turn

Taking

Jokowi

Prabowo

Moderator

Taking the Turn

The initiative to start

a conversation, then

invite the other

23%

27%

50%

The Turn Taking Strategy Used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019

465

person to comment

or answer the

question; the

beginning of the

debate.

Holding the Turn

The initiatives of the

other person who

can't hold their turn

to speak, usually

occur as a result of

the first speaker

talking all the time

and not giving the

other person the

opportunity.

68%

24%

Yielding the Turn

(Producing Talks)

Initiatives to

provoke, feedback, or

not be able to

respond and protest.

26,5%

62,5%

11%

Total

Persentase

32%

42%

26%

Based on the speakers aspect, turn taking in the

2019 Presidential Election Debate, it can be stated

that:

1. Jokowi has a portion of 32% turn taking or turn to

speak, while Prabowo controls a portion of 42%

and moderator 26%.

2. Turn-taking strategy is dominated by Prabowo

27%, while Jokowi is 23%.

3. Take over the turn is more dominated Jokowi

68%, while Prabowo is 24%.

4. Yielding the turn or producing talks is more

dominated by Prabowo 62.5%, while Jokowi is

26.5%.

Turn taking or turn to speak as a form of

conversation is essentially a manifestation of the use

of language in interacting. The coverage can

represent two aspects; 1) aspects of the content,

concerning the topics discussed in the conversation;

explicitly, through prepositions, or implicit in various

ways; including managing topics and 2) formal

aspects of conversation, concerning the conversation

process that occurs; rules that are obeyed; and

'succession' that is achieved in giving and obtaining

according to turn-taking mechanisms such as pauses,

interruptions, overlaps, and so on.

For example, there was a yielding turn in the

form of "appealing/attracting" conducted by Sandiaga

so that Jokowi encouraged him to respond. There was

also talking the turn in the form of an "allert/warning"

from Moderator when Jokowi responded to

Sandiaga's exposure, then Sandiaga "meta

comment/comment" to comment on Jokowi's

statement in the following debate:

Sandiaga: "During a visit to 1000 locations, met the

community. I found things that really

made us sad, that there was the story of

Mr. Najib, a fisherman on the Pasir

Putih beach in Cilamaya in Karawang.

He took sand to plant mangroves in

mangrove forests. He was executed,

criminalized. Many of these

persecutions and criminalization are

not monitored and only we see the big

ones going up. While cases that affect

the community are small people, small

people are not handled well. Under

Prabowo Sandy, the law must be

upheld for the small people. Under

Prabowo-Sandi, we will enforce

human rights, and this is confirmed.

It’s fair prospered with Prabowo

Sandi. "

Moderator: "Immediately I go to candidate number

01. Please respond to answer number

02 number one time. "

Jokowi: "The diversity of differences, both

ethnic differences, religious

differences, different traditional

customs, different regional languages,

has become Sunatullah, it has become

God's law given to our nation,

Indonesia. And the nation's greatest

asset is brotherhood, the nation's

greatest asset is unity, the nation's

greatest asset is immeasurable. Well,

that's why I always invite you to keep

ukhuwah Islamiyah, we keep our

ukhuwah watoniyah. Because of the

unity of brotherhood, this is the

greatest asset of our nation that we

love. If there is indeed a persecution,

then Mr. Sandi was accused again

earlier. Easy, report me I will order the

act of the perpetrator firmly. "

Moderator: "The time is up, please pass the 02

candidate response to the response of

the candidate 01, it's one minute."

Sandiaga: "Mr. President, whom I respect, I am

not accusing. What we convey is the

story that we collected during the visit.

We meet with the community. We want

to bring a sense of justice to human

rights. We think the definitions are big,

but for small people, that is the right to

get jobs as guaranteed by our

constitution, the basic law 45 article 27

verse 2. People struggle to get a more

decent livelihood, affordable

livelihoods and living costs. Prabowo

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Sandi will side with the people.

Prabowo Sandi will ensure that human

rights also include access to education

on health and good livelihoods,

according to Mr. President ".

The turn taking strategy used by Prabowo and

Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019 can

also show the style of the language of the speakers in

the conversation, besides being able to be associated

with the characteristics of the speaker's turn-taking

system. High engagement styles usually occur in

relatively fast conversations almost without pauses

between speech turns, and accompanied by a slight

overlap. But there is also a high style of solidarity

when the speech style in the conversation is presented

relatively slowly, expecting a longer pause between

talking turns, not overlapping, and avoiding

interruptions without coercion. It is this speech style

which then tends to give rise to prejudices against

speakers.

In addition, the turn taking strategy used by

Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential Election

Debate 2019 emphasizes the existence of three

patterns that occur in conversations or debates, which

consist of: 1) taking the turn or taking turns as an

initiative to start a conversation, then invite the other

person to giving comments or answering questions,

2) holding the turn or holding turn as the initiative of

the interlocutor who cannot hold his turn to speak,

usually due to the first speaker speaking all the time

and not giving the other person the opportunity, and

3) yielding the turn or yielding talk as an initiative to

provoke, feedback, or unable to respond and protest.

Finally, the turn taking strategy used by

Jokowi and Prabowo in the 2019 Presidential Election

Debate as presented in this study suggests the

importance of language skills as the spearhead of

communication that can give an impression to other

language speakers. The 2019 Presidential Election

Debate is a language reality that can be studied in a

language perspective.

5 CONCLUSIONS

Conclusions in the study of the turn taking strategy

used by Prabowo and Jokowi in the Presidential

Election Debate 2019 can be stated as follows:

1. The strategy of turn taking used by Prabowo and

Jokowi in the Presidential Election Debate 2019

consists of three patterns, namely 1) taking the

turn of 64% as an initiative to initiate talks, then

inviting the other person to comment or answer

questions; as the beginning of the debate. While

2) holding the turn is 15% as the initiative of the

interlocutor who cannot resist the turn to speak,

which occurs as a result of the first speaker talking

all the time and not giving the other person the

opportunity, 3) yielding the turn of 21% as an

initiative to producing talk in the form of

provocation, feedback, and unable to respond.

2. In terms of speakers, turn taking or turn to speak

in the 2019 Presidential Election Debate has a

composition: Jokowi contributes 32%, while

Prabowo contributes 42% and moderator 26%.

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